Carbon Emissions Reduction via Increased Fuel Economy Keith
... “greenhouse gases” (GHGs), which act to trap solar radiation inside the earth’s atmosphere, resulting in an overall warming of the planet. If not mitigated, the effects of GCC would be catastrophic, including increased incidence of and deaths caused by extreme weather events, massive species extinct ...
... “greenhouse gases” (GHGs), which act to trap solar radiation inside the earth’s atmosphere, resulting in an overall warming of the planet. If not mitigated, the effects of GCC would be catastrophic, including increased incidence of and deaths caused by extreme weather events, massive species extinct ...
AGU - Global Heat Flow Database
... measurements at multi-year intervals spanning time periods when solar radiation, soil temperatures, and SAT have been recorded should enable comparison of the thermal energy stored in the ground to these quantities. If coherence between energy storage, solar radiation, GST, SAT and multi-proxy tempe ...
... measurements at multi-year intervals spanning time periods when solar radiation, soil temperatures, and SAT have been recorded should enable comparison of the thermal energy stored in the ground to these quantities. If coherence between energy storage, solar radiation, GST, SAT and multi-proxy tempe ...
Slide 1 - climateknowledge.org
... unrelated to CO2 – Need to think about time and balance here … • There are sources of T and CO2 variability other than the radiative greenhouse gas effect. – If CO2 increases in the atmosphere, there will be enhanced surface warming, but is the increase large enough to change temperature beyond othe ...
... unrelated to CO2 – Need to think about time and balance here … • There are sources of T and CO2 variability other than the radiative greenhouse gas effect. – If CO2 increases in the atmosphere, there will be enhanced surface warming, but is the increase large enough to change temperature beyond othe ...
A Changing Climate: Cold adventures
... Identify: Below is a graph that illustrates the changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide and global temperature over the last 420,000 years. The data was obtained from the Russian-operated Antarctic Vostok ice core. Periods of extended cold are known as glacial periods and periods of extended warmth ar ...
... Identify: Below is a graph that illustrates the changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide and global temperature over the last 420,000 years. The data was obtained from the Russian-operated Antarctic Vostok ice core. Periods of extended cold are known as glacial periods and periods of extended warmth ar ...
Ecosystem Impacts of Climate Change
... A feedback is a mechanism whereby an initial change in a process will tend to either reinforce the change ...
... A feedback is a mechanism whereby an initial change in a process will tend to either reinforce the change ...
The Climate Threat We Can Beat
... rising sea levels, a thinning Arctic icecap, extreme weather events, ocean acidification, loss of natural habitats, and many others. Perhaps even more fearsome, however, are the eªects whose odds and consequences are unknown, such as the danger that melting permafrost in the Arctic could release sti ...
... rising sea levels, a thinning Arctic icecap, extreme weather events, ocean acidification, loss of natural habitats, and many others. Perhaps even more fearsome, however, are the eªects whose odds and consequences are unknown, such as the danger that melting permafrost in the Arctic could release sti ...
Global Climate Change
... especially the one surrounding the earth, and retained by the celestial body's gravitational field. f. Biosphere - The part of the earth and its atmosphere in which living organisms exist or that is capable of supporting life. g. Geologic Time - The period of time covering the physical formation and ...
... especially the one surrounding the earth, and retained by the celestial body's gravitational field. f. Biosphere - The part of the earth and its atmosphere in which living organisms exist or that is capable of supporting life. g. Geologic Time - The period of time covering the physical formation and ...
climate change and the greenhouse effect
... and step up our efforts over time, we would all be able to live in a sustainable and comfortable environment in the long run. In your case, you could set your thermostat to 25°C for a start, and slowly work towards using fans, instead of air-cons. ...
... and step up our efforts over time, we would all be able to live in a sustainable and comfortable environment in the long run. In your case, you could set your thermostat to 25°C for a start, and slowly work towards using fans, instead of air-cons. ...
Natural or Anthropogenic?
... IPCC - Why was it created? “Human activities now occur on a scale that is starting to interfere with complex natural systems” “Climate change poses a serious challenge to policymakers” “Policymakers … need an objective source of the most widely accepted scientific, technical and socio-economic info ...
... IPCC - Why was it created? “Human activities now occur on a scale that is starting to interfere with complex natural systems” “Climate change poses a serious challenge to policymakers” “Policymakers … need an objective source of the most widely accepted scientific, technical and socio-economic info ...
Global Warming, CO2, and You
... society based primarily on energy from people and living plants and animals to one based on fossil fuels. Special conditions that existed when coal, gas, and petroleum formed are not present now, so they can no longer form in significant amounts, if at all. Furthermore, formation of fossil fuels is ...
... society based primarily on energy from people and living plants and animals to one based on fossil fuels. Special conditions that existed when coal, gas, and petroleum formed are not present now, so they can no longer form in significant amounts, if at all. Furthermore, formation of fossil fuels is ...
Powerpoint file
... “Global warming caused by green house gases emitted into the air is a result of the human activities.” “… emission reduction efforts alone are unlikely to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations at levels low enough to prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system.” “Accumulat ...
... “Global warming caused by green house gases emitted into the air is a result of the human activities.” “… emission reduction efforts alone are unlikely to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations at levels low enough to prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system.” “Accumulat ...
Monsoon environments and the impacts of climate variability and
... flows and crop productivity and who have particular expertise in the semi-arid tropics. The research exploits existing or planned numerical simulations on seasonal and climate timescales, such as seasonal prediction ensembles, current climate simulations forced with observed sea surface temperatures ...
... flows and crop productivity and who have particular expertise in the semi-arid tropics. The research exploits existing or planned numerical simulations on seasonal and climate timescales, such as seasonal prediction ensembles, current climate simulations forced with observed sea surface temperatures ...
Earth`s Energy Out of Balance: The Smoking
... “Finally, concerning ‘practicality’, it should be noted that reduced air pollution and stable climate are important to both the West and the East, so there is opportunity for mutually beneficial cooperation in achieving these objectives.” 8. How is the Earth’s energy imbalance related to melting ice ...
... “Finally, concerning ‘practicality’, it should be noted that reduced air pollution and stable climate are important to both the West and the East, so there is opportunity for mutually beneficial cooperation in achieving these objectives.” 8. How is the Earth’s energy imbalance related to melting ice ...
Global Warming and Global Change: Facts and Myths
... balance between the processes of photosynthesis and the decomposition of the biomass. According to the Le Chatelier’s Principle, our interference would lead to the strengthening of reverse reactions or to the intensification of the photosynthesis processes (6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + O2). And in realit ...
... balance between the processes of photosynthesis and the decomposition of the biomass. According to the Le Chatelier’s Principle, our interference would lead to the strengthening of reverse reactions or to the intensification of the photosynthesis processes (6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + O2). And in realit ...
Matthew Banks, Senior Program Officer
... change related rewards in the marketplace, and companies taking responsibility • Society is going to demand more on climate from companies • Climate Savers leads companies to develop a guiding ethic/ business plan • An ethic = a committed vision declaring publicly how a company will deliver its resp ...
... change related rewards in the marketplace, and companies taking responsibility • Society is going to demand more on climate from companies • Climate Savers leads companies to develop a guiding ethic/ business plan • An ethic = a committed vision declaring publicly how a company will deliver its resp ...
Review of Population
... proportion to the complexity of their molecular structure and their abundance to the atmosphere. Human activities have increased the concentrations of many greenhouse gases well above their natural levels, raising world temperatures above what they would be (Engelman page 11). Greenhouse gases also ...
... proportion to the complexity of their molecular structure and their abundance to the atmosphere. Human activities have increased the concentrations of many greenhouse gases well above their natural levels, raising world temperatures above what they would be (Engelman page 11). Greenhouse gases also ...
Introduction - Department of Meteorology and Climate Science
... describing the behavior of natural phenomenon (originating from some observations) In a colloquial sense, the word theory is used to mean an idea that may or may not be true; a scientist would refer to this as a hypothesis. When a scientist uses the word theory, s/he means a hypothesis which has b ...
... describing the behavior of natural phenomenon (originating from some observations) In a colloquial sense, the word theory is used to mean an idea that may or may not be true; a scientist would refer to this as a hypothesis. When a scientist uses the word theory, s/he means a hypothesis which has b ...
Exxon`s 1982 In-House Climate Models Confirmed Global Warming
... Knisely, now 58 and a partner in a management consulting company, in a recent interview. Knisely projected that unless fossil fuel use was constrained, there would be "noticeable temperature changes" and 400 parts per million of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the air by 2010, up from about 280 ppm before t ...
... Knisely, now 58 and a partner in a management consulting company, in a recent interview. Knisely projected that unless fossil fuel use was constrained, there would be "noticeable temperature changes" and 400 parts per million of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the air by 2010, up from about 280 ppm before t ...
the big picture chapter 19 global change
... The bottle with the black paper will absorb and convert the light to heat very easily. The bottle with the white paper will reflect more of the light and therefore not get as warm. The black paper represents land, plants, and water. The white paper represents clouds, ice, and water that are reflecti ...
... The bottle with the black paper will absorb and convert the light to heat very easily. The bottle with the white paper will reflect more of the light and therefore not get as warm. The black paper represents land, plants, and water. The white paper represents clouds, ice, and water that are reflecti ...
Ethical Challenges of Climate Change
... • ‘The security dimension will come increasingly to the forefront as countries begin to see falls in available resources and economic vitality, increased stress on their armed forces, greater instability in regions of strategic import, increases in ethnic rivalries, and a widening gap between rich a ...
... • ‘The security dimension will come increasingly to the forefront as countries begin to see falls in available resources and economic vitality, increased stress on their armed forces, greater instability in regions of strategic import, increases in ethnic rivalries, and a widening gap between rich a ...
Document
... of policy obligation – energy firms and other emitters (livestock farmers, Fontera, meat processing firms?) ...
... of policy obligation – energy firms and other emitters (livestock farmers, Fontera, meat processing firms?) ...
Understanding Ocean and Earth System Science through models
... ▪Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and since the 1950s, many of the observed changes are unprecedented over decades to millennia. The atmosphere and ocean have warmed, the amounts of snow and ice have diminished, sea level has risen, and the concentraAons of greenhouse gases have increas ...
... ▪Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and since the 1950s, many of the observed changes are unprecedented over decades to millennia. The atmosphere and ocean have warmed, the amounts of snow and ice have diminished, sea level has risen, and the concentraAons of greenhouse gases have increas ...
Slide 1
... orbital change, a very weak forcing. 2. Chief mechanisms of Pleistocene climate change are GHGs & ice sheet area, as feedbacks. 3. Climate on long time scales is very sensitive to even small forcings. 4. Human-made forcings dwarf natural forcings that caused glacial-interglacial climate change. 5. H ...
... orbital change, a very weak forcing. 2. Chief mechanisms of Pleistocene climate change are GHGs & ice sheet area, as feedbacks. 3. Climate on long time scales is very sensitive to even small forcings. 4. Human-made forcings dwarf natural forcings that caused glacial-interglacial climate change. 5. H ...
The need for mitigation
... forests, vegetation or soils that can reabsorb CO2. Carbon dioxide is the largest contributing gas to the greenhouse effect. In the 200 years since 1800, levels have risen by over 30%. Since levels of greenhouse gases are currently rising even more steeply, leading to the most dramatic change in the ...
... forests, vegetation or soils that can reabsorb CO2. Carbon dioxide is the largest contributing gas to the greenhouse effect. In the 200 years since 1800, levels have risen by over 30%. Since levels of greenhouse gases are currently rising even more steeply, leading to the most dramatic change in the ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.