East Africa
... changes, it has become common practice to use simulations from a range of climate models (e.g., Kharin et al. 2007). Research on how best to combine simulations from several climate models through objective weighting is ongoing (e.g., Giorgi and Mearns 2002, 2003; Tebaldi et al. 2004, 2005). Using t ...
... changes, it has become common practice to use simulations from a range of climate models (e.g., Kharin et al. 2007). Research on how best to combine simulations from several climate models through objective weighting is ongoing (e.g., Giorgi and Mearns 2002, 2003; Tebaldi et al. 2004, 2005). Using t ...
Download country chapter
... Himalayan glaciers present a huge challenge to populations downstream who are dependent on steady supplies of meltwater feeding streams and rivers. These concerns are all the more pressing given that temperatures appear to be rising more quickly at higher elevations. The government identified the Mi ...
... Himalayan glaciers present a huge challenge to populations downstream who are dependent on steady supplies of meltwater feeding streams and rivers. These concerns are all the more pressing given that temperatures appear to be rising more quickly at higher elevations. The government identified the Mi ...
Professor Lord Nicholas Stern: Activities and Writings since 2008
... Professor Lord Nicholas Stern: Activities and Writings since 2008 (to end June 2013) ...
... Professor Lord Nicholas Stern: Activities and Writings since 2008 (to end June 2013) ...
hot air - United Nations Interpreters
... contained forests. For a discussion of the term forest and related terms such as afforestation, reforestation, and deforestation: see the IPCC Report on Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (IPCC, 2000). Afforestation and reforestation (A/R) projects imply to establish forest on land that has not ...
... contained forests. For a discussion of the term forest and related terms such as afforestation, reforestation, and deforestation: see the IPCC Report on Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (IPCC, 2000). Afforestation and reforestation (A/R) projects imply to establish forest on land that has not ...
PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA, REILLY MASSACHUSETTS ATTORNEY GENERAL THOMAS F.
... preparing an EIS only when that decision is "fully informed and well considered." LaFlamme v. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, 852 F.2d 389, 398 (9 th Cir. 1988). Here, NHTSA asserts, without quantitative or even qualitative analysis, that the proposed standards will, at least marginally, incre ...
... preparing an EIS only when that decision is "fully informed and well considered." LaFlamme v. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, 852 F.2d 389, 398 (9 th Cir. 1988). Here, NHTSA asserts, without quantitative or even qualitative analysis, that the proposed standards will, at least marginally, incre ...
Historical responsibility for climate change: science and the science-policy interface
... terrestrial carbon uptake. Instead of giving less weight to early emissions, nonlinearity between radiative forcing and concentrations of CO2 gives more weight to early emissions. Giving objective policy advice is further challenged by the fact that historical contributions to climate change are not ...
... terrestrial carbon uptake. Instead of giving less weight to early emissions, nonlinearity between radiative forcing and concentrations of CO2 gives more weight to early emissions. Giving objective policy advice is further challenged by the fact that historical contributions to climate change are not ...
Introduction of Chinese Participants
... Water and urbanisation Water in regions (innov. mechanism) Why there are problem on water-energy nexus? Or the speciality of them in Hubei? 1. Yangtze River Economic Belt - high investment and active economic activity 2. There is little sources for energy in Hubei. 3. Selection and structure of futu ...
... Water and urbanisation Water in regions (innov. mechanism) Why there are problem on water-energy nexus? Or the speciality of them in Hubei? 1. Yangtze River Economic Belt - high investment and active economic activity 2. There is little sources for energy in Hubei. 3. Selection and structure of futu ...
Ice entombed our planet hundreds of millions of years ago, and
... than 50 degrees Celsius,driving an intense cycle of evaporation and rainfall.Torrents of carbonic acid rain erode the rock debris left in the wake of the retreating glaciers. Swollen rivers wash bicarbonate and other ions into the oceans, where they form carbonate sediment. New life-forms— engendere ...
... than 50 degrees Celsius,driving an intense cycle of evaporation and rainfall.Torrents of carbonic acid rain erode the rock debris left in the wake of the retreating glaciers. Swollen rivers wash bicarbonate and other ions into the oceans, where they form carbonate sediment. New life-forms— engendere ...
www.ssoar.info Hauling data: anthropocene analogues
... climate science in general, to disrespect – not in theory or rhetoric, but in practice – disciplinary and methodological boundaries. As such they are very symptomatic of the constructive practices by which the earth sciences cope with their intrinsic reliance on heuristic strategies, approximative ...
... climate science in general, to disrespect – not in theory or rhetoric, but in practice – disciplinary and methodological boundaries. As such they are very symptomatic of the constructive practices by which the earth sciences cope with their intrinsic reliance on heuristic strategies, approximative ...
Climate Change pdf
... Climate variations are indeed central to many of the systems and functional processes that occur within the region, impacting farm management practice, biodiversity management, and the underlying socioeconomic fabric of the region. As an external stressor, there is no greater force shaping the under ...
... Climate variations are indeed central to many of the systems and functional processes that occur within the region, impacting farm management practice, biodiversity management, and the underlying socioeconomic fabric of the region. As an external stressor, there is no greater force shaping the under ...
LCC/2014/0101Roseacre Wood, Roseacre and Wharles, Fylde
... Emissions from this project The applicant’s ES estimates the greatest source of the project GHG emissions come from burning the gas in the flare (73%). The total project GHG emissions could be between 118,418 (lower range) to 124,397 (higher range) tCOe (tonnes carbon dioxide equivalent). Both direc ...
... Emissions from this project The applicant’s ES estimates the greatest source of the project GHG emissions come from burning the gas in the flare (73%). The total project GHG emissions could be between 118,418 (lower range) to 124,397 (higher range) tCOe (tonnes carbon dioxide equivalent). Both direc ...
The Electric Power Industry and Climate Change
... available and are likely to improve system efficiency, reduce demand, and subsequently reduce the use of fossil fuel-based technologies. This topic is discussed further in section 5. D. The impact of GHG reduction on the transmission grid The technologies that help reduce GHGs often present addition ...
... available and are likely to improve system efficiency, reduce demand, and subsequently reduce the use of fossil fuel-based technologies. This topic is discussed further in section 5. D. The impact of GHG reduction on the transmission grid The technologies that help reduce GHGs often present addition ...
The Effects and Linkages of Deforestation and Temperature on
... construction, for firewood, for the production of charcoal and so on. Spore, 2011 reported that forests also play a pivotal role in providing water resources, due to their influence on volumes and distribution of rainfall, the dynamics of water in soil and the quantities of water discharged into the ...
... construction, for firewood, for the production of charcoal and so on. Spore, 2011 reported that forests also play a pivotal role in providing water resources, due to their influence on volumes and distribution of rainfall, the dynamics of water in soil and the quantities of water discharged into the ...
T P ’ C
... energy sector fell to the lowest level in two decades. At the same time, while there is more work to do, we are more energy secure than at any time in recent history. In 2012, America’s net oil imports fell to the lowest level in 20 years and we have become the world’s leading producer of natural ga ...
... energy sector fell to the lowest level in two decades. At the same time, while there is more work to do, we are more energy secure than at any time in recent history. In 2012, America’s net oil imports fell to the lowest level in 20 years and we have become the world’s leading producer of natural ga ...
T P ’ C
... energy sector fell to the lowest level in two decades. At the same time, while there is more work to do, we are more energy secure than at any time in recent history. In 2012, America’s net oil imports fell to the lowest level in 20 years and we have become the world’s leading producer of natural ga ...
... energy sector fell to the lowest level in two decades. At the same time, while there is more work to do, we are more energy secure than at any time in recent history. In 2012, America’s net oil imports fell to the lowest level in 20 years and we have become the world’s leading producer of natural ga ...
Snowball Earth
... than 50 degrees Celsius,driving an intense cycle of evaporation and rainfall.Torrents of carbonic acid rain erode the rock debris left in the wake of the retreating glaciers. Swollen rivers wash bicarbonate and other ions into the oceans, where they form carbonate sediment. New life-forms— engendere ...
... than 50 degrees Celsius,driving an intense cycle of evaporation and rainfall.Torrents of carbonic acid rain erode the rock debris left in the wake of the retreating glaciers. Swollen rivers wash bicarbonate and other ions into the oceans, where they form carbonate sediment. New life-forms— engendere ...
Trends in public attitudes to climate change
... Trends in public attitudes to climate change Changes in public attitudes show the somewhat erratic nature of people’s attitude towards climate change. If belief in climate change is falling, one fear is that it will be harder to persuade the public to support actions to address the problem. This re ...
... Trends in public attitudes to climate change Changes in public attitudes show the somewhat erratic nature of people’s attitude towards climate change. If belief in climate change is falling, one fear is that it will be harder to persuade the public to support actions to address the problem. This re ...
Endnotes - CSIRO Publishing
... 4. Karoly DJ and Braganza K (2005) A new approach to detection of anthropogenic temperature changes in the Australian region. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics 89: 57–67. 5. Alexander L, Hope P, Collins D, Trewin B, Lynch A et al. (2007) Trends in Australia’s climate means and extremes: a global c ...
... 4. Karoly DJ and Braganza K (2005) A new approach to detection of anthropogenic temperature changes in the Australian region. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics 89: 57–67. 5. Alexander L, Hope P, Collins D, Trewin B, Lynch A et al. (2007) Trends in Australia’s climate means and extremes: a global c ...
O A RIGINAL RTICLE
... Change. He also added that the developed countries will finance a10 billion dollars a year, three year program starting in 2010 for funding the developing nations’ projects dealing with drought, floods and other impacts of climate change, and to develop clean energy. He added that we need to share o ...
... Change. He also added that the developed countries will finance a10 billion dollars a year, three year program starting in 2010 for funding the developing nations’ projects dealing with drought, floods and other impacts of climate change, and to develop clean energy. He added that we need to share o ...
Slide 1 - University of Washington
... •Optimized flood control operations to rebalance complex multiobjective reservoir systems •Incorporate more realistic effects to extreme precipitation from regional scale climate models (in progress) •Incorporate the effects of sea level rise and high flows on inundation using hydrodynamic modeling ...
... •Optimized flood control operations to rebalance complex multiobjective reservoir systems •Incorporate more realistic effects to extreme precipitation from regional scale climate models (in progress) •Incorporate the effects of sea level rise and high flows on inundation using hydrodynamic modeling ...
Ice core evidence of the last 400,000 years
... preferential removal of the heavier isotope, leaving the water vapour increasingly depleted in H218O. Because condensation is the result of cooling, the greater the fall in temperature, the lower the heavy isotope concentration will be. Isotope concentration in the condensate can thus be considered ...
... preferential removal of the heavier isotope, leaving the water vapour increasingly depleted in H218O. Because condensation is the result of cooling, the greater the fall in temperature, the lower the heavy isotope concentration will be. Isotope concentration in the condensate can thus be considered ...
5.0 project evaluation - Climate Adaptation Knowledge Exchange
... variations that alter the viability of these activities, for better or for worse, have very high leverage on the economy. Population and development pressures continue to worsen the exploitation of Ghana’s land-cover. These pressures coupled with climate change will negatively impact on the ecosyste ...
... variations that alter the viability of these activities, for better or for worse, have very high leverage on the economy. Population and development pressures continue to worsen the exploitation of Ghana’s land-cover. These pressures coupled with climate change will negatively impact on the ecosyste ...
Simulated Global-Mean Sea Level Changes over the Last Half
... that volcanoes in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries cause a sudden drop in subsurface ocean temperature from which recovery is slow. We find the same in VOL5 (Fig. 5). The eruption of Krakatau causes a sea level fall due to thermal expansion, only about half of which has been recover ...
... that volcanoes in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries cause a sudden drop in subsurface ocean temperature from which recovery is slow. We find the same in VOL5 (Fig. 5). The eruption of Krakatau causes a sea level fall due to thermal expansion, only about half of which has been recover ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.