United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
... Given current concentrations and on-going emissions of greenhouse gases, it is likely that by the end of this century, the increase in global temperature will exceed 1.5°C compared to 1850 to 1900 for all but one scenario. The world’s oceans will warm and ice melt will continue. Average sea level ri ...
... Given current concentrations and on-going emissions of greenhouse gases, it is likely that by the end of this century, the increase in global temperature will exceed 1.5°C compared to 1850 to 1900 for all but one scenario. The world’s oceans will warm and ice melt will continue. Average sea level ri ...
SEVERE STORMS MAY BE THE “NEW
... such actions as may be necessary to monitor, assess, and evaluate the release or threat of release of hazardous substances.” 42 U.S.C. § 9601(22) (emphasis added). The congressional findings in support of the Clean Air Act specifically recite that “. . . [T]he growth in the amount and complexity of ...
... such actions as may be necessary to monitor, assess, and evaluate the release or threat of release of hazardous substances.” 42 U.S.C. § 9601(22) (emphasis added). The congressional findings in support of the Clean Air Act specifically recite that “. . . [T]he growth in the amount and complexity of ...
STERN REVIEW: The Economics of Climate Change
... take place over the next two to three decades, but it is still possible to protect our societies and economies from its impacts to some extent – for example, by providing better information, improved planning and more climate-resilient crops and infrastructure. Adaptation will cost tens of billions ...
... take place over the next two to three decades, but it is still possible to protect our societies and economies from its impacts to some extent – for example, by providing better information, improved planning and more climate-resilient crops and infrastructure. Adaptation will cost tens of billions ...
CLIMATE_NRE_480_L09_Coherent_Convergent_20160209
... Coherent and Convergent Evidence • There is evidence in both the physical climate system and ecosystems of systematic global warming. • This evidence shows correlated behavior through many systems. • Taken independently each piece could be challenged. • Taken together the evidence converges. – Cons ...
... Coherent and Convergent Evidence • There is evidence in both the physical climate system and ecosystems of systematic global warming. • This evidence shows correlated behavior through many systems. • Taken independently each piece could be challenged. • Taken together the evidence converges. – Cons ...
The Decline and Fall of Global Warming
... 1995 statement opens the possibility that this is wrong, when it says that climate models for changes in the greenhouse effect tend to produce too much warming “unless a lower climate sensitivity is used.” Assuming again that one-half of the observed warming (0.3°C) is from greenhouse changes, eithe ...
... 1995 statement opens the possibility that this is wrong, when it says that climate models for changes in the greenhouse effect tend to produce too much warming “unless a lower climate sensitivity is used.” Assuming again that one-half of the observed warming (0.3°C) is from greenhouse changes, eithe ...
ppt converted from keynote - Hans
... Soon could get as high as: 20 mm per year (about 6 feet in 100 years) ...
... Soon could get as high as: 20 mm per year (about 6 feet in 100 years) ...
Slide 1
... fuel producers to use at least 36 billion gallons of biofuel by 2022: 15 billion gallons as corn-ethanol, by 2015 16 billion gallons as cellulosic biofuel, by 2022 5 billion gallons as advanced biofuel, by 2022 • Life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from biofuel production will be regulated by ...
... fuel producers to use at least 36 billion gallons of biofuel by 2022: 15 billion gallons as corn-ethanol, by 2015 16 billion gallons as cellulosic biofuel, by 2022 5 billion gallons as advanced biofuel, by 2022 • Life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from biofuel production will be regulated by ...
Climate Leadership Statement
... in the power, potential, and imperative of higher education’s key role in shaping a sustainable society. Not only are we deeply concerned about the increasing pace and intensity of global climate change and the potential for unprecedented detrimental impacts, but we also understand that technology, ...
... in the power, potential, and imperative of higher education’s key role in shaping a sustainable society. Not only are we deeply concerned about the increasing pace and intensity of global climate change and the potential for unprecedented detrimental impacts, but we also understand that technology, ...
Transcript (in Word format)
... challenge. But we must also realize that climate change confronts us with extraordinary inequities. Put plainly, climate change is unfair. Consider who is responsible for the emissions. If you look only to the past, the answer seems clear: the industrialized countries. Nearly two-thirds of the green ...
... challenge. But we must also realize that climate change confronts us with extraordinary inequities. Put plainly, climate change is unfair. Consider who is responsible for the emissions. If you look only to the past, the answer seems clear: the industrialized countries. Nearly two-thirds of the green ...
BRIEFING NOTES ON CLIMATE SCIENCE AND CLIMATE CHANGE
... It will get warmer, but the exact climatic effects of the recent dramatic increase in CO2 are not certain. - So far we have seen an increase of 0.8C in the average surface temperature of the Earth since 1900, with melting in the Polar Regions and more frequent extreme weather. Simple calculations an ...
... It will get warmer, but the exact climatic effects of the recent dramatic increase in CO2 are not certain. - So far we have seen an increase of 0.8C in the average surface temperature of the Earth since 1900, with melting in the Polar Regions and more frequent extreme weather. Simple calculations an ...
GHG Inventory review - E-Learning Module
... Dynamic and Interactive Assessment of National, Regional, and Global Vulnerability of Coastal Zones to Climate Change and Sea-Level Rise ...
... Dynamic and Interactive Assessment of National, Regional, and Global Vulnerability of Coastal Zones to Climate Change and Sea-Level Rise ...
Scientific Heresy - Watts Up With That?
... I was not always such a ‘lukewarmer’. In the mid 2000s one image in particular played a big role in making me abandon my doubts about dangerous man-made climate change: the hockey stick. It clearly showed that something unprecedented was happening. I can remember where I first saw it at a conference ...
... I was not always such a ‘lukewarmer’. In the mid 2000s one image in particular played a big role in making me abandon my doubts about dangerous man-made climate change: the hockey stick. It clearly showed that something unprecedented was happening. I can remember where I first saw it at a conference ...
PDF
... variability in climate, including drought and • Improved general education and training. Particuweather extremes, imposes signifi cant costs on agrilarly in developing countries, a better-trained workforce has more employment options and is culture. While it is hard to know exactly how to better abl ...
... variability in climate, including drought and • Improved general education and training. Particuweather extremes, imposes signifi cant costs on agrilarly in developing countries, a better-trained workforce has more employment options and is culture. While it is hard to know exactly how to better abl ...
Introduction - Department of Meteorology and Climate Science
... – is a logically self-consistent explanation describing the behavior of natural phenomenon (originating from some observations) In a colloquial sense, the word theory is used to mean an idea that may or may not be true; a scientist would refer to this as a hypothesis. When a scientist uses the wor ...
... – is a logically self-consistent explanation describing the behavior of natural phenomenon (originating from some observations) In a colloquial sense, the word theory is used to mean an idea that may or may not be true; a scientist would refer to this as a hypothesis. When a scientist uses the wor ...
Short-Lived Climate Pollutants (SLCP) and their role in climate
... options for multiple environmental issues; (2) They can be influenced using existing regulations; (3) Their shorter lifetimes allow for some immediate relief, while the larger CO2 issue is being worked on; (4) Scientific insights on the workings of the climate system could be obtained by changes in ...
... options for multiple environmental issues; (2) They can be influenced using existing regulations; (3) Their shorter lifetimes allow for some immediate relief, while the larger CO2 issue is being worked on; (4) Scientific insights on the workings of the climate system could be obtained by changes in ...
research news - Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie
... Ice contains the air of the past in dissolved form or in tiny gas bubbles. Consequently, where ice has accumulated over thousands of years, climatologists can access an archive of historical greenhouse gas values. By analyzing the carbon dioxide content of Antarctic ice, scientists can see back up t ...
... Ice contains the air of the past in dissolved form or in tiny gas bubbles. Consequently, where ice has accumulated over thousands of years, climatologists can access an archive of historical greenhouse gas values. By analyzing the carbon dioxide content of Antarctic ice, scientists can see back up t ...
Reading Group Guide - Bloomsbury Publishing
... in a matter of decades, and Iceland—where there have been glaciers for at least the last two million years—will be virtually ice-free by the next century. Based on what you’ve read here and elsewhere, do you think this is all part of a natural warming cycle—a normal oscillation between ice ages and ...
... in a matter of decades, and Iceland—where there have been glaciers for at least the last two million years—will be virtually ice-free by the next century. Based on what you’ve read here and elsewhere, do you think this is all part of a natural warming cycle—a normal oscillation between ice ages and ...
Greenhouse Gases – A Primer
... livestock farming. U.S. methane emissions have spiked 30% since 2002 – precisely the era when fracking became mainstream.3 These activities account for 64% of total methane emissions.4 The main natural sources of methane include: wetlands, termites, and the oceans, all of which account for 36% of me ...
... livestock farming. U.S. methane emissions have spiked 30% since 2002 – precisely the era when fracking became mainstream.3 These activities account for 64% of total methane emissions.4 The main natural sources of methane include: wetlands, termites, and the oceans, all of which account for 36% of me ...
Document
... Impacts: forecast + policy uncertainty Challenge: Maintaining atmospheric concentrations below dangerous levels ...
... Impacts: forecast + policy uncertainty Challenge: Maintaining atmospheric concentrations below dangerous levels ...
Anthropogenic Global Warming: A Skeptical Point of View
... called “feedbacks” which exist in the the lack of recent climate system. These feedbacks, both (150 – 200 years) positive and negative, are processes which volcanic activity arise from non-linear forcing in the may be contributing climate system, within a sub-system, or some to the current occurring ...
... called “feedbacks” which exist in the the lack of recent climate system. These feedbacks, both (150 – 200 years) positive and negative, are processes which volcanic activity arise from non-linear forcing in the may be contributing climate system, within a sub-system, or some to the current occurring ...
Climate Change
... The IPCC also says that whilst it can be difficult to tell what climate change is natural and what is attributable to humans. However, it is clear that warming trends are unlikely to be entirely natural. Scientists are cautious in implying too much from limited data, but the IPCC states that the ‘ba ...
... The IPCC also says that whilst it can be difficult to tell what climate change is natural and what is attributable to humans. However, it is clear that warming trends are unlikely to be entirely natural. Scientists are cautious in implying too much from limited data, but the IPCC states that the ‘ba ...
Document
... deployment of succeeding generations of a suite of technologies over the century ahead. Stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations means that the largest changes to the global energy system are in the second half of the 21st century. Stabilizing the concentration of greenhouse gases require a cr ...
... deployment of succeeding generations of a suite of technologies over the century ahead. Stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations means that the largest changes to the global energy system are in the second half of the 21st century. Stabilizing the concentration of greenhouse gases require a cr ...
Paris Climate Accord Implementation: United States
... published a rule mandating the reporting of greenhouse gases from sources that emit significant amounts of carbon dioxide per year in the U.S. This greenhouse gas reporting rule affects an estimated 8,000 facilities, including large stationary sources, that produce roughly 85 to 90 percent of the to ...
... published a rule mandating the reporting of greenhouse gases from sources that emit significant amounts of carbon dioxide per year in the U.S. This greenhouse gas reporting rule affects an estimated 8,000 facilities, including large stationary sources, that produce roughly 85 to 90 percent of the to ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.