Regional Climate Messages for East Africa
... Future projections of temperature change show significant increases across the region. The largest increases in temperature are projected for central and northern regions. Projected increases in average annual temperatures range from no change to 4°C by 2050, though model projections are subject to ...
... Future projections of temperature change show significant increases across the region. The largest increases in temperature are projected for central and northern regions. Projected increases in average annual temperatures range from no change to 4°C by 2050, though model projections are subject to ...
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... to the West. Results from a series of spatial equilibrium model analyses suggest that climate change is not a food security issue for the United States. However, regional adjustments in agricultural production and associated resource use are expected. This implies additional pressure in rural commun ...
... to the West. Results from a series of spatial equilibrium model analyses suggest that climate change is not a food security issue for the United States. However, regional adjustments in agricultural production and associated resource use are expected. This implies additional pressure in rural commun ...
Northern Alaska is warming
... Chukchi, and Beaufort seas already affect the coasts during much of the year. Increasing storm activity in autumn in recent years has delayed or prevented barge operations that supply coastal communities with fuel. Commercial fishing fleets and other marine traffic are also strongly affected by Beri ...
... Chukchi, and Beaufort seas already affect the coasts during much of the year. Increasing storm activity in autumn in recent years has delayed or prevented barge operations that supply coastal communities with fuel. Commercial fishing fleets and other marine traffic are also strongly affected by Beri ...
Climate Change Impacts on U.S. Coastal and Marine Ecosystems
... 2000; NAST 2001). Even if greenhouse gas emissions are stabilized, the rate of sea-level rise will likely continue to increase beyond 2100 because of the time it takes for oceans and ice sheets to approach equilibrium conditions with the atmosphere. Regional differences in land movement and impacts ...
... 2000; NAST 2001). Even if greenhouse gas emissions are stabilized, the rate of sea-level rise will likely continue to increase beyond 2100 because of the time it takes for oceans and ice sheets to approach equilibrium conditions with the atmosphere. Regional differences in land movement and impacts ...
Climate change impacts on Australian Rangelands
... stocking rates to seasonal variation in forage production will build in some automatic tracking of trends in climate change. Many of the options that provide gradual adaptations are similar to management adjustments that pastoralists routinely make in tracking market and technology trends and are li ...
... stocking rates to seasonal variation in forage production will build in some automatic tracking of trends in climate change. Many of the options that provide gradual adaptations are similar to management adjustments that pastoralists routinely make in tracking market and technology trends and are li ...
Bird Species and Climate Change
... breeding grounds sufficiently to track availability of their prey, i.e. insects, which may peak earlier due to climatic warming. This exposes long-distance migratory birds to a greater climate change threat than resident birds. In the Netherlands, this mismatch has led to declines of up to 90 per ce ...
... breeding grounds sufficiently to track availability of their prey, i.e. insects, which may peak earlier due to climatic warming. This exposes long-distance migratory birds to a greater climate change threat than resident birds. In the Netherlands, this mismatch has led to declines of up to 90 per ce ...
“It is getting cooler” “the warming has stopped”
... 2. The Middle Ages were warmer. 3. Ice core data shows that CO2 rises before the temperature does. 4. The extra CO2 is not from fossil fuels. 5. CO2 makes up a very small proportion of the atmosphere. 6. Water vapour is a more important greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide. 7. The warming is caused by ...
... 2. The Middle Ages were warmer. 3. Ice core data shows that CO2 rises before the temperature does. 4. The extra CO2 is not from fossil fuels. 5. CO2 makes up a very small proportion of the atmosphere. 6. Water vapour is a more important greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide. 7. The warming is caused by ...
An Overview of Motor Vehicles, Manufacture, Insurance and Climate
... but also because of a lack of investment in transport infrastructure. Transport policy and investment is likely to focus everywhere on local affordability, congestion, safety and pollution issues as much as concern for CO2 emissions. A major factor is that urbanisation in the last century has been r ...
... but also because of a lack of investment in transport infrastructure. Transport policy and investment is likely to focus everywhere on local affordability, congestion, safety and pollution issues as much as concern for CO2 emissions. A major factor is that urbanisation in the last century has been r ...
Updating the World on the Latest Climate Science
... from fossil fuel burning, cement production and land use change (mainly deforestation) were 27% higher than in the year 1990 (Le Quéré et al. 2009). Of this combined total, the CO2 emissions from fossil fuel burning and cement production were 40% higher in 2008 compared to 1990. The global rate of i ...
... from fossil fuel burning, cement production and land use change (mainly deforestation) were 27% higher than in the year 1990 (Le Quéré et al. 2009). Of this combined total, the CO2 emissions from fossil fuel burning and cement production were 40% higher in 2008 compared to 1990. The global rate of i ...
Radiative forcing of climate by historical land cover change
... [19] This study demonstrates that historical land cover change has had a significant radiative effect on global climate over the past three centuries. All model runs show a cooling associated with land cover change, both in global averages, and as amplified locally by positive feedbacks. In the equi ...
... [19] This study demonstrates that historical land cover change has had a significant radiative effect on global climate over the past three centuries. All model runs show a cooling associated with land cover change, both in global averages, and as amplified locally by positive feedbacks. In the equi ...
Complementary explanation of temperature response in the lower
... from ERA-Interim reanalysis and climate models for the period 1979–1999. We have chosen this period because it is the overlap in temporal coverage between the ERA-Interim reanalysis and the CMIP3 20th century climate model runs. Over the latter half of the 20th century Tmin increased more rapidly th ...
... from ERA-Interim reanalysis and climate models for the period 1979–1999. We have chosen this period because it is the overlap in temporal coverage between the ERA-Interim reanalysis and the CMIP3 20th century climate model runs. Over the latter half of the 20th century Tmin increased more rapidly th ...
Consequences of Global Warming of 1.5 °C and 2 °C for Regional
... 32 models (S1 Text) and includes surface air temperature (S1 File) and precipitation data (S2 File) from historical and two RCP (RCP4.5, RCP8.5) simulations. The simulations over the historical period (1880-2005) are compared against gridded observations: Climate Research Unit Time Series (CRU TS ve ...
... 32 models (S1 Text) and includes surface air temperature (S1 File) and precipitation data (S2 File) from historical and two RCP (RCP4.5, RCP8.5) simulations. The simulations over the historical period (1880-2005) are compared against gridded observations: Climate Research Unit Time Series (CRU TS ve ...
TIEE Global Temperature Change in the 21 Century ISSUES : DATA SET
... concentrations of greenhouse gases could of course have profound implications for agriculture, human health, natural resources, and a host of other areas of ecological and social importance. To anticipate these effects, we must first anticipate the details of projected changes in climate. For exampl ...
... concentrations of greenhouse gases could of course have profound implications for agriculture, human health, natural resources, and a host of other areas of ecological and social importance. To anticipate these effects, we must first anticipate the details of projected changes in climate. For exampl ...
Communicating climate change and health in the media
... the health impacts due to climate change in peer-reviewed scientific publications has also increased over the past 25 years [9]. The growing research in this area may indicate the transmission of scientific knowledge to the general public through media channels. This is particularly true of the Fren ...
... the health impacts due to climate change in peer-reviewed scientific publications has also increased over the past 25 years [9]. The growing research in this area may indicate the transmission of scientific knowledge to the general public through media channels. This is particularly true of the Fren ...
Although cities often are touted as climate change policy leaders, a
... many lagging or faltering. As the recent Supreme Court decision on Obama’s climate regulations have illustrated, climate action at the national level in the US is a fraught affair. US cities often are touted as leading on climate, however — or at least some of them are. Ann W. Foss and Jeff Howard a ...
... many lagging or faltering. As the recent Supreme Court decision on Obama’s climate regulations have illustrated, climate action at the national level in the US is a fraught affair. US cities often are touted as leading on climate, however — or at least some of them are. Ann W. Foss and Jeff Howard a ...
The Carbon Dioxide Greenhouse Effect
... Arrhenius completed a laborious numerical computation which suggested that cutting the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere by half could lower the temperature in Europe some 4-5°C (roughly 7-9°F) — that is, to an ice age level. But this idea could only answer the riddle of the ice ages if such large cha ...
... Arrhenius completed a laborious numerical computation which suggested that cutting the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere by half could lower the temperature in Europe some 4-5°C (roughly 7-9°F) — that is, to an ice age level. But this idea could only answer the riddle of the ice ages if such large cha ...
Atmospheric circulation as a source of uncertainty in climate change
... the entire globe for 30-year projections1,8. And even surface temperature can show large variability when considered over particular seasons and regions21. The regional coherence of this circulationrelated variability has implications for climate impacts21. According to the Intergovernmental Panel o ...
... the entire globe for 30-year projections1,8. And even surface temperature can show large variability when considered over particular seasons and regions21. The regional coherence of this circulationrelated variability has implications for climate impacts21. According to the Intergovernmental Panel o ...
Climate Change and Social Movements
... climate change is a simple product of pressure by organized environmental activists. Climate change is unusual among environmental issues in that it was not placed on the agenda by environmental movements or NGOs but by scientists, who by the 1970s had begun to notice a sustained rise in average glo ...
... climate change is a simple product of pressure by organized environmental activists. Climate change is unusual among environmental issues in that it was not placed on the agenda by environmental movements or NGOs but by scientists, who by the 1970s had begun to notice a sustained rise in average glo ...
Significant Climate Mitigation Is Available from Bio
... could store up to 9.5 [GtC or 34.83 GtCO2-eq.] per year—more than emitted by all of today’s fossilfuel use,” which is 8.4 GtC or 30.8 GtCO2-eq.2 Such soil sequestration schemes have the potential to be implemented quickly and at scale in developing countries.3 Bio-char application to soil also reduc ...
... could store up to 9.5 [GtC or 34.83 GtCO2-eq.] per year—more than emitted by all of today’s fossilfuel use,” which is 8.4 GtC or 30.8 GtCO2-eq.2 Such soil sequestration schemes have the potential to be implemented quickly and at scale in developing countries.3 Bio-char application to soil also reduc ...
The Carbon Dioxide Greenhouse Effect
... Arrhenius completed a laborious numerical computation which suggested that cutting the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere by half could lower the temperature in Europe some 4-5°C (roughly 7-9°F) — that is, to an ice age level. But this idea could only answer the riddle of the ice ages if such large cha ...
... Arrhenius completed a laborious numerical computation which suggested that cutting the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere by half could lower the temperature in Europe some 4-5°C (roughly 7-9°F) — that is, to an ice age level. But this idea could only answer the riddle of the ice ages if such large cha ...
Document
... operations - including emissions from aircraft; the ground equipment that services aircraft; and the vehicles that transport passengers to, from, and within airport grounds. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), aviation activities result in the emission of pollutants that account ...
... operations - including emissions from aircraft; the ground equipment that services aircraft; and the vehicles that transport passengers to, from, and within airport grounds. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), aviation activities result in the emission of pollutants that account ...
The AMS Education Program - Geological Society of America
... Faculty offer AMS Climate Studies in year following DC workshop attendance Invited to second workshop at AMS Annual Meeting the following year to report back the results of their work ...
... Faculty offer AMS Climate Studies in year following DC workshop attendance Invited to second workshop at AMS Annual Meeting the following year to report back the results of their work ...
BCC Syllabus
... At the end of this training session, learners will be able to: • Explain the need for and utility of models, their limitations, and the role of uncertainty • Describe the structure, inputs, and outputs of climate models • Explain the components of climate models, including climate feedback mechanism ...
... At the end of this training session, learners will be able to: • Explain the need for and utility of models, their limitations, and the role of uncertainty • Describe the structure, inputs, and outputs of climate models • Explain the components of climate models, including climate feedback mechanism ...
The Copenhagen Diagnosis - Climate Change Research Centre
... from fossil fuel burning, cement production and land use change (mainly deforestation) were 27% higher than in the year 1990 (Le Quéré et al. 2009). Of this combined total, the CO2 emissions from fossil fuel burning and cement production were 40% higher in 2008 compared to 1990. The global rate of i ...
... from fossil fuel burning, cement production and land use change (mainly deforestation) were 27% higher than in the year 1990 (Le Quéré et al. 2009). Of this combined total, the CO2 emissions from fossil fuel burning and cement production were 40% higher in 2008 compared to 1990. The global rate of i ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.