Petition - Center for Biological Diversity
... The already severe impacts of global warming on the United States and the rest of the world from current atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels highlight the urgency of staying below the 1.5°C target so as to avoid truly catastrophic impacts to people and planet. 13 As CO2 levels continue to rise ...
... The already severe impacts of global warming on the United States and the rest of the world from current atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels highlight the urgency of staying below the 1.5°C target so as to avoid truly catastrophic impacts to people and planet. 13 As CO2 levels continue to rise ...
CATS Annual Report 2012-13
... Defining the limits of climate modelling: when to downscale The majority of policy decisions are based on information that comes from regional models, which do not feedback to the global model. This NERC Doctoral Training Grant project aims to build statistical methodology to support how far into th ...
... Defining the limits of climate modelling: when to downscale The majority of policy decisions are based on information that comes from regional models, which do not feedback to the global model. This NERC Doctoral Training Grant project aims to build statistical methodology to support how far into th ...
Northern High-Latitude Heat Budget Decomposition and
... strength and the causal mechanisms are far from certain. Intermodel correlations (e.g., Holland and Bitz 2003) and heat budgets (Winton 2006) have been used to identify a number of factors that contribute to the uncertainty, such as model differences in cloud cover, ocean heat transport, sea ice sta ...
... strength and the causal mechanisms are far from certain. Intermodel correlations (e.g., Holland and Bitz 2003) and heat budgets (Winton 2006) have been used to identify a number of factors that contribute to the uncertainty, such as model differences in cloud cover, ocean heat transport, sea ice sta ...
Russia`s Role in the Post-2012 Climate Change Policy: Key
... (figure 1). From the beginning of the 20th century until its collapse, the USSR was the second largest emitter of carbon in the world, experiencing extremely fast emission growth due to its industrial development, closely approaching the United States by the end of 1980s and by far surpassing China ...
... (figure 1). From the beginning of the 20th century until its collapse, the USSR was the second largest emitter of carbon in the world, experiencing extremely fast emission growth due to its industrial development, closely approaching the United States by the end of 1980s and by far surpassing China ...
Appendix 5 Fine-scale population responses to weather and climate
... In this study, we found evidence of spatial variation in bird and butterfly population responses to temperature. We find support for our hypothesis as temperature tended to have a stronger association with population dynamics in cooler sites. We believe this relationship is due to the greater vulner ...
... In this study, we found evidence of spatial variation in bird and butterfly population responses to temperature. We find support for our hypothesis as temperature tended to have a stronger association with population dynamics in cooler sites. We believe this relationship is due to the greater vulner ...
Valuing the Ocean: Draft Executive Summary
... Integrated action is urgently required to prevent and remediate hypoxia. Its global extent and threat to human health and marine ecosystem services are just beginning to be appreciated, and much remains unknown regarding its social and economic consequences. Virtually all of the information we do ha ...
... Integrated action is urgently required to prevent and remediate hypoxia. Its global extent and threat to human health and marine ecosystem services are just beginning to be appreciated, and much remains unknown regarding its social and economic consequences. Virtually all of the information we do ha ...
Which early works are cited most frequently in climate change
... to only those which are co-cited with at least one selected cited reference using the menu items “Data” – "Retain Publications citing Selected Cited References". In a first step, we selected the marker reference in the table visualized by the CRExplorer. Note that also misspelled reference variants ...
... to only those which are co-cited with at least one selected cited reference using the menu items “Data” – "Retain Publications citing Selected Cited References". In a first step, we selected the marker reference in the table visualized by the CRExplorer. Note that also misspelled reference variants ...
Bo Kjellén - Stockholm Resilience Centre
... CLIMATE CHANGE – KEY ELEMENTS OF KEY DOCUMENTS Framework Convention on Climate Change – Concluded 1992, entered into force 1994. ...
... CLIMATE CHANGE – KEY ELEMENTS OF KEY DOCUMENTS Framework Convention on Climate Change – Concluded 1992, entered into force 1994. ...
Biogeochemical Cycles and Climate
... react with other chemical components of the climate system, particularly the hydroxyl radical (OH*). Also, SOx and NOx are the principal constituents in acid deposition, and NOx and NMHCs are involved in the formation of ozone (O3), another greenhouse gas, in the troposphere. The unchecked accumulat ...
... react with other chemical components of the climate system, particularly the hydroxyl radical (OH*). Also, SOx and NOx are the principal constituents in acid deposition, and NOx and NMHCs are involved in the formation of ozone (O3), another greenhouse gas, in the troposphere. The unchecked accumulat ...
PDF
... Another important feature of the Kyoto Protocol, the clean development mechanism (CDM), allows Northern firms to buy emission credits from Southern firms when the latter commit to adopting cleaner production techniques. Essentially, a Northern firm pays a Southern firm to reduce emissions and the cr ...
... Another important feature of the Kyoto Protocol, the clean development mechanism (CDM), allows Northern firms to buy emission credits from Southern firms when the latter commit to adopting cleaner production techniques. Essentially, a Northern firm pays a Southern firm to reduce emissions and the cr ...
Climate Change and British Woodland
... warming of some 3–5 ºC over the coming century. This magnitude and rate of change has not occurred since before the last ice age. The implications of this level of temperature change are further highlighted by the observation that, during the last ice age, mean northern hemisphere temperatures were ...
... warming of some 3–5 ºC over the coming century. This magnitude and rate of change has not occurred since before the last ice age. The implications of this level of temperature change are further highlighted by the observation that, during the last ice age, mean northern hemisphere temperatures were ...
A RICARDIAN ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH
... test country fixed effects. The comparison of the two-season specification to the four-season specification revealed that only a few climate coefficients in the four-season model were significant. The twoseason specification appeared to capture the important seasonal effects of climate. In the next ...
... test country fixed effects. The comparison of the two-season specification to the four-season specification revealed that only a few climate coefficients in the four-season model were significant. The twoseason specification appeared to capture the important seasonal effects of climate. In the next ...
climate change: the missing topic in zimbabwean secondary school
... anthropogenic causes include industrialization, deforestation, fossil burning (greenhouse gases), bush burning and desertification (Mbah, 2014). These activities result in the production of carbon dioxide, methane, nitrogen dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons and ozone. All the above mentioned gases are gr ...
... anthropogenic causes include industrialization, deforestation, fossil burning (greenhouse gases), bush burning and desertification (Mbah, 2014). These activities result in the production of carbon dioxide, methane, nitrogen dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons and ozone. All the above mentioned gases are gr ...
How will climate change affect oil palm fungal diseases?
... tropical regions (Easterling et al., 2007). Sea-level rise is projected to extend areas of salination of groundwater and estuaries, resulting in a decrease of coastal freshwater availability for agriculture systems including OP. Finally, small islands are especially vulnerable to the effects of CC, ...
... tropical regions (Easterling et al., 2007). Sea-level rise is projected to extend areas of salination of groundwater and estuaries, resulting in a decrease of coastal freshwater availability for agriculture systems including OP. Finally, small islands are especially vulnerable to the effects of CC, ...
Evaluating the Use of Ocean Models of Different Complexity in
... such probabilistic studies using state-of-the-art Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Models (AOGCMs). In addition to the large computational demand, the use of AOGCMs in probabilistic studies has been restricted by the difficulty in changing the rate of heat uptake in ocean general circulating mod ...
... such probabilistic studies using state-of-the-art Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Models (AOGCMs). In addition to the large computational demand, the use of AOGCMs in probabilistic studies has been restricted by the difficulty in changing the rate of heat uptake in ocean general circulating mod ...
A climate change perspective
... the communities that depend on fisheries. The effect of sea level rise means that coastal fishing communities are vulnerable and are in the front line of the deleterious effects of climate change. Changing seawater temperature and current flows are likely to cause shifts in the distribution of marin ...
... the communities that depend on fisheries. The effect of sea level rise means that coastal fishing communities are vulnerable and are in the front line of the deleterious effects of climate change. Changing seawater temperature and current flows are likely to cause shifts in the distribution of marin ...
Adaptation Work Programme Points for Discussion
... • Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and is very likely due to increase in anthropogenic GHG concentrations. • Even if GHGs were to be stabilised today, temperature and sea level rise would continue for centuries, • Adaptation is essential, but there are substantial limits and barriers • ...
... • Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and is very likely due to increase in anthropogenic GHG concentrations. • Even if GHGs were to be stabilised today, temperature and sea level rise would continue for centuries, • Adaptation is essential, but there are substantial limits and barriers • ...
Improving evaluation of climate change impacts on the water cycle
... predictions. In the present work, a robust methodology for building climate multimodel ensembles of meteorological data was presented. The final aim was to increase the reliability of both climatological and hydrological projections. The introduction of GIS has facilitated the spatial modelling of t ...
... predictions. In the present work, a robust methodology for building climate multimodel ensembles of meteorological data was presented. The final aim was to increase the reliability of both climatological and hydrological projections. The introduction of GIS has facilitated the spatial modelling of t ...
the context addressing the protection needs of people displaced
... to avoid the effects of armed conflict, situations of generalized violence, violations of human rights or natural or human-made disasters, and who have not crossed an internationally recognized State border (Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement). DISASTER DISPLACEMENT refers to situations whe ...
... to avoid the effects of armed conflict, situations of generalized violence, violations of human rights or natural or human-made disasters, and who have not crossed an internationally recognized State border (Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement). DISASTER DISPLACEMENT refers to situations whe ...
DOC - World bank documents
... Outcome: Enhanced capacity of national institutions to develop climate scenarios based on regional climate models This component will finance activities which will be the building blocks for developing capacity in climate change analysis and modeling. More specifically, the ACAP will finance (1) dev ...
... Outcome: Enhanced capacity of national institutions to develop climate scenarios based on regional climate models This component will finance activities which will be the building blocks for developing capacity in climate change analysis and modeling. More specifically, the ACAP will finance (1) dev ...
Climate variability and malaria epidemics in the highlands of East
... the human population size increase, and thus the human population size that each hospital has served remains similar during the study period’, is not supported by the article cited [3] which actually says the opposite: ‘The situation at specific sites cannot be inferred from these national data, but ...
... the human population size increase, and thus the human population size that each hospital has served remains similar during the study period’, is not supported by the article cited [3] which actually says the opposite: ‘The situation at specific sites cannot be inferred from these national data, but ...
Climate Change and Fairtrade
... Climate change is not fair. In fact, developing countries have contributed the least to this growing problem and are currently the most affected. Farmers from developing countries are increasingly showing their concern as they are more and more affected by this phenomenon. In order to address this n ...
... Climate change is not fair. In fact, developing countries have contributed the least to this growing problem and are currently the most affected. Farmers from developing countries are increasingly showing their concern as they are more and more affected by this phenomenon. In order to address this n ...
Recent Changes in Rainfall, Temperature and Number of Rainy
... humankind will have to face for many years to come. It could become a major risk to world food security, as it has a strong effect on food production, access and distribution. Global atmospheric concentrations of anthropogenic greenhouse gases (Methane, Carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide) have increas ...
... humankind will have to face for many years to come. It could become a major risk to world food security, as it has a strong effect on food production, access and distribution. Global atmospheric concentrations of anthropogenic greenhouse gases (Methane, Carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide) have increas ...
Report on “Pakistan sey Paris” Climate Conference
... including Azad Jammu and Kashmir. It is beginning to manifest itself through increasing intensity and ferocity. He added that significant strides have been made in Pakistan for forwarding the Climate change agenda from being a stand-alone topic to one identifying itself as an integral element of the ...
... including Azad Jammu and Kashmir. It is beginning to manifest itself through increasing intensity and ferocity. He added that significant strides have been made in Pakistan for forwarding the Climate change agenda from being a stand-alone topic to one identifying itself as an integral element of the ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.