The Role of Regional SST Warming Variations in the - NCAR-RAL
... models show a Gill-type response to the warming minimum, with low-level anticyclonic circulations and upperlevel cyclonic circulation to the northwest of the area of reduced warming (Rauscher et al. 2008). In contrast to the TNA, the tropical eastern Pacific warms more than the zonal mean. Such a wa ...
... models show a Gill-type response to the warming minimum, with low-level anticyclonic circulations and upperlevel cyclonic circulation to the northwest of the area of reduced warming (Rauscher et al. 2008). In contrast to the TNA, the tropical eastern Pacific warms more than the zonal mean. Such a wa ...
Climate Change and Children in the Brazilian Amazon Region
... the country that may be severely affected in terms of climate and social vulnerability. While there may be debates on the extent and pace of the effects of change, it is predicted that one of the most vulnerable regions to climate change will be the semiarid Northeast 5, due to its strong seasonal h ...
... the country that may be severely affected in terms of climate and social vulnerability. While there may be debates on the extent and pace of the effects of change, it is predicted that one of the most vulnerable regions to climate change will be the semiarid Northeast 5, due to its strong seasonal h ...
Temperature sensitivity of drought-induced tree mortality portends
... amplifying the effects of drought on tree mortality both for background rates of mortality and for regional die-off events (3, 16). Yet experimental assessment of whether warmer temperatures associated with drought exacerbate tree mortality is lacking for any tree species, and therefore tree mortali ...
... amplifying the effects of drought on tree mortality both for background rates of mortality and for regional die-off events (3, 16). Yet experimental assessment of whether warmer temperatures associated with drought exacerbate tree mortality is lacking for any tree species, and therefore tree mortali ...
Synthesis paper: Perspectives on Loss and Damage
... attribute these to recent changes in climate. In some cases, there are recent decadal trends that can be picked through observations, e.g. increases in annual temperature rise, or early sea level rise signals. In many qualitative national studies, these have then been highlighted ...
... attribute these to recent changes in climate. In some cases, there are recent decadal trends that can be picked through observations, e.g. increases in annual temperature rise, or early sea level rise signals. In many qualitative national studies, these have then been highlighted ...
building strong
... Sum of monthly Temp avg where Temp avg >= 5 deg C Integer number of consecutive months where Temp avg >= 5 deg C Available water holding capacity of soil Bulk density of soil Carbon content of soil Nitrogen content of soil Compound topographic index (relative wetness) Solar interception Day/night di ...
... Sum of monthly Temp avg where Temp avg >= 5 deg C Integer number of consecutive months where Temp avg >= 5 deg C Available water holding capacity of soil Bulk density of soil Carbon content of soil Nitrogen content of soil Compound topographic index (relative wetness) Solar interception Day/night di ...
Systems thinking methodology in researching the impacts of climate
... climate change and livestock industry is not only the effects of changing climate on animal production (e.g. lost live weight, heat stress or compromise reproduction ability), or how livestock sector contributes to climate change in terms of greenhouse gases emission. It is also related to other sec ...
... climate change and livestock industry is not only the effects of changing climate on animal production (e.g. lost live weight, heat stress or compromise reproduction ability), or how livestock sector contributes to climate change in terms of greenhouse gases emission. It is also related to other sec ...
February 2010 Minutes - Rubbertown Community Advisory Council
... Program: Dr. Keith Mountain -- Climate Change Dr. Mountain explained that there has always been climate change. Glaciers have flowed and receded several times. There’s no arguing the science. Climate change is more than a change in temperature and precipitation. We live on a highly complex planet wh ...
... Program: Dr. Keith Mountain -- Climate Change Dr. Mountain explained that there has always been climate change. Glaciers have flowed and receded several times. There’s no arguing the science. Climate change is more than a change in temperature and precipitation. We live on a highly complex planet wh ...
PDF
... Climatic projections suggest that temperature increases associated with climate change would reduce, keeping agricultural practices an genetic materials constant, Arabica coffee yields and quality in the main coffee producing countries. Ovalle-Rivera et al. (2015) estimated that the acreage with ap ...
... Climatic projections suggest that temperature increases associated with climate change would reduce, keeping agricultural practices an genetic materials constant, Arabica coffee yields and quality in the main coffee producing countries. Ovalle-Rivera et al. (2015) estimated that the acreage with ap ...
2nd Joint International Workshop – June 21st 2004
... has now entered the spatial planning arena. Also as a consequence of this change in policy, a new department to look at spatial planning and water management has been established at RIZA – the Department for Spatial Planning and Water Management. Water is divided into a two-tiered system in the Neth ...
... has now entered the spatial planning arena. Also as a consequence of this change in policy, a new department to look at spatial planning and water management has been established at RIZA – the Department for Spatial Planning and Water Management. Water is divided into a two-tiered system in the Neth ...
Policy makers lament women`s vulnerablity to HIV infection, yet for
... climate in ways that threaten the well-being and continued development of human society. We reported that recent observations show that greenhouse gas emissions are at the higher end of those considered by the IPCC. Some of the most worrying new science focuses on the likelihood of more extreme drou ...
... climate in ways that threaten the well-being and continued development of human society. We reported that recent observations show that greenhouse gas emissions are at the higher end of those considered by the IPCC. Some of the most worrying new science focuses on the likelihood of more extreme drou ...
fulltext pdf - Review of Agricultural and Applied Economics
... administered to 360 randomly sampled farm units. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics and Heckman’s double stage selection model. The result of the analysis showed that there was relatively high level of awareness of climate change among the farmers. Major sources of information ...
... administered to 360 randomly sampled farm units. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics and Heckman’s double stage selection model. The result of the analysis showed that there was relatively high level of awareness of climate change among the farmers. Major sources of information ...
PDF
... variability of the basic magnitudes increase in response to climate sensitivity uncertainty. As depicted in the various panels of FIgure 2 the main variables of the model behave similarly to the benchmark specification and most of them fluctuate symmetrically around the median values. Lower (higher) ...
... variability of the basic magnitudes increase in response to climate sensitivity uncertainty. As depicted in the various panels of FIgure 2 the main variables of the model behave similarly to the benchmark specification and most of them fluctuate symmetrically around the median values. Lower (higher) ...
Phase relationships between Antarctic and Greenland
... A second, alternative model emphasizes the phaseshifted appearance of the data, and postulates that rapid changes in Greenland are a consequence of changes outside the North Atlantic. Possible forcings could include changes in Antarctic intermediate and deep water outflow associated with Southern Oc ...
... A second, alternative model emphasizes the phaseshifted appearance of the data, and postulates that rapid changes in Greenland are a consequence of changes outside the North Atlantic. Possible forcings could include changes in Antarctic intermediate and deep water outflow associated with Southern Oc ...
Adapting to climate change
... our complex climate. There are assumptions and uncertainties in any work of this kind, but these Projections represent strong and credible climate science. They begin to quantify the uncertainties we face and so will help us to understand the risks that lie ahead. The Projections show – through thre ...
... our complex climate. There are assumptions and uncertainties in any work of this kind, but these Projections represent strong and credible climate science. They begin to quantify the uncertainties we face and so will help us to understand the risks that lie ahead. The Projections show – through thre ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES INCORPORATING CLIMATE UNCERTAINTY INTO ESTIMATES OF CLIMATE
... As a consequence of this failure to incorporate climate uncertainty, the rapidly growing literature on the economics of climate change – while influential within economics – is unfortunately all too often disregarded outright by climate scientists, both among researchers and those advising public p ...
... As a consequence of this failure to incorporate climate uncertainty, the rapidly growing literature on the economics of climate change – while influential within economics – is unfortunately all too often disregarded outright by climate scientists, both among researchers and those advising public p ...
1. Climate Change and Insect Pest Distribution Range, Andrea
... comes to predicting the outcomes of climate change-inflicted variations in range distributions. Insects are highly sensitive to increases in temperature because of their ectothermic lifestyle, in particular species inhabiting high-latitude environments (Deutsch et al., 2008). Several life history t ...
... comes to predicting the outcomes of climate change-inflicted variations in range distributions. Insects are highly sensitive to increases in temperature because of their ectothermic lifestyle, in particular species inhabiting high-latitude environments (Deutsch et al., 2008). Several life history t ...
Apocalypse Nicked! - Geoengineering Governance Research
... example, the claim that “Human societies must now change course and steer away from critical tipping points in the Earth system that might lead to rapid and irreversible change” (Biermann et al. 2012) is a contestable political claim about the appropriate response to climate change. Even granting th ...
... example, the claim that “Human societies must now change course and steer away from critical tipping points in the Earth system that might lead to rapid and irreversible change” (Biermann et al. 2012) is a contestable political claim about the appropriate response to climate change. Even granting th ...
Decline in Kelp in West Europe and Climate
... Kelp ecosystems form widespread underwater forests playing a major role in structuring the biodiversity at a regional scale. Some seaweeds such as Laminaria digitata are also economically important, being exploited for their alginate and iodine content. Although some studies have shown that kelp eco ...
... Kelp ecosystems form widespread underwater forests playing a major role in structuring the biodiversity at a regional scale. Some seaweeds such as Laminaria digitata are also economically important, being exploited for their alginate and iodine content. Although some studies have shown that kelp eco ...
The Price Tag of Being Young
... in order to avoid the devastating economic impacts of climate change detailed in this report. And we must capitalize on the significant economic driver clean energy can be for the U.S. economy. According to a recent study from ICF International , if we transition to a clean energy economy by 2050, i ...
... in order to avoid the devastating economic impacts of climate change detailed in this report. And we must capitalize on the significant economic driver clean energy can be for the U.S. economy. According to a recent study from ICF International , if we transition to a clean energy economy by 2050, i ...
Groundwater and climate in Africa—a review
... urbanising regions (Taylor et al., 2004) and in the agricultural sector in order to boost food production (Carter & Parker, 2009; MacDonald et al., 2009). In its Fourth Assessment Report, the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) projects that Africa will be disproportionately affected b ...
... urbanising regions (Taylor et al., 2004) and in the agricultural sector in order to boost food production (Carter & Parker, 2009; MacDonald et al., 2009). In its Fourth Assessment Report, the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) projects that Africa will be disproportionately affected b ...
What to Do about Climate Change Executive Summary by Indur M. Goklany
... Cross country data also indicate that for a fixed level of economic development, these indicators of human and environmental wellbeing (e.g., malnutrition, mortality rates, life expectancy, access to safe water, crop yields, and so forth) improve with time (because technology almost inevitably impro ...
... Cross country data also indicate that for a fixed level of economic development, these indicators of human and environmental wellbeing (e.g., malnutrition, mortality rates, life expectancy, access to safe water, crop yields, and so forth) improve with time (because technology almost inevitably impro ...
Rose and Rayborn, "The effects of ocean heat uptake on transient
... specific future scenarios or the so-called Transient Climate Response under gradually increasing CO2 [21]) in order to understand processes and timescales internal to the climate system. Our paper is laid out as follows. In “Ocean Heat Uptake and Time-Dependent Climate Sensitivity”, we review the sp ...
... specific future scenarios or the so-called Transient Climate Response under gradually increasing CO2 [21]) in order to understand processes and timescales internal to the climate system. Our paper is laid out as follows. In “Ocean Heat Uptake and Time-Dependent Climate Sensitivity”, we review the sp ...
Coherence among the Northern Hemisphere land, cryosphere, and
... impact attribution in conservation and ecological research, Parmesan et al., 2013; conceptual framework to detect and attribute effects of climate change, Stone et al., 2013; climate change impacts on marine life, Poloczanska et al., 2013). For detection and attribution of climate change impact asse ...
... impact attribution in conservation and ecological research, Parmesan et al., 2013; conceptual framework to detect and attribute effects of climate change, Stone et al., 2013; climate change impacts on marine life, Poloczanska et al., 2013). For detection and attribution of climate change impact asse ...
Climate change, food, water and population health in China
... events have already had substantial impacts on socioeconomic development and population health. Climate change’s most profound impacts are likely to be on food, health systems and water. This paper explores how climate change will affect food, human health and water in China. Projections indicate th ...
... events have already had substantial impacts on socioeconomic development and population health. Climate change’s most profound impacts are likely to be on food, health systems and water. This paper explores how climate change will affect food, human health and water in China. Projections indicate th ...
Sensitivity of the Humboldt Current system to global warming: a
... components (sardines, anchovies and marine birds) off Peru display significant variations at a wide range of temporal scales, from interannual ENSO-related variability to interdecadal variability in relation to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation occurring in the North Pacific. Given that climate change ...
... components (sardines, anchovies and marine birds) off Peru display significant variations at a wide range of temporal scales, from interannual ENSO-related variability to interdecadal variability in relation to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation occurring in the North Pacific. Given that climate change ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.