Additional Reading Notes (WORD document)
... years. Given that global average temperature has increased over the last 100 years, we expect that some of the responses will be things like higher sea levels and decreased sea ice. However, these observed changes do not tell us why the global average temperature is increasing. Correlation, such as ...
... years. Given that global average temperature has increased over the last 100 years, we expect that some of the responses will be things like higher sea levels and decreased sea ice. However, these observed changes do not tell us why the global average temperature is increasing. Correlation, such as ...
Countdown to Copenhagen: Climate Change Policy and Advocacy
... that there will be no more water. And even the rains that used to come on time are late’ Valerio Quispe, Bolivia ...
... that there will be no more water. And even the rains that used to come on time are late’ Valerio Quispe, Bolivia ...
Rowand-(Kyoto Protocol-CO2)
... greenhouse gas emissions was necessary. The report predicted catastrophic changes in the earth due to an alarming rise in climate in the last 50 years and concluded that it was the fault of humans. President Clinton agreed to the Kyoto Protocol in 1997. Congress voted unanimously not to ratify any ...
... greenhouse gas emissions was necessary. The report predicted catastrophic changes in the earth due to an alarming rise in climate in the last 50 years and concluded that it was the fault of humans. President Clinton agreed to the Kyoto Protocol in 1997. Congress voted unanimously not to ratify any ...
Assessing Scientific Knowledge about Climate Change
... Fourth Assessment completed in 2006 followed by a discussion of some areas of active scientific interest and research since 2006, including polar ice sheets and sea level rise, ocean acidification and its impacts, geoengineering, and ways of accounting for non-carbon dioxide greenhouse gases ("metri ...
... Fourth Assessment completed in 2006 followed by a discussion of some areas of active scientific interest and research since 2006, including polar ice sheets and sea level rise, ocean acidification and its impacts, geoengineering, and ways of accounting for non-carbon dioxide greenhouse gases ("metri ...
Global Warming: The Scientific Basis for Anthropogenic Climate
... i.e. 342 Wm-2 incoming solar radiation is balanced by 235 Wm-2 of outgoing longwave and 107 Wm-2 of reflected solar radiation. • Disruption of this system causes global warming or cooling. ...
... i.e. 342 Wm-2 incoming solar radiation is balanced by 235 Wm-2 of outgoing longwave and 107 Wm-2 of reflected solar radiation. • Disruption of this system causes global warming or cooling. ...
Global cooling - Is global warming still happening?
... A look at the Earth's total heat content clearly shows global warming has continued past 1998. So why do surface temperature records show 1998 as the hottest year on record? Figure 1 shows the heat capacity of the land and atmosphere are small compared to the ocean (the tiny brown sliver of "land + ...
... A look at the Earth's total heat content clearly shows global warming has continued past 1998. So why do surface temperature records show 1998 as the hottest year on record? Figure 1 shows the heat capacity of the land and atmosphere are small compared to the ocean (the tiny brown sliver of "land + ...
Warming - deaconsource
... negative forcing, with SO2 comprising -0.4 W m-2. Indirect effects are around -0.7 W m-2, with a large uncertainty range of -1.8 to -0.3 W m-2. Aerosols are the primary reason why Earth is still at around 380 parts per million CO2-equivilent (CO2e), rather than the 460 ppm CO2e projected if all the ...
... negative forcing, with SO2 comprising -0.4 W m-2. Indirect effects are around -0.7 W m-2, with a large uncertainty range of -1.8 to -0.3 W m-2. Aerosols are the primary reason why Earth is still at around 380 parts per million CO2-equivilent (CO2e), rather than the 460 ppm CO2e projected if all the ...
AP Environmental Science notes - climate change and ozone
... Air pollution may be reducing the effects of climate change - see Nova's Dimming the Sun Interactive map of global warming "early warning signs" - changes already ...
... Air pollution may be reducing the effects of climate change - see Nova's Dimming the Sun Interactive map of global warming "early warning signs" - changes already ...
Global Warming and the Environment – A Challenge for Lawyers in
... “Global warming” refers to the rise in average global temperature, and it is believed to result partly from a build-up of heat trapping greenhouse gases by human activities including burning of fossil fuels (coal and oil) and wood. “Climate change” on the other hand refers to changes in longterm ave ...
... “Global warming” refers to the rise in average global temperature, and it is believed to result partly from a build-up of heat trapping greenhouse gases by human activities including burning of fossil fuels (coal and oil) and wood. “Climate change” on the other hand refers to changes in longterm ave ...
The UNFCCC Convention and the Kyoto Protocol fact sheet
... countries least prepared to counter them. Many African countries are among the most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Global warming is caused by an excess of heat-trapping gases, first and foremost carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxides. These gases mainly result from the burning of ...
... countries least prepared to counter them. Many African countries are among the most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Global warming is caused by an excess of heat-trapping gases, first and foremost carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxides. These gases mainly result from the burning of ...
Proxy Climate Data - University of Texas at Austin
... Why bother studying ancient climate? Who cares what happened a long time ago? 1. Past variability can show climatic extremes that have not been experienced during recorded history 2. In order to understand the effects of human activity on climate, we must establish what the planet, the atmosphere, ...
... Why bother studying ancient climate? Who cares what happened a long time ago? 1. Past variability can show climatic extremes that have not been experienced during recorded history 2. In order to understand the effects of human activity on climate, we must establish what the planet, the atmosphere, ...
Atmosphere, the Water Cycle and Climate Change
... Source: C. D. Keeling and T. P. Whorf; Etheridge et.al.; Barnola et.al.; (PAGES / IGBP); IPCC ...
... Source: C. D. Keeling and T. P. Whorf; Etheridge et.al.; Barnola et.al.; (PAGES / IGBP); IPCC ...
PPT
... Air quality is sensitive to weather and so will be affected by climate change Expected effect of 21st-century climate change ...
... Air quality is sensitive to weather and so will be affected by climate change Expected effect of 21st-century climate change ...
Prof David Karoly`s Presentation from the November
... • Use mathematical representations of physical laws, including Newton's second law of motion, the laws of conservation of mass and energy, laws of thermodynamics, and the ideal gas law • Represent important processes in atmosphere, ocean, land surface and ice, as well as coupling between them • More ...
... • Use mathematical representations of physical laws, including Newton's second law of motion, the laws of conservation of mass and energy, laws of thermodynamics, and the ideal gas law • Represent important processes in atmosphere, ocean, land surface and ice, as well as coupling between them • More ...
Atmosphere Revision Booklet
... 2. Some of the incoming radiation scattered by clouds, some reflected from Earth’s surface, some absorbed. 3. Earth then emits long wave radiation from its surface. 4. Some of this escapes into space, some is absorbed by greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide, methane, water vapour and nitrous oxide. 5. T ...
... 2. Some of the incoming radiation scattered by clouds, some reflected from Earth’s surface, some absorbed. 3. Earth then emits long wave radiation from its surface. 4. Some of this escapes into space, some is absorbed by greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide, methane, water vapour and nitrous oxide. 5. T ...
- Sustainable Loudoun
... with politicians [6], lobbyists and a small number of scientists with the intent of misinforming the public in order to maximize profit. Obviously these people were not being paid to tell the truth. Unsurprisingly ExxonMobil’s dishonesty has had a steep cost which we can show graphically. Figure 1 s ...
... with politicians [6], lobbyists and a small number of scientists with the intent of misinforming the public in order to maximize profit. Obviously these people were not being paid to tell the truth. Unsurprisingly ExxonMobil’s dishonesty has had a steep cost which we can show graphically. Figure 1 s ...
The Weather Makers - Eastern Washington University
... that human activity is drastically altering the earth’s climate, and that before too long these changes will have a devastating effect on life on this planet. He wants to mobilize the social and political will to address this problem before it’s too late. In this important and provocative book, Flan ...
... that human activity is drastically altering the earth’s climate, and that before too long these changes will have a devastating effect on life on this planet. He wants to mobilize the social and political will to address this problem before it’s too late. In this important and provocative book, Flan ...
Unit 1 – The World At Risk
... warming may be because of solar output variation However a study in 2006 showed no major increase in solar output since mid 1970s ...
... warming may be because of solar output variation However a study in 2006 showed no major increase in solar output since mid 1970s ...
Targeting Black Carbon and Short-Lived GHGs to
... Climate and Clean Air Coalition to Reduce Short-Lived Climate Pollutants: ...
... Climate and Clean Air Coalition to Reduce Short-Lived Climate Pollutants: ...
LW Global Warming Talk
... - change profit motivation of utilities - watch U.S. modernize & emissions fall! ...
... - change profit motivation of utilities - watch U.S. modernize & emissions fall! ...
Cecilie Mauritzen, CICERO Large Developing Economies: 2010-2013
... Source: Peters et al. 2012a; Global Carbon Project 2012 ...
... Source: Peters et al. 2012a; Global Carbon Project 2012 ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.