IPCC WGI AR5 Chapter Template
... Human influence on the climate system is clear, and recent anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases are the highest in history. Recent climate changes have had widespread impacts on human and natural systems. {1} SPM 1.1 ...
... Human influence on the climate system is clear, and recent anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases are the highest in history. Recent climate changes have had widespread impacts on human and natural systems. {1} SPM 1.1 ...
Coastal Climate Change Report
... minimum assessment factors depend on life of asset Methodologies – use SLR benchmarks Similar to NZ MfE Coastal Hazards and Climate Change Guidance Manual (not as broad in scope) ...
... minimum assessment factors depend on life of asset Methodologies – use SLR benchmarks Similar to NZ MfE Coastal Hazards and Climate Change Guidance Manual (not as broad in scope) ...
Climate: Observations, projections and impacts: Egypt
... us agree to limit temperature rise to 2 °C and set us in the right direction for reaching a climate change deal to achieve this. However, we still have considerable work to do and I believe that key economies and major emitters have a leadership role in ensuring a successful outcome in Durban and be ...
... us agree to limit temperature rise to 2 °C and set us in the right direction for reaching a climate change deal to achieve this. However, we still have considerable work to do and I believe that key economies and major emitters have a leadership role in ensuring a successful outcome in Durban and be ...
Application of Self-Organizing-Maps Technique in Downscaling
... assessments are needed to complement the broad impact assessments such as those provided by Global Climate Models (GCMs) (Feenstra et al., 1997). GCMs represent physical processes in the atmosphere, ocean, cryosphere, and land surface. They are widely known to be the most advanced tools currently av ...
... assessments are needed to complement the broad impact assessments such as those provided by Global Climate Models (GCMs) (Feenstra et al., 1997). GCMs represent physical processes in the atmosphere, ocean, cryosphere, and land surface. They are widely known to be the most advanced tools currently av ...
The Need for (and Obstacles to) Regional Collective Action in Climate Adaptation
... Climate Change and Sustainable Development issued at COP8, climate adaptation was of “high priority” and required “urgent attention and action on the part of all countries.” To help promote climate adaptation, COP7 created three funds to support adaptation: the Adaptation Fund (AF), the Least Develo ...
... Climate Change and Sustainable Development issued at COP8, climate adaptation was of “high priority” and required “urgent attention and action on the part of all countries.” To help promote climate adaptation, COP7 created three funds to support adaptation: the Adaptation Fund (AF), the Least Develo ...
Comparing impacts of climate change on streamflow in four large
... model is described in detail in Krysanova et al. (2000) and Krysanova et al. (2005). Recent model developments and extensions that are used in the different basin model projects for this study are described in Sect. 3.3. SWIM disaggregates a river basin to subbasins and hydrotopes. The subbasins wer ...
... model is described in detail in Krysanova et al. (2000) and Krysanova et al. (2005). Recent model developments and extensions that are used in the different basin model projects for this study are described in Sect. 3.3. SWIM disaggregates a river basin to subbasins and hydrotopes. The subbasins wer ...
Uncertainty in science and its role in climate policy
... Indeterminacy also includes situations where there are variations in personal values, and may reflect an honest diversity between individuals as to what constitutes a reasonable chance to take. Before the first atomic bomb was tested, a calculation was made to estimate the chance of inadvertently dest ...
... Indeterminacy also includes situations where there are variations in personal values, and may reflect an honest diversity between individuals as to what constitutes a reasonable chance to take. Before the first atomic bomb was tested, a calculation was made to estimate the chance of inadvertently dest ...
Contrasting urban and rural heat stress responses to climate change
... Consequently, they lead to heat stress and can increase both morbidity and mortality [Basu and Samet, 2002]. [5] Urban air temperatures are substantially higher than corresponding temperatures in the surrounding rural areas. This so-called urban heat island (UHI) effect that arises from the differen ...
... Consequently, they lead to heat stress and can increase both morbidity and mortality [Basu and Samet, 2002]. [5] Urban air temperatures are substantially higher than corresponding temperatures in the surrounding rural areas. This so-called urban heat island (UHI) effect that arises from the differen ...
Climates of change: human dimensions of Holocene
... burning curve for the highlands of New Guinea shows a dramatic increase in response to increased climate variability after 6000 cal yr BP and peaking between 4500 and 1000 cal yr BP (Haberle et al., 2001). Rainfall levels in northern Australia decreased after 3500 cal yr BP, with more open vegetatio ...
... burning curve for the highlands of New Guinea shows a dramatic increase in response to increased climate variability after 6000 cal yr BP and peaking between 4500 and 1000 cal yr BP (Haberle et al., 2001). Rainfall levels in northern Australia decreased after 3500 cal yr BP, with more open vegetatio ...
515475 Alabama Law Review 62.5 R3.ps
... See OUR COMMON FUTURE, supra note 3, at 32–33; Tim Jackson, The Challenge of Sustainable Lifestyles, in STATE OF THE WORLD 2008, supra note 5, at 47–48 (2008) (“[T]he Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has estimated that the world needs to reduce global emissions by as much as 80 percent over ...
... See OUR COMMON FUTURE, supra note 3, at 32–33; Tim Jackson, The Challenge of Sustainable Lifestyles, in STATE OF THE WORLD 2008, supra note 5, at 47–48 (2008) (“[T]he Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has estimated that the world needs to reduce global emissions by as much as 80 percent over ...
estimation of greenhouse gas emissions from landfills: application to
... landfill gas. Methane is regarded as one of the most important GHGs because its global warming potential has been estimated to be more than 20 times of that of carbon dioxide and atmospheric methane concentration has been increasing in the range of 1–2% per year (IPCC, 2007a). The atmospheric concen ...
... landfill gas. Methane is regarded as one of the most important GHGs because its global warming potential has been estimated to be more than 20 times of that of carbon dioxide and atmospheric methane concentration has been increasing in the range of 1–2% per year (IPCC, 2007a). The atmospheric concen ...
Applying Risk Informed Decision-Making Framework for Climate
... As an island state, Hawai’i is at high risk to impacts from by anthropogenic-induced climate change. Climate change is predicted to significantly alter freshwater supplies, from anticipated reductions to mean annual rainfall to increased frequency and intensities of large storm events. With the majo ...
... As an island state, Hawai’i is at high risk to impacts from by anthropogenic-induced climate change. Climate change is predicted to significantly alter freshwater supplies, from anticipated reductions to mean annual rainfall to increased frequency and intensities of large storm events. With the majo ...
http://en.openei.org/w/images/2/29/GhanaGreen.pdf
... within our Shared Growth and Development Agenda (GSGDA). Four areas illustrate the wide range of adaptation issues in Ghana, showing why adaptation matters for economic and social development: infrastructure; natural resources; agriculture and food security; and disaster preparedness and response. T ...
... within our Shared Growth and Development Agenda (GSGDA). Four areas illustrate the wide range of adaptation issues in Ghana, showing why adaptation matters for economic and social development: infrastructure; natural resources; agriculture and food security; and disaster preparedness and response. T ...
UK Climate action following the Paris Agreement
... Do not set new UK emissions targets now. The UK already has stretching targets to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Achieving them will be a positive contribution to global climate action. In line with the Paris Agreement, the Government has indicated it intends at some point to set a UK target for r ...
... Do not set new UK emissions targets now. The UK already has stretching targets to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Achieving them will be a positive contribution to global climate action. In line with the Paris Agreement, the Government has indicated it intends at some point to set a UK target for r ...
Provenance Trials in Alpine Range – Review and Perspectives for
... science and management [1-3]. Impact of climate change on forest ecosystems in Europe has been discussed controversially. It is generally agreed that increasing temperatures will lead to higher photosynthetic activity, faster growth and therefore higher forest net productivity, at least in large par ...
... science and management [1-3]. Impact of climate change on forest ecosystems in Europe has been discussed controversially. It is generally agreed that increasing temperatures will lead to higher photosynthetic activity, faster growth and therefore higher forest net productivity, at least in large par ...
PDF
... Increasingly intense economic activities are triggering a range of global environmental risks to health and well-being of unprecedented scale and of a systemic nature. Climate change is a burgeoning reality. The global mean surface temperature has increased by 0.74±0.18°C over the last 100 years, wh ...
... Increasingly intense economic activities are triggering a range of global environmental risks to health and well-being of unprecedented scale and of a systemic nature. Climate change is a burgeoning reality. The global mean surface temperature has increased by 0.74±0.18°C over the last 100 years, wh ...
Climate change implications for New Zealand
... changes can result in decision-making being postponed until changes are clearer. This ‘wait and see’ approach is in itself risky, since the direction and rough magnitude of climate changes, and the associated increases in key risks, are well understood. Experience from non-climate issues shows that ...
... changes can result in decision-making being postponed until changes are clearer. This ‘wait and see’ approach is in itself risky, since the direction and rough magnitude of climate changes, and the associated increases in key risks, are well understood. Experience from non-climate issues shows that ...
A SUCCESSOR FOR THE KYOTO PROTOCOL
... the continuous burning of fossil fuels in energy generation, as well as deforestation, humans have released more than acceptable levels of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Furthermore, through agricultural activities, changes in land use and other resources, methane and nitrous oxide are also bei ...
... the continuous burning of fossil fuels in energy generation, as well as deforestation, humans have released more than acceptable levels of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Furthermore, through agricultural activities, changes in land use and other resources, methane and nitrous oxide are also bei ...
Solution Aversion: On the Relation Between Ideology and Motivated
... temperature increases will be consequential, and that humankind is largely responsible for climate change (and humankind is also the cause of other environment risks, such as lung damage; State of the Air, 2013). However, there is a near political party-line divide over the veracity of many of the ...
... temperature increases will be consequential, and that humankind is largely responsible for climate change (and humankind is also the cause of other environment risks, such as lung damage; State of the Air, 2013). However, there is a near political party-line divide over the veracity of many of the ...
Executive Summary
... As stated in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 4th Assessment Report, warming of the climate system is unequivocal (IPCC 2007). Most of the observed increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in atmospheric greenh ...
... As stated in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 4th Assessment Report, warming of the climate system is unequivocal (IPCC 2007). Most of the observed increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in atmospheric greenh ...
Farming in a Changing Climate in Manitoba
... Table of Contents Can You Make a Difference? .............................................................................................................................................. 3 What is Climate Change? ..................................................................................... ...
... Table of Contents Can You Make a Difference? .............................................................................................................................................. 3 What is Climate Change? ..................................................................................... ...
Climate Change Adaptation Position Paper
... Higher temperatures leading to increased costs of air conditioning in stations and on passenger services (both capital and operating costs) and possible power overloads and failures on operational systems ...
... Higher temperatures leading to increased costs of air conditioning in stations and on passenger services (both capital and operating costs) and possible power overloads and failures on operational systems ...
Climate Change Riparian Restoration
... adaptation to climate change. Because riparian systems and the projected impacts of climate change are highly variable geographically, there is a pressing need to develop a place-based understanding of climate change threats to riparian ecosystems. Restoration practitioners should consider how they ...
... adaptation to climate change. Because riparian systems and the projected impacts of climate change are highly variable geographically, there is a pressing need to develop a place-based understanding of climate change threats to riparian ecosystems. Restoration practitioners should consider how they ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.