Energy Makeovers Pty Ltd - Department of Environment, Land
... Climate Change Authority (CCA) "recommends a 2025 target for Australia of 30 per cent below 2000 levels. The CCA considers this target is comparable to the efforts of other countries. In recommending targets, the CCA attaches most weight to the science of climate change, the efforts of comparable co ...
... Climate Change Authority (CCA) "recommends a 2025 target for Australia of 30 per cent below 2000 levels. The CCA considers this target is comparable to the efforts of other countries. In recommending targets, the CCA attaches most weight to the science of climate change, the efforts of comparable co ...
Projecting future climate change: Implications of carbon cycle
... components of the global carbon cycle, cataloged in model intercomparison studies, are simulated by a reduced form Earth system model employing a range of model parameters. The reduced form model, parameterized in this way, allows the integration of these components of the carbon cycle with an energ ...
... components of the global carbon cycle, cataloged in model intercomparison studies, are simulated by a reduced form Earth system model employing a range of model parameters. The reduced form model, parameterized in this way, allows the integration of these components of the carbon cycle with an energ ...
Great Barrier Reef
... Changes associated with climate change that will affect the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) include rising sea and air temperatures, ocean acidification, nutrient enrichment (via changes in rainfall regimes), altered light levels, more extreme weather events, changes to ocean circulation, and sealevel rise ...
... Changes associated with climate change that will affect the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) include rising sea and air temperatures, ocean acidification, nutrient enrichment (via changes in rainfall regimes), altered light levels, more extreme weather events, changes to ocean circulation, and sealevel rise ...
Nonlinear response of mid-latitude weather to the changing Arctic
... responses59,60. It may be that regional sea-ice loss will elicit robust signals in a shorter period. ...
... responses59,60. It may be that regional sea-ice loss will elicit robust signals in a shorter period. ...
Using climate information to support crop breeding decisions and
... the demand for water and energy could increase by 40 and 50% respectively and for food by 35% (2). These pressures could be further exacerbated by the changing climate, particularly in the longer-term. The global mean surface temperature change for the near-term (2016–2035), relative to 1986–2005 wi ...
... the demand for water and energy could increase by 40 and 50% respectively and for food by 35% (2). These pressures could be further exacerbated by the changing climate, particularly in the longer-term. The global mean surface temperature change for the near-term (2016–2035), relative to 1986–2005 wi ...
'Deciding our future in Copenhagen: will the world rise to the challenge of climate change?' (pdf)
... about 47 billion tonnes of carbon-dioxide-equivalent next year. These emissions will add to the concentration in the atmosphere, which is about 435 parts per million of carbon-dioxideequivalent. The concentration is rising by about 2.5 parts per million each year, and is currently more than a third ...
... about 47 billion tonnes of carbon-dioxide-equivalent next year. These emissions will add to the concentration in the atmosphere, which is about 435 parts per million of carbon-dioxideequivalent. The concentration is rising by about 2.5 parts per million each year, and is currently more than a third ...
Long-Term Climate Change Commitment and Reversibility: An EMIC Intercomparison Please share
... then gradually cools. The initial warming is due to the fast elimination of the negative radiative forcing associated with aerosols, which have a short atmospheric residence time. Greenhouse gases, on the other hand, have a longer atmospheric lifetime and their concentration and associated radiative ...
... then gradually cools. The initial warming is due to the fast elimination of the negative radiative forcing associated with aerosols, which have a short atmospheric residence time. Greenhouse gases, on the other hand, have a longer atmospheric lifetime and their concentration and associated radiative ...
Performance Benchmark E
... eventually migrate to the Earth’s stratosphere. In the stratosphere, CFCs react with O3 (ozone) ...
... eventually migrate to the Earth’s stratosphere. In the stratosphere, CFCs react with O3 (ozone) ...
NEW NORDIC CLIMATE SOLUTIONS – THE NORDIC PAVILION AT COP21 CLIMATE SOLUTIONS
... Ministers (KOL and TEG groups) ...
... Ministers (KOL and TEG groups) ...
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... eventually migrate to the Earth’s stratosphere. In the stratosphere, CFCs react with O3 (ozone) ...
... eventually migrate to the Earth’s stratosphere. In the stratosphere, CFCs react with O3 (ozone) ...
The implications of climate change scenario selection for future
... 2008). Global climate model (GCM) projections of future climate over a multi-decadal time frame indicate that the Colorado River Basin will become warmer. Projections of future precipitation are more complex, with the multi-model average of projections showing little change in annual precipitation i ...
... 2008). Global climate model (GCM) projections of future climate over a multi-decadal time frame indicate that the Colorado River Basin will become warmer. Projections of future precipitation are more complex, with the multi-model average of projections showing little change in annual precipitation i ...
Hydrologic impacts of climate change on the Nile River Basin
... to less water demanding crops and to livestock and non-agricultural sectors. Tate et al. (2004) analyzed the sensitivity of the water balance of Lake Victoria to climate change using HadCM3 A2 and B2 emission scenarios, and found that changes in annual rainfall and evaporation derived from HadCM3 im ...
... to less water demanding crops and to livestock and non-agricultural sectors. Tate et al. (2004) analyzed the sensitivity of the water balance of Lake Victoria to climate change using HadCM3 A2 and B2 emission scenarios, and found that changes in annual rainfall and evaporation derived from HadCM3 im ...
Report
... between upstream and downstream communities or between agricultural, industrial and municipal users, will increase in areas where precipitation declines. Two major goals of ecosystem management are improving the resistance and resilience of natural systems to climate changes. Resistance is the ecosy ...
... between upstream and downstream communities or between agricultural, industrial and municipal users, will increase in areas where precipitation declines. Two major goals of ecosystem management are improving the resistance and resilience of natural systems to climate changes. Resistance is the ecosy ...
Decline in Kelp in West Europe and Climate
... content. Although some studies have shown that kelp ecosystems are regressing and that multiple causes are likely to be at the origin of the disappearance of certain populations, the extent to which global climate change may play a role remains speculative. Here we show that many populations of L. d ...
... content. Although some studies have shown that kelp ecosystems are regressing and that multiple causes are likely to be at the origin of the disappearance of certain populations, the extent to which global climate change may play a role remains speculative. Here we show that many populations of L. d ...
PDF
... transform a society and create an exit from poverty, but it is not sufficient. Growth needs to be inclusive and sustained over long periods, otherwise groups excluded from the growth process will remain in poverty, and future generations risk remaining in or falling back into poverty. In developing ...
... transform a society and create an exit from poverty, but it is not sufficient. Growth needs to be inclusive and sustained over long periods, otherwise groups excluded from the growth process will remain in poverty, and future generations risk remaining in or falling back into poverty. In developing ...
Impact of Antarctic regional warming: Sea level rise from
... and continental-scale ice-sheet simulations, which are capable of resolving unstable grounding-line retreat, that the sea-level response of the Filchner–Ronne ice basin is not dominated by ice instability and follows the strength of the forcing quasi-linearly. We find that the ice loss reduces after ...
... and continental-scale ice-sheet simulations, which are capable of resolving unstable grounding-line retreat, that the sea-level response of the Filchner–Ronne ice basin is not dominated by ice instability and follows the strength of the forcing quasi-linearly. We find that the ice loss reduces after ...
LETTER Global metabolic impacts of recent climate warming
... increases in metabolic rates of tropical and north temperate organisms. Recent studies using diverse physiological and biophysical approaches indicate that tropical ectotherms may be particularly vulnerable to climate warming2,7,13,14,24,27, even though observed and predicted tropical warming is rel ...
... increases in metabolic rates of tropical and north temperate organisms. Recent studies using diverse physiological and biophysical approaches indicate that tropical ectotherms may be particularly vulnerable to climate warming2,7,13,14,24,27, even though observed and predicted tropical warming is rel ...
Working Paper 202 - Heal and Millner (opens in new window)
... (GHG) concentrations affect climate variables over time – and socio-economic uncertainty – what will the consequences of these changes be for society? We discuss these sources of uncertainty in detail in Heal & Millner (2014), and summarize the main points below. The uncertainty in scientific predic ...
... (GHG) concentrations affect climate variables over time – and socio-economic uncertainty – what will the consequences of these changes be for society? We discuss these sources of uncertainty in detail in Heal & Millner (2014), and summarize the main points below. The uncertainty in scientific predic ...
i4332e11
... differences among the world’s major crops – such as between C3 and C4 crops, and between crops grown in temperate and tropical latitudes. For example, a synthesis of adaptation studies of wheat yield found that adaptation counteracted the equivalent of 4.5 to 5oC of warming in the mid to high latitu ...
... differences among the world’s major crops – such as between C3 and C4 crops, and between crops grown in temperate and tropical latitudes. For example, a synthesis of adaptation studies of wheat yield found that adaptation counteracted the equivalent of 4.5 to 5oC of warming in the mid to high latitu ...
Global metabolic impacts of recent climate warming
... increases in metabolic rates of tropical and north temperate organisms. Recent studies using diverse physiological and biophysical approaches indicate that tropical ectotherms may be particularly vulnerable to climate warming2,7,13,14,24,27, even though observed and predicted tropical warming is rel ...
... increases in metabolic rates of tropical and north temperate organisms. Recent studies using diverse physiological and biophysical approaches indicate that tropical ectotherms may be particularly vulnerable to climate warming2,7,13,14,24,27, even though observed and predicted tropical warming is rel ...
Climate and Weather Discourse in Anthropology: From Determinism
... as Hippocrates, scholars theorized about how climate shapes society, assessing how climate differences, extremes, and seasonal patterns affected human activity (Harris 1968, 41–42). Focus on these topics often led to ethically dubious and racist theories like climatic (or geographic) determinism, in ...
... as Hippocrates, scholars theorized about how climate shapes society, assessing how climate differences, extremes, and seasonal patterns affected human activity (Harris 1968, 41–42). Focus on these topics often led to ethically dubious and racist theories like climatic (or geographic) determinism, in ...
Paths beyond Paris
... which expand the extractivist and free-market logic, continue to be promoted as unilateral, programmatic “solutions” to mitigate climate change and address deforestation and biodiversity loss. From carbon trading to forests and biodiversity offsets, the climate crisis has been turned into a business ...
... which expand the extractivist and free-market logic, continue to be promoted as unilateral, programmatic “solutions” to mitigate climate change and address deforestation and biodiversity loss. From carbon trading to forests and biodiversity offsets, the climate crisis has been turned into a business ...
univERsity oF copEnhAGEn
... ers of the first weather model intentionally ignored any vertical movement of air, fully aware of the fact that this simplification was far from realistic. Such simplifications in complex computer models are typical of this kind of model construction. Since there is no clear answer to the questio ...
... ers of the first weather model intentionally ignored any vertical movement of air, fully aware of the fact that this simplification was far from realistic. Such simplifications in complex computer models are typical of this kind of model construction. Since there is no clear answer to the questio ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.