BMJ 1997 - University of Western Cape
... troposphere, the earth's lower atmosphere, because of the scale and type of human economic activity. Climate scientists predict that the resultant increase in the troposphere's "radiative forcing" will warm the earth's surface.1 2 3 Indeed, in its recent second assessment report, the Intergovernment ...
... troposphere, the earth's lower atmosphere, because of the scale and type of human economic activity. Climate scientists predict that the resultant increase in the troposphere's "radiative forcing" will warm the earth's surface.1 2 3 Indeed, in its recent second assessment report, the Intergovernment ...
Poster template
... the near future, there needs to be a plan for high and low temperatures (see Figure. 6) and an overall increase in precipitation (IPCC, 2014). ...
... the near future, there needs to be a plan for high and low temperatures (see Figure. 6) and an overall increase in precipitation (IPCC, 2014). ...
Climate change impacts on global agricultural land availability
... example, South America may lose 1–21% of its arable land area, Africa 1–18%, Europe 11–17%, and India 2–4%. When considering, in addition, land used for human settlements and natural conservation, the net potential arable land may decrease even further worldwide by the end of the 21st century under ...
... example, South America may lose 1–21% of its arable land area, Africa 1–18%, Europe 11–17%, and India 2–4%. When considering, in addition, land used for human settlements and natural conservation, the net potential arable land may decrease even further worldwide by the end of the 21st century under ...
Find some land, build a house?
... Brazil leads the world in production and use, making about 16 billion litres per year of ethanol from its sugarcane industry. Sixty percent of new cars can run on a fuel mix which includes 85% ethanol. A recent UK government publication declared that biofuels reduced emissions "by 50-60% compared to ...
... Brazil leads the world in production and use, making about 16 billion litres per year of ethanol from its sugarcane industry. Sixty percent of new cars can run on a fuel mix which includes 85% ethanol. A recent UK government publication declared that biofuels reduced emissions "by 50-60% compared to ...
A combined revealed/stated preference model for projecting the
... use CCS – New regs might require a less aggressive technology – But no one’s building new coal power plants anyway ...
... use CCS – New regs might require a less aggressive technology – But no one’s building new coal power plants anyway ...
Some issues re. climate science - School of Mathematics and Statistics
... Annual-mean temperature change predicted for 2070-2100 in IPCC Third Assessment Report models ...
... Annual-mean temperature change predicted for 2070-2100 in IPCC Third Assessment Report models ...
Building Climate Smart Value Chain In Cocoa Sector : Rite 90.1FM
... The cocoa sector is not spared from the onset of climate change. Farmers who plant seedlings find it extremely difficult to nurture the growth of the seedlings. This is because Ghana’s agricultural sector and for that matter the cocoa sector is heavily rain fed. The application of irrigation facilit ...
... The cocoa sector is not spared from the onset of climate change. Farmers who plant seedlings find it extremely difficult to nurture the growth of the seedlings. This is because Ghana’s agricultural sector and for that matter the cocoa sector is heavily rain fed. The application of irrigation facilit ...
File - Climatelinks
... Peru has three distinct climates: desert coastal lowlands along the Pacific Ocean, the Andes Mountain range, and the Andean highlands. The desert coastal lowlands are the location of the country’s major cities and much of the mechanized agriculture. To the east, the Andes Mountain range runs north-s ...
... Peru has three distinct climates: desert coastal lowlands along the Pacific Ocean, the Andes Mountain range, and the Andean highlands. The desert coastal lowlands are the location of the country’s major cities and much of the mechanized agriculture. To the east, the Andes Mountain range runs north-s ...
Data Sources and Methods for the Greenhouse Gas Emissions
... Activity data refer to the quantitative amount of human activity resulting in emissions during a given time period. The annual activity data for fuel combustion sources, for example, are the total amounts of fuel burned. Emission factors are based on samples of measurement data, and are representati ...
... Activity data refer to the quantitative amount of human activity resulting in emissions during a given time period. The annual activity data for fuel combustion sources, for example, are the total amounts of fuel burned. Emission factors are based on samples of measurement data, and are representati ...
Grand Minimum of the Total Solar Irradiance Leads to
... 3) [15-20]. We used data PMOD composite [21] since the constructed “mixed” ACRIM-SATIRE composite shows no increase in the TSI from 1986 to 1996 in contrast to the ACRIM composite [22]. This allows extrapolating a relatively short series (since 1978) of precision extraatmospheric measurements of the ...
... 3) [15-20]. We used data PMOD composite [21] since the constructed “mixed” ACRIM-SATIRE composite shows no increase in the TSI from 1986 to 1996 in contrast to the ACRIM composite [22]. This allows extrapolating a relatively short series (since 1978) of precision extraatmospheric measurements of the ...
Climate Scientists Virtually Unanimous: Anthropogenic Global
... Environmental Research Letters To come at the question from a different angle, I used the Web of Science to review articles from a single journal, Environmental Research Letters, for 2013 and 2014, searching under “global warming” and “climate change.” I found 283 unique articles. None rejected AGW ...
... Environmental Research Letters To come at the question from a different angle, I used the Web of Science to review articles from a single journal, Environmental Research Letters, for 2013 and 2014, searching under “global warming” and “climate change.” I found 283 unique articles. None rejected AGW ...
Investigating whether man or mountain emits more atmospheric
... n 2013, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change released its fifth report, attributing 95% of all climate warming—from the 1950s through today—to humans (IPCC 2013). Not only did the report—like previous IPCC reports dating back to 1990—accredit global warming to anthropogenic carbon dioxide e ...
... n 2013, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change released its fifth report, attributing 95% of all climate warming—from the 1950s through today—to humans (IPCC 2013). Not only did the report—like previous IPCC reports dating back to 1990—accredit global warming to anthropogenic carbon dioxide e ...
Coupled Simulations of the 20th-Century including External Forcing
... show similar, though somewhat smaller changes over time. The slow increasing trend over the 130 years is of the order of 3 or 4 Wm−2 for individual years, and about 2 Wm−2 for some decadal averages. This is about twice as large as average variations on the 11-year sunspot cycle. In the following cal ...
... show similar, though somewhat smaller changes over time. The slow increasing trend over the 130 years is of the order of 3 or 4 Wm−2 for individual years, and about 2 Wm−2 for some decadal averages. This is about twice as large as average variations on the 11-year sunspot cycle. In the following cal ...
Sustainable Development andClimate Change
... Box 12.3 : Understanding Climate Change at a Glance Ever since the industrial revolution, manmade activities have added significant quantities of GHGs into the atmosphere. Climate change is a global negative externality primarily caused by the building up of GHG emissions in the atmosphere. The effo ...
... Box 12.3 : Understanding Climate Change at a Glance Ever since the industrial revolution, manmade activities have added significant quantities of GHGs into the atmosphere. Climate change is a global negative externality primarily caused by the building up of GHG emissions in the atmosphere. The effo ...
![Climate change LBC 180608[1]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/000994915_1-350404712397f9dc2a07529fdb834827-300x300.png)
Climate change LBC 180608[1]
... 1. For the purpose of meeting its commitments under Article 3, any Party included in Annex I may transfer to, or acquire from, any other such Party emission reduction units resulting from projects aimed at reducing anthropogenic emissions by sources or enhancing anthropogenic removals by sinks of gr ...
... 1. For the purpose of meeting its commitments under Article 3, any Party included in Annex I may transfer to, or acquire from, any other such Party emission reduction units resulting from projects aimed at reducing anthropogenic emissions by sources or enhancing anthropogenic removals by sinks of gr ...
Long-Term Ecological Records and Their Relevance to Climate
... shift), or adaptation (Aitken et al. 2008). To date, key research efforts have focused on the first two scenarios, mainly through the assessment of biotic responses to climate change via development of a suite of predictive species distribution models (e.g., Guisan & Thuiller 2005). These bioclimatic ...
... shift), or adaptation (Aitken et al. 2008). To date, key research efforts have focused on the first two scenarios, mainly through the assessment of biotic responses to climate change via development of a suite of predictive species distribution models (e.g., Guisan & Thuiller 2005). These bioclimatic ...
Climate Change and Biodiversity in Polar Regions
... changes, the Arctic is an important early warning system as far as climate change is concerned. The findings of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change show that eleven of the last twelve years (1995–2006) rank among the twelve warmest years in the instrumental record of global surface tempera ...
... changes, the Arctic is an important early warning system as far as climate change is concerned. The findings of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change show that eleven of the last twelve years (1995–2006) rank among the twelve warmest years in the instrumental record of global surface tempera ...
03_Bulgaria lecture
... supporting Bulgarian security environment. Furthermore, reshaping Bulgarian Army capability might be required in order to create capable and competent balanced forces, with organization, equipment, and combat training allowing not only adequate participation within the full spectrum of NATO operatio ...
... supporting Bulgarian security environment. Furthermore, reshaping Bulgarian Army capability might be required in order to create capable and competent balanced forces, with organization, equipment, and combat training allowing not only adequate participation within the full spectrum of NATO operatio ...
The influence of climate change on Western Australian agriculture
... There has also been an increase in the risk of frost since 1975. We found that the number of days below 2°C has significantly increased in the central agricultural region in August and September increasing the likelihood of frost events in these areas (Figure 7). Northam, Kellerberrin and Wyalkatche ...
... There has also been an increase in the risk of frost since 1975. We found that the number of days below 2°C has significantly increased in the central agricultural region in August and September increasing the likelihood of frost events in these areas (Figure 7). Northam, Kellerberrin and Wyalkatche ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.