science-based targets
... while maintaining economic growth. While 80% of the 500 largest listed companies in the world have adopted GHG emissions reduction targets, most are short-term and incremental, falling short of the emissions reductions required to prevent the worst climate change impacts.1 New guidance is available ...
... while maintaining economic growth. While 80% of the 500 largest listed companies in the world have adopted GHG emissions reduction targets, most are short-term and incremental, falling short of the emissions reductions required to prevent the worst climate change impacts.1 New guidance is available ...
Thermal physiology and species distribution models
... equatorial ectotherms, which also occupy thermal environments closer in their Topt resulting in smaller TSMs. By comparison, more variable temperatures experienced by temperate ectotherms result in broad Tbr, and these species occupy much cooler thermal environments than Topt, resulting in larger TS ...
... equatorial ectotherms, which also occupy thermal environments closer in their Topt resulting in smaller TSMs. By comparison, more variable temperatures experienced by temperate ectotherms result in broad Tbr, and these species occupy much cooler thermal environments than Topt, resulting in larger TS ...
US re-engagement? -
... re-engage in the Kyoto Protocol process (Tamura, 2006). In 2002, almost a year after the US withdrawal, President Bush launched the federal US policy, The Global Climate Change Initiative. A comprehensive strategy on domestic voluntary measures based on three main elements; GHG emissions intensity t ...
... re-engage in the Kyoto Protocol process (Tamura, 2006). In 2002, almost a year after the US withdrawal, President Bush launched the federal US policy, The Global Climate Change Initiative. A comprehensive strategy on domestic voluntary measures based on three main elements; GHG emissions intensity t ...
Chapter 14 Tourism, leisure and sport
... because they tend to be less familiar with the places they are visiting. The environment, and not least the climate, is considered a resource to be exploited in many tourist areas. A clear majority of the natural disasters that threaten and hit tourist areas are, in one way or another, related to cl ...
... because they tend to be less familiar with the places they are visiting. The environment, and not least the climate, is considered a resource to be exploited in many tourist areas. A clear majority of the natural disasters that threaten and hit tourist areas are, in one way or another, related to cl ...
The impact of climate change on growth of local white spruce
... 2000) predict a rapid climate change. Following the models’ estimates, the mean annual temperature in the northern hemisphere will rise, and patterns of precipitation will be modified. Over the last two decades, many studies have attempted to evaluate the potential impact of these global phenomena o ...
... 2000) predict a rapid climate change. Following the models’ estimates, the mean annual temperature in the northern hemisphere will rise, and patterns of precipitation will be modified. Over the last two decades, many studies have attempted to evaluate the potential impact of these global phenomena o ...
Weighing the costs and benefits of climate change to our children
... world becomes over time in the absence of any action. Focusing on the “standard” case, we see the typical assumption that, over time, the world becomes much, much richer. Figure 2 plots the net benefits of a particular mitigation scenario (relative to inaction, or, in other words, the baseline) over ...
... world becomes over time in the absence of any action. Focusing on the “standard” case, we see the typical assumption that, over time, the world becomes much, much richer. Figure 2 plots the net benefits of a particular mitigation scenario (relative to inaction, or, in other words, the baseline) over ...
Diapositiva 1
... What could be done now to reduce current vulnerability?. What are the main barriers to implementation (such as technology or political will)? ...
... What could be done now to reduce current vulnerability?. What are the main barriers to implementation (such as technology or political will)? ...
Aalborg Universitet environmental assessment of spatial plans
... regional and local levels to reduce the adverse impacts of projected climate change and variability, regardless of the scale of mitigation undertaken over the next two to three decades” (Bernstein et al. 2007, p. 56). Climate change is increasingly becoming a concern in spatial planning. As stated ...
... regional and local levels to reduce the adverse impacts of projected climate change and variability, regardless of the scale of mitigation undertaken over the next two to three decades” (Bernstein et al. 2007, p. 56). Climate change is increasingly becoming a concern in spatial planning. As stated ...
The potential contribution of British Columbia`s forest sector to
... cross-laminated lumber produced from wood harvested in BC will reduce BC forest C stocks, but increase C stored in harvested wood products (inside and outside of BC) and reduce emissions where such wood is used to substitute concrete or steel products with the associated high emissions in the region ...
... cross-laminated lumber produced from wood harvested in BC will reduce BC forest C stocks, but increase C stored in harvested wood products (inside and outside of BC) and reduce emissions where such wood is used to substitute concrete or steel products with the associated high emissions in the region ...
Climate change in Australia | Murray Basin cluster report
... businesses and the environment. Australia has already experienced increasing temperatures, shifting rainfall patterns and rising oceans. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (IPCC, 2013) rigorously assessed the current state and future of the global climate sy ...
... businesses and the environment. Australia has already experienced increasing temperatures, shifting rainfall patterns and rising oceans. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (IPCC, 2013) rigorously assessed the current state and future of the global climate sy ...
Greenhouse gas emissions from shale gas and coal for electricity
... definition of the impact function and treatment of the time horizon. Other metrics, such as the Global Temperature Potential (GTP) have also been considered. GTP gives ‘equivalent climate responses at a chosen time’ and there is less focus on the fluctuations in the shorter term than when choosing a ...
... definition of the impact function and treatment of the time horizon. Other metrics, such as the Global Temperature Potential (GTP) have also been considered. GTP gives ‘equivalent climate responses at a chosen time’ and there is less focus on the fluctuations in the shorter term than when choosing a ...
Climate change effects on human health
... period (2000s). The frequency of hot days is projected to rise steeply, with over a threefold increase by the 2080s. The number of cold days will decline at a less dramatic pace. The estimated temperature-related deaths per year in the UK (taking the actual or projected population levels into accoun ...
... period (2000s). The frequency of hot days is projected to rise steeply, with over a threefold increase by the 2080s. The number of cold days will decline at a less dramatic pace. The estimated temperature-related deaths per year in the UK (taking the actual or projected population levels into accoun ...
Typologies of Loss and Damage and Associated Actions
... How understanding L&D typologies might support the work of the ExCom Whilst an official definition of L&D may not be necessary politically, conflicting perceptions could be harmful for progress on the ground. For example, it is difficult to have practical conversations about actions to address L&D a ...
... How understanding L&D typologies might support the work of the ExCom Whilst an official definition of L&D may not be necessary politically, conflicting perceptions could be harmful for progress on the ground. For example, it is difficult to have practical conversations about actions to address L&D a ...
Quantifying the impacts of land surface schemes and dynamic
... budgets over land surface are important steps toward improving our confidence in climate change projections. In this study, the contribution of land surface models to the inter-GCM variation of projected future changes in land surface energy and water fluxes are assessed based on output from 19 global ...
... budgets over land surface are important steps toward improving our confidence in climate change projections. In this study, the contribution of land surface models to the inter-GCM variation of projected future changes in land surface energy and water fluxes are assessed based on output from 19 global ...
NB Climate Change Hub | News Monitoring | April
... University of Toronto researchers have identified the role of climate change on ozone distribution and atmospheric circulation over the earth’s surface.According to Michaela Hegglin, a postdoctoral fellow and lead researcher on the project, and professor Theodore Shepherd from the department of phys ...
... University of Toronto researchers have identified the role of climate change on ozone distribution and atmospheric circulation over the earth’s surface.According to Michaela Hegglin, a postdoctoral fellow and lead researcher on the project, and professor Theodore Shepherd from the department of phys ...
Burbank - Climate Change: Operational and Land Use Strategies
... • “More integrated transport and spatial planning policies might contain demand for motorized transport.” • Mode shifts … cannot … form the corner-stone of effective CO2 abatement policy and the prominence given to modal shift policies is at odds with indications that most modal shift policies achie ...
... • “More integrated transport and spatial planning policies might contain demand for motorized transport.” • Mode shifts … cannot … form the corner-stone of effective CO2 abatement policy and the prominence given to modal shift policies is at odds with indications that most modal shift policies achie ...
Boreal Forest and Climate Change
... no later than 2015 and must be reduced 50-85 per cent by 2050. However, with current climate change mitigation policies, greenhouse gas emissions will continue to grow over the next few decades.18 In fact, global CO2 emissions are presently increasing at a rate exceeding those in IPCC’s highest emis ...
... no later than 2015 and must be reduced 50-85 per cent by 2050. However, with current climate change mitigation policies, greenhouse gas emissions will continue to grow over the next few decades.18 In fact, global CO2 emissions are presently increasing at a rate exceeding those in IPCC’s highest emis ...
Climate Change and Children`s Health—A Call for Research
... 3.1.1. Air Pollution Air pollution is closely associated with climate change and is expected to worsen as climate change continues [12]. Climate change will affect future air quality through perturbing ventilation rates, precipitation scavenging, dry deposition, chemical production and loss rates, n ...
... 3.1.1. Air Pollution Air pollution is closely associated with climate change and is expected to worsen as climate change continues [12]. Climate change will affect future air quality through perturbing ventilation rates, precipitation scavenging, dry deposition, chemical production and loss rates, n ...
influence of surface/free-air decoupling on temperature trend patterns
... exposed free‐air locations. On a mean annual basis there are no strong relationships between temperature trend magnitude, elevation, topographic incision, or coupling index. However, in winter, warming is weaker at decoupled locations, especially when snow cover is present. Where snow is absent in w ...
... exposed free‐air locations. On a mean annual basis there are no strong relationships between temperature trend magnitude, elevation, topographic incision, or coupling index. However, in winter, warming is weaker at decoupled locations, especially when snow cover is present. Where snow is absent in w ...
Climate Change
... 1. Food security vulnerability to climate change begins with biophysical effects at the level of individual farms on plants and animals and the systems in which they are managed. These effects alter livelihoods in rural areas directly and urban areas indirectly. International markets transmit the ef ...
... 1. Food security vulnerability to climate change begins with biophysical effects at the level of individual farms on plants and animals and the systems in which they are managed. These effects alter livelihoods in rural areas directly and urban areas indirectly. International markets transmit the ef ...
Climate change and food_MULLIGAN_Accepted
... Spectrometer)-estimated long term total annual actual evapotranspiration from the satellite climatology assembled by (Mulligan, 2011). In these data (not shown) higher temperatures do correspond spatially with higher actual evapotranspiration and, on average, an increase in temperature of 1°C leads ...
... Spectrometer)-estimated long term total annual actual evapotranspiration from the satellite climatology assembled by (Mulligan, 2011). In these data (not shown) higher temperatures do correspond spatially with higher actual evapotranspiration and, on average, an increase in temperature of 1°C leads ...
Simple indices of global climate variability and change: Part I
... We use data from long control simulations with each of the models that have been performed without any change to the external forcing parameters. They therefore represent the intrinsic variability of the modelled coupled ocean–atmosphere system. The experiments from which we have data available are ...
... We use data from long control simulations with each of the models that have been performed without any change to the external forcing parameters. They therefore represent the intrinsic variability of the modelled coupled ocean–atmosphere system. The experiments from which we have data available are ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.