Building Resilience for Adaptation to Climate Change in the Agriculture Sector
... issue whether diversity enhances resilience and adaptive capacity and whether there is a trade-off between diversity and efficiency. It was found that there is no trade-off in land use diversity and resource use efficiency – and in fact there are even cases of positive correlation between diversity ...
... issue whether diversity enhances resilience and adaptive capacity and whether there is a trade-off between diversity and efficiency. It was found that there is no trade-off in land use diversity and resource use efficiency – and in fact there are even cases of positive correlation between diversity ...
The Impact of Climate Change on Montana`s Outdoor Economy
... is especially true for western Montana where precipitation will be 5-10 percent lower in the summer and 10-15 percent higher in the winter. Because Montana is predicted to warm in the winter, less precipitation will fall during the winter as snow and more will come in the form of rain. Because Monta ...
... is especially true for western Montana where precipitation will be 5-10 percent lower in the summer and 10-15 percent higher in the winter. Because Montana is predicted to warm in the winter, less precipitation will fall during the winter as snow and more will come in the form of rain. Because Monta ...
Building Climate Resilience in the Agriculture Sector of Asia and the
... Figure 3.5: World Prices of Major Livestock Products in 2000 and 2050 Figure 3.6: World Prices of Major Grains in 2000 and 2050 Figure 3.7: Net Cereal Trade in 2000 and 2050 Figure 3.8: Daily Per Capita Calorie Availability in 2000 and 2050 Figure 3.9: Total Number of Malnourished Children in the PR ...
... Figure 3.5: World Prices of Major Livestock Products in 2000 and 2050 Figure 3.6: World Prices of Major Grains in 2000 and 2050 Figure 3.7: Net Cereal Trade in 2000 and 2050 Figure 3.8: Daily Per Capita Calorie Availability in 2000 and 2050 Figure 3.9: Total Number of Malnourished Children in the PR ...
Review of Current and Planned Adaptation Action: Central America
... Inter-annual climate variability is highly influenced by movement of the ITCZ and the El Niño Southern Oscillation, the latter of which is the main cause of regional droughts. Over the last 50 years, temperature increases of about 0.2° to 0.3°C per decade have been observed, along with an increase i ...
... Inter-annual climate variability is highly influenced by movement of the ITCZ and the El Niño Southern Oscillation, the latter of which is the main cause of regional droughts. Over the last 50 years, temperature increases of about 0.2° to 0.3°C per decade have been observed, along with an increase i ...
Climate Change Issues for the Cayman Islands
... Map 16 Buildings Affected by 0.25m-increment Sea-Level Rises, Grand Cayman ............................ 85 Map 17 Building Values Affected by 0.25m-increment Sea-Level Rises, Grand Cayman ................. 86 Map 18 Overlay of 2 metre Sea-Level Rise on the Cayman Islands ............................ ...
... Map 16 Buildings Affected by 0.25m-increment Sea-Level Rises, Grand Cayman ............................ 85 Map 17 Building Values Affected by 0.25m-increment Sea-Level Rises, Grand Cayman ................. 86 Map 18 Overlay of 2 metre Sea-Level Rise on the Cayman Islands ............................ ...
CLIMATE CHANGE AND TOURISM
... number reaches US$ 1.1 trillion, or over US$ 3 billion a day (UNWTO, 2009). According to the projections of the United Nations World Tourism Organization, the number of international arrivals is expected to reach 1.6 billion by 2020 (UNWTO, 2001). In other words, assuming international tourism only ...
... number reaches US$ 1.1 trillion, or over US$ 3 billion a day (UNWTO, 2009). According to the projections of the United Nations World Tourism Organization, the number of international arrivals is expected to reach 1.6 billion by 2020 (UNWTO, 2001). In other words, assuming international tourism only ...
Vulnerability Index to climate change in the Latin
... highest adaptive capacity risks also have the lowest GDPs per capita within the region, any shocks to their economies are likely to significantly impact on prospects for building resilience, alleviating poverty and achieving stable and sustainable economic growth. ——Agriculturally dependent Mesoamer ...
... highest adaptive capacity risks also have the lowest GDPs per capita within the region, any shocks to their economies are likely to significantly impact on prospects for building resilience, alleviating poverty and achieving stable and sustainable economic growth. ——Agriculturally dependent Mesoamer ...
Climate Change: Costs and Benefits of the
... Attempts to estimate household effects (or other fine-grained analyses) are fraught with numerous difficulties that reflect more on the philosophies and assumptions of the cases reviewed than on any credible future effect. ...
... Attempts to estimate household effects (or other fine-grained analyses) are fraught with numerous difficulties that reflect more on the philosophies and assumptions of the cases reviewed than on any credible future effect. ...
South Asia - International Institute for Sustainable Development
... Climate Vulnerability Over the past several decades, South Asian countries have become increasingly prone to weatherrelated threats that previously had not been experienced at a regional scale, and have witnessed an increase in the intensity and frequency of extreme weather events. In addition, risi ...
... Climate Vulnerability Over the past several decades, South Asian countries have become increasingly prone to weatherrelated threats that previously had not been experienced at a regional scale, and have witnessed an increase in the intensity and frequency of extreme weather events. In addition, risi ...
Policy Implications of Warming Permafrost
... (IPCC) may consider preparing a special assessment report on how CO2 and methane emissions from thawing permafrost would influence global climate to support climate change policy discussions and treaty negotiations. All climate projections in the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, due for release in 2013 ...
... (IPCC) may consider preparing a special assessment report on how CO2 and methane emissions from thawing permafrost would influence global climate to support climate change policy discussions and treaty negotiations. All climate projections in the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, due for release in 2013 ...
TowARD ReSiLienCe
... principles for effective programming and advocacy to build resilience in each sector. Chapter 5 explains the value of incorporating measures to reduce disaster and climate change risk in interventions in four challenging contexts for development and humanitarian work: conflict settings; early recove ...
... principles for effective programming and advocacy to build resilience in each sector. Chapter 5 explains the value of incorporating measures to reduce disaster and climate change risk in interventions in four challenging contexts for development and humanitarian work: conflict settings; early recove ...
ORGANIZATIONAL INVOLVEMENT IN CARBON MITIGATION: THE NEW ZEALAND PUBLIC SECTOR Stephen Jeffrey Birchall
... programme Senior Fellow Ian Mason, and fellow PhD candidate Maya Murphy, for their continued support throughout this experience, with particular thanks to Markus for his thorough review of my draft chapters. I would also like to thank the Department of Accounting and Information Systems and the Univ ...
... programme Senior Fellow Ian Mason, and fellow PhD candidate Maya Murphy, for their continued support throughout this experience, with particular thanks to Markus for his thorough review of my draft chapters. I would also like to thank the Department of Accounting and Information Systems and the Univ ...
Chapters X and XI: Appendices and Bibliography
... threshold that a growing number of political leaders have stated their intention to avoid.3171 At the high end, scenario A1FI results in even higher climate forcing by 2100 than A2 or A1B.3172 Mid-2000s global emissions of CO2 exceeded even the A1FI scenario.3173 Downscaled Climate Models Note: Whil ...
... threshold that a growing number of political leaders have stated their intention to avoid.3171 At the high end, scenario A1FI results in even higher climate forcing by 2100 than A2 or A1B.3172 Mid-2000s global emissions of CO2 exceeded even the A1FI scenario.3173 Downscaled Climate Models Note: Whil ...
Effects of a changing climate on peatlands in permafrost
... of dry peat. Carbon content was calculated as the product of C concentration, peat bulk density, and sample increment thickness. Peat C storage was defined as the product of C content and area of peatland in a landscape. Carbon dioxide sequestration was defined as short-term (annual to decadal) bala ...
... of dry peat. Carbon content was calculated as the product of C concentration, peat bulk density, and sample increment thickness. Peat C storage was defined as the product of C content and area of peatland in a landscape. Carbon dioxide sequestration was defined as short-term (annual to decadal) bala ...
8 — Urban Areas - Climate Change 2014 Synthesis Report
... Urban climate change risks, vulnerabilities, and impacts are increasing across the world in urban centers of all sizes, economic conditions, and site characteristics. {8.2} Urban climate change-related risks are increasing (including rising sea levels and storm surges, heat stress, extreme precipita ...
... Urban climate change risks, vulnerabilities, and impacts are increasing across the world in urban centers of all sizes, economic conditions, and site characteristics. {8.2} Urban climate change-related risks are increasing (including rising sea levels and storm surges, heat stress, extreme precipita ...
Free version - Derek Lemoine
... through a climate sensitivity parameter that represents the equilibrium warming from doubling CO2 . The value of 3◦ C used in DICE is inferred from climate models that hold land ice sheets and most methane stocks constant. We represent a climate feedback tipping point as increasing climate sensitivi ...
... through a climate sensitivity parameter that represents the equilibrium warming from doubling CO2 . The value of 3◦ C used in DICE is inferred from climate models that hold land ice sheets and most methane stocks constant. We represent a climate feedback tipping point as increasing climate sensitivi ...
A Study of Climate Monitoring Capabilities in Newfoundland and
... monitoring are the actual climate measurements. To this end, the needs, and present monitoring coverage in place for terrestrial, coastal, and marine climate variables were presented. The climate station inventory was used to visualize the monitoring coverage and record length of active and historic ...
... monitoring are the actual climate measurements. To this end, the needs, and present monitoring coverage in place for terrestrial, coastal, and marine climate variables were presented. The climate station inventory was used to visualize the monitoring coverage and record length of active and historic ...
Canada`s Sixth National Report on Climate Change 2014
... electricity generation plants. Moreover, Canada’s per capita emissions are at a historic low of 20.4 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2 eq) per person—their lowest level since tracking began in 1990. Canada has also demonstrated progress in decoupling emissions growth from economic growth. Sin ...
... electricity generation plants. Moreover, Canada’s per capita emissions are at a historic low of 20.4 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2 eq) per person—their lowest level since tracking began in 1990. Canada has also demonstrated progress in decoupling emissions growth from economic growth. Sin ...
The making of a riskier future: How our decisions are
... disaster losses are attributed to development occurring in hazardous areas (Bouwer et al. 2007). Concentrations of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere have risen in recent decades due to human activity, and recent years have seen extreme temperatures, and extremely damaging floods and cyclones. However ...
... disaster losses are attributed to development occurring in hazardous areas (Bouwer et al. 2007). Concentrations of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere have risen in recent decades due to human activity, and recent years have seen extreme temperatures, and extremely damaging floods and cyclones. However ...
Preparing for a Changing Climate in Northern Ireland
... priority themes of Economic Competitiveness, Equality and Community Cohesion and Better Public Services. 5. Produce a technical report of climate impacts for use by policy experts. In addition, a separate non-technical summary report has been produced. ...
... priority themes of Economic Competitiveness, Equality and Community Cohesion and Better Public Services. 5. Produce a technical report of climate impacts for use by policy experts. In addition, a separate non-technical summary report has been produced. ...
Climate driven changes to malaria transmission patterns in
... populated African highlands. In this chapter we intend to validate the existing African malaria Suitability index for Ethiopian conditions in order to study potential shifts in the epidemiology of malaria with past and predicted warming. With a modified suitability index for Ethiopia, we estimate t ...
... populated African highlands. In this chapter we intend to validate the existing African malaria Suitability index for Ethiopian conditions in order to study potential shifts in the epidemiology of malaria with past and predicted warming. With a modified suitability index for Ethiopia, we estimate t ...
PDF
... Isola di San Giorgio Maggiore 30124 Venice Italy E-mail: [email protected] The opinions expressed in this paper do not necessarily reflect the position of ...
... Isola di San Giorgio Maggiore 30124 Venice Italy E-mail: [email protected] The opinions expressed in this paper do not necessarily reflect the position of ...
climate change and african forest and wildlife resources
... African eco-zones. And more recently climate change has become the topical issue in forestry and other circles. Climate change and forests are related in functional and structural ways. Carbon sequestration increases in growing forests, a process that positively influences the level of green house g ...
... African eco-zones. And more recently climate change has become the topical issue in forestry and other circles. Climate change and forests are related in functional and structural ways. Carbon sequestration increases in growing forests, a process that positively influences the level of green house g ...
Full-Text PDF
... basins [34]. Lu et al., found that the rate of precipitation trend has increased with altitude under 2000 m [35]. The precipitation trend in the TP could be divided into several periods and the rate in different periods differed greatly. The TP was rainy during 1985–1991 and 1998–2001, and rainless ...
... basins [34]. Lu et al., found that the rate of precipitation trend has increased with altitude under 2000 m [35]. The precipitation trend in the TP could be divided into several periods and the rate in different periods differed greatly. The TP was rainy during 1985–1991 and 1998–2001, and rainless ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.