WHY ? Do we need better emission estimations and projections?
... To what extent do we need to harmonise choices of methodologies in the EU? ...
... To what extent do we need to harmonise choices of methodologies in the EU? ...
IowaLegisl4 - Department of Geological & Atmospheric Sciences
... Change Assessment Program Linda O. Mearns, National Center for Atmospheric Research ...
... Change Assessment Program Linda O. Mearns, National Center for Atmospheric Research ...
the Word document - LDC Group at UN climate change
... 5. Geo-engineering techniques and the many uncertainties surrounding them especially regarding effects on physical climate system, biogeochemical cycles, possible impacts on human and natural systems, effectiveness and costs as well as long term commitment; 6. End-to-end research on global warming a ...
... 5. Geo-engineering techniques and the many uncertainties surrounding them especially regarding effects on physical climate system, biogeochemical cycles, possible impacts on human and natural systems, effectiveness and costs as well as long term commitment; 6. End-to-end research on global warming a ...
Current Program Development: EPA`s Climate Leaders
... CA auto efficiency, OR power plant CO2 mitigation, ...
... CA auto efficiency, OR power plant CO2 mitigation, ...
this PDF file - European Scientific Journal
... radiation within the thermal infrared range. This process is the fundamental cause of greenhouse effect. The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere are water vapour, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide, and ozone. Greenhouse gases greatly affect the temperature of the Eart ...
... radiation within the thermal infrared range. This process is the fundamental cause of greenhouse effect. The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere are water vapour, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide, and ozone. Greenhouse gases greatly affect the temperature of the Eart ...
Climate scenarios - cleoresearch.se
... Short description of activities 2011: Generally, the data from climate models (temperature, precipitation, etc.) have systematical errors (bias) that need to be corrected before the data can be used in impact assessment. The correction required may be analysed by comparing climate model data with ob ...
... Short description of activities 2011: Generally, the data from climate models (temperature, precipitation, etc.) have systematical errors (bias) that need to be corrected before the data can be used in impact assessment. The correction required may be analysed by comparing climate model data with ob ...
Helping SE Communities Think about Climate Change and Adaptation
... account for future sea-level rise. • The planners assessed what could be easily and inexpensively changed later, vs those things that would be more difficult and expensive to change later. So increased the plant’s height, but will build protective barriers when ...
... account for future sea-level rise. • The planners assessed what could be easily and inexpensively changed later, vs those things that would be more difficult and expensive to change later. So increased the plant’s height, but will build protective barriers when ...
Trade implications of the Kyoto Protocol
... justify their procurement schemes as the leasttrade-restrictive way to achieve the environmental goal in question. This would be a high hurdle to clear. The AGPat this point has only been signed by a dozen or so countries, but they include the EC, Japan and the United States. Ecolabels Governments m ...
... justify their procurement schemes as the leasttrade-restrictive way to achieve the environmental goal in question. This would be a high hurdle to clear. The AGPat this point has only been signed by a dozen or so countries, but they include the EC, Japan and the United States. Ecolabels Governments m ...
AEE newsletter March 00 - Association of Energy Engineers | New
... global warming is a tragic fate" because "they learn from a young age they have no effect on anything." This indifference has global consequences. According to Greenpeace Russia, worldwide carbon-dioxide emissions would be slashed by 3 per cent if Soviet-era, gas-fired power plants were brought up t ...
... global warming is a tragic fate" because "they learn from a young age they have no effect on anything." This indifference has global consequences. According to Greenpeace Russia, worldwide carbon-dioxide emissions would be slashed by 3 per cent if Soviet-era, gas-fired power plants were brought up t ...
PDF
... The need for adaptation presents a number of challenges to the agricultural system, including the following: • Climate change may eventually dampen crop and livestock yields and alter yield growth rates. Research investments may need to be increasingly devoted to maintaining productivity at a site ...
... The need for adaptation presents a number of challenges to the agricultural system, including the following: • Climate change may eventually dampen crop and livestock yields and alter yield growth rates. Research investments may need to be increasingly devoted to maintaining productivity at a site ...
Ice Age Coming Now
... though the global surface temperature is colder than –21°C. At tropical latitudes, incident solar radiation is sufficient to keep the ocean from freezing. Although this thermal oasis within an otherwise icebound Earth appears to be stable, further calculations with an interactive ocean would be need ...
... though the global surface temperature is colder than –21°C. At tropical latitudes, incident solar radiation is sufficient to keep the ocean from freezing. Although this thermal oasis within an otherwise icebound Earth appears to be stable, further calculations with an interactive ocean would be need ...
title header
... • The Technology Mechanism created in Cancun a) fully operational in 2012. b) goal is to sharpen the focus, step up the pace, expand the scope and quality of adaptation and mitigation technology ...
... • The Technology Mechanism created in Cancun a) fully operational in 2012. b) goal is to sharpen the focus, step up the pace, expand the scope and quality of adaptation and mitigation technology ...
D o w n to Ea rth A symbol of optimism
... looking to secure a reliable income during their retirement. They are investing for the long term. The problem with fossil fuels like coal, gas and oil is that burning them adds carbon dioxide to the atmosphere and causes climate change. To keep global warming below a 2 degree increase above pre-ind ...
... looking to secure a reliable income during their retirement. They are investing for the long term. The problem with fossil fuels like coal, gas and oil is that burning them adds carbon dioxide to the atmosphere and causes climate change. To keep global warming below a 2 degree increase above pre-ind ...
Climate Change - Tufts Office of Sustainability
... The Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change strengthens the international response to climate change. Adopted by consensus at the third session of the Conference of the Parties (COP-3) in December 1997, it contains new emissions targets for Annex I (developed) cou ...
... The Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change strengthens the international response to climate change. Adopted by consensus at the third session of the Conference of the Parties (COP-3) in December 1997, it contains new emissions targets for Annex I (developed) cou ...
Slide 1 - climateknowledge.org
... • Extremes offer an opportunity for communication – Grab people’s attention – Costly – extreme events have been and will be responsible for great cost – Draw a lot of people into science classes ...
... • Extremes offer an opportunity for communication – Grab people’s attention – Costly – extreme events have been and will be responsible for great cost – Draw a lot of people into science classes ...
Detection and attribution of climate change for the
... Change – a scientific challenge with societal significance For the societal debate, at least in the west, there are several questions, which need scientific answers, of significance: a) Is there a change ? What are the dominant causes for such a chance, and what are the expectations fo the future? ...
... Change – a scientific challenge with societal significance For the societal debate, at least in the west, there are several questions, which need scientific answers, of significance: a) Is there a change ? What are the dominant causes for such a chance, and what are the expectations fo the future? ...
Impact of Climate Change on the Arab World
... ▫ Higher temperatures reduce dissolved oxygen levels ▫ Reduced streamflow and lake levels less dilution of pollutants; ▫ Increased frequency and intensity of rainfall more pollution and sedimentation due to increased runoff ...
... ▫ Higher temperatures reduce dissolved oxygen levels ▫ Reduced streamflow and lake levels less dilution of pollutants; ▫ Increased frequency and intensity of rainfall more pollution and sedimentation due to increased runoff ...
Climate change and cities
... The scientists expect that the average global temperature of the Earth surface could increase by 1.8 – 4.5 oC by 2100. The warming will lead to increased evaporation and subsequently to increasing average global precipitation. Soil humidity will decrease in many regions and intensive rainy storms wi ...
... The scientists expect that the average global temperature of the Earth surface could increase by 1.8 – 4.5 oC by 2100. The warming will lead to increased evaporation and subsequently to increasing average global precipitation. Soil humidity will decrease in many regions and intensive rainy storms wi ...
Global Climate Change: Is International Agreement Possible?
... This course will address the current state of international negotiations to reach an agreement within the context of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to replace the Kyoto Protocol (which expires in 2012). In order to understand the difficulty of reaching agreement o ...
... This course will address the current state of international negotiations to reach an agreement within the context of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to replace the Kyoto Protocol (which expires in 2012). In order to understand the difficulty of reaching agreement o ...
Climate change – global warming
... A graph depicting CO2 levels from 1958 to 2009 as measured at Mauna Loa, Hawaii. Year is on the x-axis, atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration (in parts per million) is on the y-axis. The cause for the yearly rise and fall is the annual cycle of plant respiration. The cause of the increasing trend ...
... A graph depicting CO2 levels from 1958 to 2009 as measured at Mauna Loa, Hawaii. Year is on the x-axis, atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration (in parts per million) is on the y-axis. The cause for the yearly rise and fall is the annual cycle of plant respiration. The cause of the increasing trend ...
Global Warming`s Terrifying New Math
... atmosphere by midcentury and still have some reasonable hope of staying below two degrees. ("Reasonable," in this case, means four chances in five, or somewhat worse odds than playing Russian roulette with a six-shooter.) This idea of a global "carbon budget" emerged about a decade ago, as scientist ...
... atmosphere by midcentury and still have some reasonable hope of staying below two degrees. ("Reasonable," in this case, means four chances in five, or somewhat worse odds than playing Russian roulette with a six-shooter.) This idea of a global "carbon budget" emerged about a decade ago, as scientist ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.