UNFCCC First Ten Years
... 1990 and 2050 global mean temperatures could increase by between 0.8 and 2.6 degrees Celsius and by 2100 – between 1.4 and 5.8 degrees Celsius. In addition the Panel anticipated changes in levels of precipitation during the 21st century, both increases and decreases, in the range of 5% to 20%. The P ...
... 1990 and 2050 global mean temperatures could increase by between 0.8 and 2.6 degrees Celsius and by 2100 – between 1.4 and 5.8 degrees Celsius. In addition the Panel anticipated changes in levels of precipitation during the 21st century, both increases and decreases, in the range of 5% to 20%. The P ...
- Centre for Climate Change Research (CCCR)
... Heat stress conditions are likely to exacerbate (March to October) March, April, May and October are projected to have favourable conditions for mosquito growth (> End) – Impact on the animals is projected to be the maximum in the months of June, July and August INRM Consultants , New Delhi ...
... Heat stress conditions are likely to exacerbate (March to October) March, April, May and October are projected to have favourable conditions for mosquito growth (> End) – Impact on the animals is projected to be the maximum in the months of June, July and August INRM Consultants , New Delhi ...
Coalition formation in Integrated Assessment Models
... The project aims to provide an exploration of the current state of the art in research on the economic incentives of regions to engage in international climate policies, with special attention to the formation and stability of international climate agreements using Integrated Assessment Models. The ...
... The project aims to provide an exploration of the current state of the art in research on the economic incentives of regions to engage in international climate policies, with special attention to the formation and stability of international climate agreements using Integrated Assessment Models. The ...
Full Paper - EEE Seminar
... Ian Parry, John Roemer, Richard Schmalensee, Joseph Shapiro, Thomas Sterner, Massimo Tavoni, Gernot Wagner, David Weisbach. ...
... Ian Parry, John Roemer, Richard Schmalensee, Joseph Shapiro, Thomas Sterner, Massimo Tavoni, Gernot Wagner, David Weisbach. ...
what happens in the arctic doesn`t stay in the arctic
... over the last 30 years and this means that significantly more heat is being exchanged between the Arctic ocean and the surrounding atmosphere. The Arctic environment is integral to global climate systems, and this higher heat flux not only results in profound changes within local Arctic ecosystems, ...
... over the last 30 years and this means that significantly more heat is being exchanged between the Arctic ocean and the surrounding atmosphere. The Arctic environment is integral to global climate systems, and this higher heat flux not only results in profound changes within local Arctic ecosystems, ...
Making the Connection: Population Dynamics and Climate
... people to more than 7 billion people. We now live on a planet dominated by human activity, which has transformed vast areas of the Earth’s surface, altered the atmosphere, and resulted in the extinction of thousands of plant and animal species. Since the industrial revolution, human activities such ...
... people to more than 7 billion people. We now live on a planet dominated by human activity, which has transformed vast areas of the Earth’s surface, altered the atmosphere, and resulted in the extinction of thousands of plant and animal species. Since the industrial revolution, human activities such ...
The weather@home regional climate modelling project for Australia
... of simulations of possible weather under various climate scenarios. This combination of large ensemble sizes with high spatial resolution allows extreme events to be examined with well-constrained estimates of sampling uncertainty. This paper provides an overview of the weather@home Australia– New Z ...
... of simulations of possible weather under various climate scenarios. This combination of large ensemble sizes with high spatial resolution allows extreme events to be examined with well-constrained estimates of sampling uncertainty. This paper provides an overview of the weather@home Australia– New Z ...
Climate Change and the Law
... subject. We recognize that climate change and the law might seem both too narrow (it is after all only one inter-related problem that has not yet spawned its own field of law) and too broad (involving, for example, international, national, and subnational law), but we think that addressing such a co ...
... subject. We recognize that climate change and the law might seem both too narrow (it is after all only one inter-related problem that has not yet spawned its own field of law) and too broad (involving, for example, international, national, and subnational law), but we think that addressing such a co ...
Warming Impact—Disease - Open Evidence Archive
... on its land surfaces. Mathematical models allow scientists to simulate the behavior of complex systems such as climate and explore how these systems respond to natural and human factors. The world's oceans have absorbed about 20 times as much heat as the atmosphere over the past half-century, leadin ...
... on its land surfaces. Mathematical models allow scientists to simulate the behavior of complex systems such as climate and explore how these systems respond to natural and human factors. The world's oceans have absorbed about 20 times as much heat as the atmosphere over the past half-century, leadin ...
complete collection in -format
... Today, the single most challenging environmental issue facing the international community is global warming. In 1885 the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer was adopted based on the Precautionary Principle, followed by the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone La ...
... Today, the single most challenging environmental issue facing the international community is global warming. In 1885 the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer was adopted based on the Precautionary Principle, followed by the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone La ...
Progress in Physical Geography
... one of the major public concerns (Soon and Baliunas, 2003) and, with this, there is the potential redistribution of surface water resources on the earth (Waggoner, 1990). Since 1900, temperatures in the western USA have risen by 1–3°C (US Global Change Research Program, 2001). The region has general ...
... one of the major public concerns (Soon and Baliunas, 2003) and, with this, there is the potential redistribution of surface water resources on the earth (Waggoner, 1990). Since 1900, temperatures in the western USA have risen by 1–3°C (US Global Change Research Program, 2001). The region has general ...
Potential Arctic tundra vegetation shifts in
... Climate change in the Arctic region affects tundra vegetation composition. The northernmost tundra is dominated by mosses and lichens due to the extremely low summer temperatures. Southwards, with increasing summer temperatures, graminoids and dwarf shrubs increase in abundance (Walker et al., 2005) ...
... Climate change in the Arctic region affects tundra vegetation composition. The northernmost tundra is dominated by mosses and lichens due to the extremely low summer temperatures. Southwards, with increasing summer temperatures, graminoids and dwarf shrubs increase in abundance (Walker et al., 2005) ...
Chapter 4: Traditional Ricardian Method and
... climate such as wind speed or sunlight but one must be careful about variables such as evapotranspiration that already reflect precipitation and temperature to avoid double counting effects. ...
... climate such as wind speed or sunlight but one must be careful about variables such as evapotranspiration that already reflect precipitation and temperature to avoid double counting effects. ...
SHAKY SCIENCE: INCONVENIENT TRUTHS CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS
... science which is now nearly three years old is a recipe for failure. As an example, repeated claims are made in the TSD (based upon the IPCC) that increases in tropical cyclone activity, including current trends and future projections, are likely largely influenced by human greenhouse gas emissions. ...
... science which is now nearly three years old is a recipe for failure. As an example, repeated claims are made in the TSD (based upon the IPCC) that increases in tropical cyclone activity, including current trends and future projections, are likely largely influenced by human greenhouse gas emissions. ...
Global Concern about Climate Change, Broad Support for Limiting
... disagreements over global warming within the ruling, right-of-center Liberal Party contributed to the 2015 ouster of Prime Minister Tony Abbott and his replacement by Malcolm Turnbull. Just 31% of Liberals expect global warming to harm them personally, compared with 65% of Labor Party supporters and ...
... disagreements over global warming within the ruling, right-of-center Liberal Party contributed to the 2015 ouster of Prime Minister Tony Abbott and his replacement by Malcolm Turnbull. Just 31% of Liberals expect global warming to harm them personally, compared with 65% of Labor Party supporters and ...
A look at the Cuban experience of protection against
... The lessons, methodologies and practical experiences that Cuba offers could be the subject of greater debate and analysis to evaluate their possible contributions toward other efforts to confront climate change in other countries in the Latin American region or around the world. ...
... The lessons, methodologies and practical experiences that Cuba offers could be the subject of greater debate and analysis to evaluate their possible contributions toward other efforts to confront climate change in other countries in the Latin American region or around the world. ...
A look at the Cuban experience of protection against climate change
... The lessons, methodologies and practical experiences that Cuba offers could be the subject of greater debate and analysis to evaluate their possible contributions toward other efforts to confront climate change in other countries in the Latin American region or around the world. ...
... The lessons, methodologies and practical experiences that Cuba offers could be the subject of greater debate and analysis to evaluate their possible contributions toward other efforts to confront climate change in other countries in the Latin American region or around the world. ...
oceaN acidiFicatioN iN deep time oceaN acidiFicatioN iN deep time
... and thus the patterns of atmospheric and oceanic circulation were likely quite different from today. Add to that profound changes in global ocean chemistry and biota, and it becomes difficult to compare directly Earth’s observed response to elevated CO2 in the distant past with our projections of it ...
... and thus the patterns of atmospheric and oceanic circulation were likely quite different from today. Add to that profound changes in global ocean chemistry and biota, and it becomes difficult to compare directly Earth’s observed response to elevated CO2 in the distant past with our projections of it ...
H4.2 Ice cap and glacier
... from snow-drifting, avalanches, or ice deposition in cold-bottom karst dolines. Called glacierets, these small ice masses may have an existence limited to a few years. They are especially sensitive to global warming of the climate. Climate change may cause variations in both temperature and snowfall ...
... from snow-drifting, avalanches, or ice deposition in cold-bottom karst dolines. Called glacierets, these small ice masses may have an existence limited to a few years. They are especially sensitive to global warming of the climate. Climate change may cause variations in both temperature and snowfall ...
The terrestrial biosphere as a net source of greenhouse gases to the
... methane and nitrous oxide emissions in particular can contribute to climate change2,3. The terrestrial biogenic fluxes of individual greenhouse gases have been studied extensively4–6, but the net biogenic greenhouse gas balance resulting from anthropogenic activities and its effect on the climate sy ...
... methane and nitrous oxide emissions in particular can contribute to climate change2,3. The terrestrial biogenic fluxes of individual greenhouse gases have been studied extensively4–6, but the net biogenic greenhouse gas balance resulting from anthropogenic activities and its effect on the climate sy ...
Dynamic Coasts in a Changing Climate
... tidal flats in Canada are dominated by boulders of glacial origin and form distinctive formations such as boulder barricades and garlands (Forbes and Taylor, 1994). Deltas are widespread river-mouth features that often attract human habitation. Large deltas occur at the mouths of the Mackenzie and F ...
... tidal flats in Canada are dominated by boulders of glacial origin and form distinctive formations such as boulder barricades and garlands (Forbes and Taylor, 1994). Deltas are widespread river-mouth features that often attract human habitation. Large deltas occur at the mouths of the Mackenzie and F ...
Terrestrial ecosystems response to future changes
... pre-industrial control case in which atmospheric CO2 concentration is held at 284.7 ppm. The shading indicates the range across the three ensemble members for each case. Figure 1a plots the time series of the atmospheric CO2 concentration and Fig. 1b the cumulative global atmosphere– land CO2 flux F ...
... pre-industrial control case in which atmospheric CO2 concentration is held at 284.7 ppm. The shading indicates the range across the three ensemble members for each case. Figure 1a plots the time series of the atmospheric CO2 concentration and Fig. 1b the cumulative global atmosphere– land CO2 flux F ...
PDF
... using three different climate models. For the three different models, the estimates in different countries not only vary significantly, but also the ranking changes for many countries. his provides another example of how risk sharing or transfer schemes could reduce welfare costs of uncertain clima ...
... using three different climate models. For the three different models, the estimates in different countries not only vary significantly, but also the ranking changes for many countries. his provides another example of how risk sharing or transfer schemes could reduce welfare costs of uncertain clima ...
A simple carbon cycle representation for
... Many simple IAMs use a linearized representation of ocean carbon uptake (for review, see Hof et al, 2012; van Vuuren et al, 2011), but linearized representations cannot fully reproduce the ocean response to increased atmospheric CO2 : rapid initial uptake followed by a slow ‘long-tail’ equilibration ...
... Many simple IAMs use a linearized representation of ocean carbon uptake (for review, see Hof et al, 2012; van Vuuren et al, 2011), but linearized representations cannot fully reproduce the ocean response to increased atmospheric CO2 : rapid initial uptake followed by a slow ‘long-tail’ equilibration ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.