High Speed Rail aff – DDI 2012 KM
... I've always wanted to hate contrails, the "condensation trails" streaming out from behind jets. They're man-made. They force lines on nature, which knows no lines. They arise out of pollution, and they generate visual pollution—aircraft graffiti that can erase blue from the sky and light from the su ...
... I've always wanted to hate contrails, the "condensation trails" streaming out from behind jets. They're man-made. They force lines on nature, which knows no lines. They arise out of pollution, and they generate visual pollution—aircraft graffiti that can erase blue from the sky and light from the su ...
Abrupt Climate Change - University of California San Diego
... to underestimate the size and extent of clidifferent, persistent states akin to those implimate response to threshold crossings (34). cated in the DO oscillation; however, proThere is no shortage of hypotheses to gressively increasing the strength of mixing explain model underestimation of abrupt cl ...
... to underestimate the size and extent of clidifferent, persistent states akin to those implimate response to threshold crossings (34). cated in the DO oscillation; however, proThere is no shortage of hypotheses to gressively increasing the strength of mixing explain model underestimation of abrupt cl ...
A dynamic equation for the potential energy anomaly for
... Cyaonobacteria observation II - whole Baltic Sea (from satellite) cyano ...
... Cyaonobacteria observation II - whole Baltic Sea (from satellite) cyano ...
global action to address climate change
... implement a more aggressive approach towards addressing climate change issues at a domestic level, especially as it relates to renewable energy sources, while also becoming a climate action role model for the rest of the European Union. Despite the success stories within some European countries, var ...
... implement a more aggressive approach towards addressing climate change issues at a domestic level, especially as it relates to renewable energy sources, while also becoming a climate action role model for the rest of the European Union. Despite the success stories within some European countries, var ...
The influence of climate change on Western Australian agriculture
... There has also been an increase in the risk of frost since 1975. We found that the number of days below 2°C has significantly increased in the central agricultural region in August and September increasing the likelihood of frost events in these areas (Figure 7). Northam, Kellerberrin and Wyalkatche ...
... There has also been an increase in the risk of frost since 1975. We found that the number of days below 2°C has significantly increased in the central agricultural region in August and September increasing the likelihood of frost events in these areas (Figure 7). Northam, Kellerberrin and Wyalkatche ...
Free PDF
... Zealand is a small emitter of GHG (in terms of total emissions per country) in comparison to the larger industrialised nations, and will be able to do little in its own right to halt global emissions. Therefore the focus and efforts in this country are increasingly likely to focus on adaptation, whi ...
... Zealand is a small emitter of GHG (in terms of total emissions per country) in comparison to the larger industrialised nations, and will be able to do little in its own right to halt global emissions. Therefore the focus and efforts in this country are increasingly likely to focus on adaptation, whi ...
Global Warming and Climate Change
... These uncertainties are forcing the international community to make difficult decisions regarding responses needed to counter the looming threat of global warming. The choice appears to be between adopting a precautionary approach today, 7 one that will be very expensive and that may itself alter so ...
... These uncertainties are forcing the international community to make difficult decisions regarding responses needed to counter the looming threat of global warming. The choice appears to be between adopting a precautionary approach today, 7 one that will be very expensive and that may itself alter so ...
Cost Benefit of Gas tax
... maintenance of roads in addition to lowering the emission of pollutants and carbon dioxide. Another proposition to deal with the negative externalities surrounding driving has been to raise the corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards, which will be further discussed later on in this paper. A ...
... maintenance of roads in addition to lowering the emission of pollutants and carbon dioxide. Another proposition to deal with the negative externalities surrounding driving has been to raise the corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards, which will be further discussed later on in this paper. A ...
Emissions de gaz à effet de serre dans le contexte d`un
... The work presented in the Global Carbon Budget 2014 has been possible thanks to the contributions of hundreds of people involved in observational networks, modeling, and synthesis efforts. Not all of them are individually acknowledged in this presentation for reasons of space (see slide 2 for those ...
... The work presented in the Global Carbon Budget 2014 has been possible thanks to the contributions of hundreds of people involved in observational networks, modeling, and synthesis efforts. Not all of them are individually acknowledged in this presentation for reasons of space (see slide 2 for those ...
BYRON SHIRE COUNCIL
... Planning Level (FPL) be applied and above 5m AHD, an additional of 0.5m to the Flood Planning Level be applied. Unless a Flood Study which incorporates the appropriate Climate Assessments is available to justify using an alternative amount. ...
... Planning Level (FPL) be applied and above 5m AHD, an additional of 0.5m to the Flood Planning Level be applied. Unless a Flood Study which incorporates the appropriate Climate Assessments is available to justify using an alternative amount. ...
![P.048-2011 Amd.(26) [Ferguson- climate change]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/017157696_1-0aa3859f6bce431bcd64166803d87a9a-300x300.png)
P.048-2011 Amd.(26) [Ferguson- climate change]
... oil, this seems unlikely with the significant availability of new offshore reserves and shale oil. This will be more expensive to extract and so energy efficiency will be essential – not because of carbon dioxide emissions but because of the extraction expense. In fact, the next major change in ener ...
... oil, this seems unlikely with the significant availability of new offshore reserves and shale oil. This will be more expensive to extract and so energy efficiency will be essential – not because of carbon dioxide emissions but because of the extraction expense. In fact, the next major change in ener ...
by Ralph F. Keeling
... period of more than a hundred years. It is characteristic of all the published data that the concentration is not constant even for locations well removed from local sources or acceptors of carbon dioxide. Recent extensive measurements over Scandinavia, reported currently in Tellus, emphasize this v ...
... period of more than a hundred years. It is characteristic of all the published data that the concentration is not constant even for locations well removed from local sources or acceptors of carbon dioxide. Recent extensive measurements over Scandinavia, reported currently in Tellus, emphasize this v ...
Chapter 7 - UCLA: Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences
... Summary of predicted climate change Temperature • The lower atmosphere and Earth's surface warm (the stratosphere cools). • The surface warming at high latitudes is greater than the global average in winter but smaller in summer. (In time dependent simulations with a full ocean, there is less warmi ...
... Summary of predicted climate change Temperature • The lower atmosphere and Earth's surface warm (the stratosphere cools). • The surface warming at high latitudes is greater than the global average in winter but smaller in summer. (In time dependent simulations with a full ocean, there is less warmi ...
high level forum on aid effectiveness
... Possible contribution in Busan: deepened commitment to AE (non-profit) and participation in discussion and consensus-building on development partnerships (forprofit). ...
... Possible contribution in Busan: deepened commitment to AE (non-profit) and participation in discussion and consensus-building on development partnerships (forprofit). ...
Read the Backgrounder on why Fossil Fuel
... in a Lloyds report, "the world cannot insure its way out of climate change." In fact, some insurance companies are already changing their policies, reducing coverage to deal with the increasing claims. Similar concerns for risks posed by climate change to the global economy have been expressed by t ...
... in a Lloyds report, "the world cannot insure its way out of climate change." In fact, some insurance companies are already changing their policies, reducing coverage to deal with the increasing claims. Similar concerns for risks posed by climate change to the global economy have been expressed by t ...
Exploring the role of local adaptation in the response
... The main effects and interactions of temperature and population as independent variables were determined on all measured dependent variables with two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) performed with SPSS statistics software (Rel. 7.5.1., SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). To assess the overall effect of climat ...
... The main effects and interactions of temperature and population as independent variables were determined on all measured dependent variables with two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) performed with SPSS statistics software (Rel. 7.5.1., SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). To assess the overall effect of climat ...
Alaska’s Thawing Permafrost
... in permafrost, such as carbon dioxide and methane, are released when it melts. Those greenhouse gases warm the atmosphere. Methane is 25 times more potent than carbon dioxide as a greenhouse gas. If the high northern latitudes continue warming at current rates, the region’s soils will release more c ...
... in permafrost, such as carbon dioxide and methane, are released when it melts. Those greenhouse gases warm the atmosphere. Methane is 25 times more potent than carbon dioxide as a greenhouse gas. If the high northern latitudes continue warming at current rates, the region’s soils will release more c ...
View/Open
... Australian federal election, the same applied, and the little media attention there was gave as much coverage to human-induced climate change denial as it did to mainstream scientific evidence on this vital subject. ...
... Australian federal election, the same applied, and the little media attention there was gave as much coverage to human-induced climate change denial as it did to mainstream scientific evidence on this vital subject. ...
Differential climate impacts for policy
... to guide assessments of dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. The 2015 Paris Agreement includes a two-headed temperature goal: “holding the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2 ◦ C above pre-industrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit the temperature ...
... to guide assessments of dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. The 2015 Paris Agreement includes a two-headed temperature goal: “holding the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2 ◦ C above pre-industrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit the temperature ...
climate change - india`s perspective
... common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities and their specific regional and national development priorities, objectives and circumstances. The elements of information provided in the communication include a national inventory of anthropogenic emissions by sources and remov ...
... common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities and their specific regional and national development priorities, objectives and circumstances. The elements of information provided in the communication include a national inventory of anthropogenic emissions by sources and remov ...
International Progress on Kyoto - Law Associates Ltd Consultants
... Scratch many using this phrase and you find a climate sceptic. The lack of targets for industrialised developing countries is seen as unfair but as we have seen it was a fundamental part of the UNFCCC that developed nations should go first. Another argument is that the cost is too great, but price o ...
... Scratch many using this phrase and you find a climate sceptic. The lack of targets for industrialised developing countries is seen as unfair but as we have seen it was a fundamental part of the UNFCCC that developed nations should go first. Another argument is that the cost is too great, but price o ...
Death by Degrees: The health crisis of climate change in Maine
... A 2007 study from Princeton University found that Katrina survivors were on average not back to their baseline mental health even 5 years later and that they continued to show high levels of post-traumatic stress symptoms.9 ...
... A 2007 study from Princeton University found that Katrina survivors were on average not back to their baseline mental health even 5 years later and that they continued to show high levels of post-traumatic stress symptoms.9 ...
Climate Vulnerability and Adaptive Strategies Along the Rio Grande
... through limited rainfall and irrigation water supplies. Martínez (2007) and Martínez and Adrian (2004) assess the regional effects of climate change on maize production within Mexico, identifying both regions of production increase and decrease. Under the A2 emissions scenario they show net producti ...
... through limited rainfall and irrigation water supplies. Martínez (2007) and Martínez and Adrian (2004) assess the regional effects of climate change on maize production within Mexico, identifying both regions of production increase and decrease. Under the A2 emissions scenario they show net producti ...
1. introduction
... can be stabilized by 2100, sea levels will continue to rise for many centuries. The thawing of the Greenland ice sheet which is likely to set in with an increase in temperature of more than 2°C would continue for even thousands of years and cause sea levels to rise by about 5metres. During the 20th ...
... can be stabilized by 2100, sea levels will continue to rise for many centuries. The thawing of the Greenland ice sheet which is likely to set in with an increase in temperature of more than 2°C would continue for even thousands of years and cause sea levels to rise by about 5metres. During the 20th ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.