Greenhouse Effect - Stephen Schneider
... based on assumed rates of growth in the use of fossil fuels (11). Most typical projections are in the 0.5 to 2% annual growth range for fossil fuel use and imply that CO2 concentrations will double (to 600 ppm) in the 21st century (12, 12a). There is virtually no dispute among scientists that the CO ...
... based on assumed rates of growth in the use of fossil fuels (11). Most typical projections are in the 0.5 to 2% annual growth range for fossil fuel use and imply that CO2 concentrations will double (to 600 ppm) in the 21st century (12, 12a). There is virtually no dispute among scientists that the CO ...
Metamorphosis of Religious and Visual Signs in the Context of
... climate change determine human world outlook, a search for new visions of world development is intensified in such moments as well as philosophic, artistic and religious activeness of human soul. In all times of human beings life the climate change was manifested in different aspects, including their ...
... climate change determine human world outlook, a search for new visions of world development is intensified in such moments as well as philosophic, artistic and religious activeness of human soul. In all times of human beings life the climate change was manifested in different aspects, including their ...
Assessing the potential impacts of climate change on food
... safety policies should be able to counterbalance the probable negative impacts on public health. A large number of studies have examined the role of surface water, tap water and heavy rainfall events in the transmission of Cryptosporidium. Erratic precipitation events are predicted to increase crypt ...
... safety policies should be able to counterbalance the probable negative impacts on public health. A large number of studies have examined the role of surface water, tap water and heavy rainfall events in the transmission of Cryptosporidium. Erratic precipitation events are predicted to increase crypt ...
Introduction to climate change
... Climate change is the biggest single issue facing us today. The scale far outweighs any environmental crisis humans have faced. Climate change scientists are in agreement that climate change is increasing, and human activity is pushing it to dangerous levels. Cuts in carbon emission of between 50-80 ...
... Climate change is the biggest single issue facing us today. The scale far outweighs any environmental crisis humans have faced. Climate change scientists are in agreement that climate change is increasing, and human activity is pushing it to dangerous levels. Cuts in carbon emission of between 50-80 ...
Comment by: Patrick J. Michaels and Paul C. Knappenberger
... determination reflected a greater degree of certainty that a low ECS value could be excluded than did the IPCC. From the IWG2010 (p. 14): “Finally, we note the IPCC judgment that the equilibrium climate sensitivity “is very likely larger than 1.5°C.” Although the calibrated Roe & Baker distribution, ...
... determination reflected a greater degree of certainty that a low ECS value could be excluded than did the IPCC. From the IWG2010 (p. 14): “Finally, we note the IPCC judgment that the equilibrium climate sensitivity “is very likely larger than 1.5°C.” Although the calibrated Roe & Baker distribution, ...
Coupled General Circulation Modeling
... • Flux adjustments allow sensitivity experiments to be performed while better models (i.e., those with smaller errors) are under development. February 26, 2003 ...
... • Flux adjustments allow sensitivity experiments to be performed while better models (i.e., those with smaller errors) are under development. February 26, 2003 ...
Beyond long-term averages: making biological sense of a rapidly
... accurately capture limits under future, novel climatic conditions [24,25]. An explicit focus on the weather patterns likely to occur under future climate scenarios [26] coupled with knowledge of which factors most affect organisms [14] will provide insights into this dilemma. For example, many studi ...
... accurately capture limits under future, novel climatic conditions [24,25]. An explicit focus on the weather patterns likely to occur under future climate scenarios [26] coupled with knowledge of which factors most affect organisms [14] will provide insights into this dilemma. For example, many studi ...
Changing monsoon patterns, snow and glacial melt, its
... RCM simulations for the Indian subcontinent and the Himalayas at high resolution (25 km) from 1960 to 2100, Mathison et al. (in this issue) provide another ensemble of simulations for the region, and illustrate an increase in temperature between the baseline (1970–2000) and the 2050s (2040–2070) of ...
... RCM simulations for the Indian subcontinent and the Himalayas at high resolution (25 km) from 1960 to 2100, Mathison et al. (in this issue) provide another ensemble of simulations for the region, and illustrate an increase in temperature between the baseline (1970–2000) and the 2050s (2040–2070) of ...
Deep-ocean contribution to sea level and energy budget - e
... series has a linear trend of 2.0 ± 0.1 mm yr−1 . The uncertainties quoted here (and throughout unless otherwise noted) represent random errors plus the formal error from the linear fit estimated as described in Methods. Systematic errors (that is, temporally correlated) are dealt with separately, as ...
... series has a linear trend of 2.0 ± 0.1 mm yr−1 . The uncertainties quoted here (and throughout unless otherwise noted) represent random errors plus the formal error from the linear fit estimated as described in Methods. Systematic errors (that is, temporally correlated) are dealt with separately, as ...
Climate Change
... travel by air, and increased global trade using shipping to transport freight, have also added to the problem. The increasing demand for food by the exponentially growing population has also led to changes in the atmosphere. Methane produces 21 times as much greenhouse warming as CO2. Methane levels ...
... travel by air, and increased global trade using shipping to transport freight, have also added to the problem. The increasing demand for food by the exponentially growing population has also led to changes in the atmosphere. Methane produces 21 times as much greenhouse warming as CO2. Methane levels ...
Long-Term Ecological Records and Their Relevance to Climate
... a suite of predictive species distribution models (e.g., Guisan & Thuiller 2005). These bioclimatic envelope models predict current and future range shifts and estimate the distances and rates of movement required for species to track the change in climate and move into suitable new climate space (e ...
... a suite of predictive species distribution models (e.g., Guisan & Thuiller 2005). These bioclimatic envelope models predict current and future range shifts and estimate the distances and rates of movement required for species to track the change in climate and move into suitable new climate space (e ...
Have disaster losses increased due to anthropogenic climate change?
... not been addressed in a systematic manner by major scientific assessments. Here I present a review and analysis of recent quantitative studies on past increases in weather ...
... not been addressed in a systematic manner by major scientific assessments. Here I present a review and analysis of recent quantitative studies on past increases in weather ...
Climate Change and British Woodland
... warming of some 3–5 ºC over the coming century. This magnitude and rate of change has not occurred since before the last ice age. The implications of this level of temperature change are further highlighted by the observation that, during the last ice age, mean northern hemisphere temperatures were ...
... warming of some 3–5 ºC over the coming century. This magnitude and rate of change has not occurred since before the last ice age. The implications of this level of temperature change are further highlighted by the observation that, during the last ice age, mean northern hemisphere temperatures were ...
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSRJMCE)
... Technical research studies of physical and hydrological state highlighted system vulnerability in forms of; shoreline advancement and land inundation, saltwater intrusion into coastal aquifer, and drainage water exceedance than assimilative capacity of the present network. Recommended adaptation mea ...
... Technical research studies of physical and hydrological state highlighted system vulnerability in forms of; shoreline advancement and land inundation, saltwater intrusion into coastal aquifer, and drainage water exceedance than assimilative capacity of the present network. Recommended adaptation mea ...
Projecting Climate Change in Hawaii
... the USA, fully 25% of the species on the US government’s official endangered list are found only in Hawai‘i. Climate change in Hawai‘i will threaten habitats and perturb island ecosystems, not only on land, but also along the coastline and in the surrounding ocean. The latter will be further stresse ...
... the USA, fully 25% of the species on the US government’s official endangered list are found only in Hawai‘i. Climate change in Hawai‘i will threaten habitats and perturb island ecosystems, not only on land, but also along the coastline and in the surrounding ocean. The latter will be further stresse ...
1950-2100
... project several RCMs runs have been produced at a high horizontal resolution (25km). The control run represents the base period 1961-1990 ...
... project several RCMs runs have been produced at a high horizontal resolution (25km). The control run represents the base period 1961-1990 ...
IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology (IOSR-JESTFT)
... in minimum temperatures at all selected weather stations. Arising from these estimates, it is safe to conclude that Rwanda is likely to experience more cool spells in the coming years especially in the northern highlands, which naturally have the lowest temperatures. However, these changes will not ...
... in minimum temperatures at all selected weather stations. Arising from these estimates, it is safe to conclude that Rwanda is likely to experience more cool spells in the coming years especially in the northern highlands, which naturally have the lowest temperatures. However, these changes will not ...
LCCARL267_en.pdf
... 2,515,900 km2 (other sources estimate the area to be more than 3 million km2), and comprising some of the territorial waters and coastal areas of 39 bordering countries and territories. The 116 million people living within 100 km of the sea are highly dependent on the services it provides as an ecos ...
... 2,515,900 km2 (other sources estimate the area to be more than 3 million km2), and comprising some of the territorial waters and coastal areas of 39 bordering countries and territories. The 116 million people living within 100 km of the sea are highly dependent on the services it provides as an ecos ...
Earth system sensitivity inferred from Pliocene modelling and data
... one of the cornerstones of climate research. Components of the Earth’s climate system that vary over long timescales, such as ice sheets and vegetation, could have an important effect on this temperature sensitivity, but have often been neglected. Here we use a coupled atmosphere–ocean general circu ...
... one of the cornerstones of climate research. Components of the Earth’s climate system that vary over long timescales, such as ice sheets and vegetation, could have an important effect on this temperature sensitivity, but have often been neglected. Here we use a coupled atmosphere–ocean general circu ...
Danish Climate Centre Report 07-02 Regional climate change
... Assessments of climate variability and change with a focus on the Arctic in general and Greenland in particular have to consider uncertainties related to the paucity of reliable observations and, for projections of future climate, the large natural variability that makes it difficult to detect an an ...
... Assessments of climate variability and change with a focus on the Arctic in general and Greenland in particular have to consider uncertainties related to the paucity of reliable observations and, for projections of future climate, the large natural variability that makes it difficult to detect an an ...
Assessment of the impacts of climate change and weather extremes
... noted that Norway spruce has a very superficial root system that, depending on local site conditions, can make it sensitive to drought or changes in soil water regime (von Röhrig 1966, Köstler et al. 1968, Puhe 1994, 2003, Sverdrup et al. 2005). Drought is currently limiting the competitive advantag ...
... noted that Norway spruce has a very superficial root system that, depending on local site conditions, can make it sensitive to drought or changes in soil water regime (von Röhrig 1966, Köstler et al. 1968, Puhe 1994, 2003, Sverdrup et al. 2005). Drought is currently limiting the competitive advantag ...
Climate change and impacts in the Eastern Mediterranean and the
... economies that are dependent on agricultural production and where the adaptive capacity is limited. • Increasing growing seasons – Climate change can affect agriculture directly through the meteorological conditions that influence crop growth and yield. By the mid-21st Century the length of the EMME ...
... economies that are dependent on agricultural production and where the adaptive capacity is limited. • Increasing growing seasons – Climate change can affect agriculture directly through the meteorological conditions that influence crop growth and yield. By the mid-21st Century the length of the EMME ...
Consequences of Climate Warming and Altered Precipitation
... Thus, climate warming may result in positive, negative, or potentially no effect on forest productivity, depending on individual species responses under different climate change scenarios as well as interacting climate change factors (Kirschbaum, 2000). In particular, the effects of warming may dif ...
... Thus, climate warming may result in positive, negative, or potentially no effect on forest productivity, depending on individual species responses under different climate change scenarios as well as interacting climate change factors (Kirschbaum, 2000). In particular, the effects of warming may dif ...
PandanusOctober2016 PDF
... Within the MCC program and guided by its fundamental mission of “getting to know one’s neighbor,” the boot camp was an exploratory forum for the 57 cultural practitioners, managers, scientists, graduate students, and community leaders to come together in person and collectively address important iss ...
... Within the MCC program and guided by its fundamental mission of “getting to know one’s neighbor,” the boot camp was an exploratory forum for the 57 cultural practitioners, managers, scientists, graduate students, and community leaders to come together in person and collectively address important iss ...
Gray v Minister for Planning: The Rising Tide, of Climate Change
... assessment of the impacts of burning the coal (Scope 3 emissions)5 on the environment, the EA failed to comply with the direction from the DG in the EA requirements (‘EARs’) to include a ‘detailed greenhouse gas assessment’. His second argument was that in deciding that the assessment complied with ...
... assessment of the impacts of burning the coal (Scope 3 emissions)5 on the environment, the EA failed to comply with the direction from the DG in the EA requirements (‘EARs’) to include a ‘detailed greenhouse gas assessment’. His second argument was that in deciding that the assessment complied with ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.