National adaptation is also a global concern
... AND FOR SOME OF THEM GLOBAL As shown in IPCC AR5, all countries around the world will be affected by the impacts of climate change, i.e. both extreme events and gradual changes (IPCC, 2014). Climate change already started to have impacts at the global scale, and all the regions will remain at risk o ...
... AND FOR SOME OF THEM GLOBAL As shown in IPCC AR5, all countries around the world will be affected by the impacts of climate change, i.e. both extreme events and gradual changes (IPCC, 2014). Climate change already started to have impacts at the global scale, and all the regions will remain at risk o ...
CLIMATE CHANGE and AGRARIAN SOCIETIES IN
... rainfall to be lost in evaporation, and the intensity of tropical storms ensures that much of it runs off in floods. Water supply is not only meagre in absolute terms but also of very limited availability for human and natural uses. The other dominant characteristic of dryland climates is substantia ...
... rainfall to be lost in evaporation, and the intensity of tropical storms ensures that much of it runs off in floods. Water supply is not only meagre in absolute terms but also of very limited availability for human and natural uses. The other dominant characteristic of dryland climates is substantia ...
The Geoengineering Option
... to trump vague and elusive global aspirations. The United States has yet to impose even a cap on its emissions, let alone a reduction. The European Union has adopted an emissions-trading scheme that, although promising in theory, has not yet had much real eªect because carbon prices are still too lo ...
... to trump vague and elusive global aspirations. The United States has yet to impose even a cap on its emissions, let alone a reduction. The European Union has adopted an emissions-trading scheme that, although promising in theory, has not yet had much real eªect because carbon prices are still too lo ...
Temperature Variability over Africa - Weather Center
... The IPCC regional climate projections for Africa suggest that for West Africa, East Africa, South Africa, and the Sahara, regardless of the season, the predicted average increase in temperature for 1900–2100 ranges from 38 to 48C (Christensen et al. 2007). This amount is about 1.5 times the projecte ...
... The IPCC regional climate projections for Africa suggest that for West Africa, East Africa, South Africa, and the Sahara, regardless of the season, the predicted average increase in temperature for 1900–2100 ranges from 38 to 48C (Christensen et al. 2007). This amount is about 1.5 times the projecte ...
Economics of Adaptation to Climate Change among Crop Mohammed, D
... Ozor and Cynthia (2010) indicated that temperature is rising and rainfall frequency and intensity is fluctuating. In Nigeria, analysis of long- term meteorological data (temperature, rainfall, dust haze) show discernable evidence of climate change (NIMET, 2008 cited in WEP, 2011). Anuforom (2010); O ...
... Ozor and Cynthia (2010) indicated that temperature is rising and rainfall frequency and intensity is fluctuating. In Nigeria, analysis of long- term meteorological data (temperature, rainfall, dust haze) show discernable evidence of climate change (NIMET, 2008 cited in WEP, 2011). Anuforom (2010); O ...
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... bringing together individuals from all walks of life with the common purpose of expressing and understanding the impacts of climate change on their lives in Maine. It also recognized and elevated the stature of even more University of Maine strengths in climate related research, education and servi ...
... bringing together individuals from all walks of life with the common purpose of expressing and understanding the impacts of climate change on their lives in Maine. It also recognized and elevated the stature of even more University of Maine strengths in climate related research, education and servi ...
Four Case Studies in the United States
... explaining the increase in fires in the American West after accounting for human settlements and fire management. Extreme heat events in the United States are on the rise. DeGaetano and Allen (2002) found that minimum and maximum temperatures increased in the latter half of the 20 th century, with ...
... explaining the increase in fires in the American West after accounting for human settlements and fire management. Extreme heat events in the United States are on the rise. DeGaetano and Allen (2002) found that minimum and maximum temperatures increased in the latter half of the 20 th century, with ...
CLIMATE CHANGE – SCOPING THE ISSUES
... into the atmosphere. Further, the increase of carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere also enhances the “Greenhouse Effect” (in which more heat is generated), thus leading to temperatures rising. Based on data from the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, it is estimated that the ...
... into the atmosphere. Further, the increase of carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere also enhances the “Greenhouse Effect” (in which more heat is generated), thus leading to temperatures rising. Based on data from the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, it is estimated that the ...
Climate Change Survey Measures: Exploring Perceived Bias and
... Climate Change The global atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide has increased substantially as a result of industrialization, large-scale agriculture, and sustained fossil fuel use (ipcc 2007). Atmospheric greenhouse gas levels strongly suggest a relationship with c ...
... Climate Change The global atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide has increased substantially as a result of industrialization, large-scale agriculture, and sustained fossil fuel use (ipcc 2007). Atmospheric greenhouse gas levels strongly suggest a relationship with c ...
Overall scientific concept with short-term and long
... change can be and is understood differently by the different participating disciplines. Within normative theory, for instance, qualitative change is often understood as a difference in kind rather than degree, for example, the difference between the type of claim agents may have to the satisfaction ...
... change can be and is understood differently by the different participating disciplines. Within normative theory, for instance, qualitative change is often understood as a difference in kind rather than degree, for example, the difference between the type of claim agents may have to the satisfaction ...
A Climate of Concern: Climate Change and Health Strategy
... our health. Whether our focus is on the creeping effects of gradual climate change or the unexpected and often violent effects of severe weather, serious health implications exist. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2013) has found that the warming of the climate is unequivocal, an ...
... our health. Whether our focus is on the creeping effects of gradual climate change or the unexpected and often violent effects of severe weather, serious health implications exist. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2013) has found that the warming of the climate is unequivocal, an ...
PDF
... expected climatic stimuli or their effects, which moderates harm or exploits beneficial opportunities.’ This definition is particularly useful because it encompasses climate change from whatever source, includes both human and natural systems, includes potential benefits, and provides for expectatio ...
... expected climatic stimuli or their effects, which moderates harm or exploits beneficial opportunities.’ This definition is particularly useful because it encompasses climate change from whatever source, includes both human and natural systems, includes potential benefits, and provides for expectatio ...
Human Impacts on Weather and Climate - Recent Research Results
... the assessed level of scientific understanding (LOSU). The net anthropogenic radiative forcing and its range are also shown. These require summing asymmetric uncertainty estimates from the component terms, and cannot be obtained by simple addition. Additional forcing factors not included here are co ...
... the assessed level of scientific understanding (LOSU). The net anthropogenic radiative forcing and its range are also shown. These require summing asymmetric uncertainty estimates from the component terms, and cannot be obtained by simple addition. Additional forcing factors not included here are co ...
full publication
... Climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing mankind this century. Unchecked, no one will remain immune from its consequences. Yet we each contribute to it. Every time we use electricity and gas at home, drive a car and get on an aeroplane we are emitting greenhouse gases that are warming ...
... Climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing mankind this century. Unchecked, no one will remain immune from its consequences. Yet we each contribute to it. Every time we use electricity and gas at home, drive a car and get on an aeroplane we are emitting greenhouse gases that are warming ...
Adapting to Climate Change in Ottawa
... to climate change and to encourage and support the ongoing efforts underway within the City of Ottawa to adapt to climate change. Attendees of this workshop, mostly members of Ottawa municipal staff, had some existing knowledge of climate change, its impacts and the need for adaptation. Previous eng ...
... to climate change and to encourage and support the ongoing efforts underway within the City of Ottawa to adapt to climate change. Attendees of this workshop, mostly members of Ottawa municipal staff, had some existing knowledge of climate change, its impacts and the need for adaptation. Previous eng ...
biodiversity and ground-level ozone
... An extensive evidence base for effects of O3 on temperate and boreal forests has been derived from a combination of field observations, chamber studies and long-term field exposure experiments. Current O3 concentrations are estimated to reduce biomass of young trees by 7%, but this varies significan ...
... An extensive evidence base for effects of O3 on temperate and boreal forests has been derived from a combination of field observations, chamber studies and long-term field exposure experiments. Current O3 concentrations are estimated to reduce biomass of young trees by 7%, but this varies significan ...
Dispersal will limit ability of mammals to track climate change in the
... locations will be unable to keep pace with climate change (SI Appendix). Species will be least likely to be able to track climatic changes in the tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forest biome of the western Amazon. In this biome, on average, 14.5% of species will likely be unable to keep pac ...
... locations will be unable to keep pace with climate change (SI Appendix). Species will be least likely to be able to track climatic changes in the tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forest biome of the western Amazon. In this biome, on average, 14.5% of species will likely be unable to keep pac ...
Target Atmospheric CO2: Where Should Humanity Aim?
... larger on Pleistocene time scales (see Supplementary Material), but the sensitivity may be reduced by negative feedbacks on geologic time scales [29, 30]. The 6°C sensitivity reduces to 3°C when the planet has become warm enough to lose its ice sheets. This long-term climate sensitivity is relevant ...
... larger on Pleistocene time scales (see Supplementary Material), but the sensitivity may be reduced by negative feedbacks on geologic time scales [29, 30]. The 6°C sensitivity reduces to 3°C when the planet has become warm enough to lose its ice sheets. This long-term climate sensitivity is relevant ...
What Do Editorial Cartoons about the 21st United
... air, and over every living thing that moveth upon the earth.”») that is sometimes regarded as the primary historical cause of the contemporary ecological crisis (White, 1967).12 It is an important and with-thetimes message for at least more than two billion adherents of the Christian Church. Religio ...
... air, and over every living thing that moveth upon the earth.”») that is sometimes regarded as the primary historical cause of the contemporary ecological crisis (White, 1967).12 It is an important and with-thetimes message for at least more than two billion adherents of the Christian Church. Religio ...
A Call to Truth, Prudence, and Protection of the Poor 2014: The
... that a good idea, or a bad one? Assuming that CO2 warms the atmosphere as much as EPA (depending on the U.N. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [IPCC]) claims, the “benefits” of compliance include, even according to EPA itself, a hypothetically calculable but observationally indiscernible 0.0 ...
... that a good idea, or a bad one? Assuming that CO2 warms the atmosphere as much as EPA (depending on the U.N. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [IPCC]) claims, the “benefits” of compliance include, even according to EPA itself, a hypothetically calculable but observationally indiscernible 0.0 ...
Synthesis Report “Climate Change: Global Risks, Challenges
... changing near the upper boundary of the IPCC range of projections. Many key climate indicators are already moving beyond the patterns of natural variability within which contemporary society and economy have developed and thrived. These indicators include global mean surface temperature, sealevel ri ...
... changing near the upper boundary of the IPCC range of projections. Many key climate indicators are already moving beyond the patterns of natural variability within which contemporary society and economy have developed and thrived. These indicators include global mean surface temperature, sealevel ri ...
Psychology`s Contributions to Understanding and Addressing
... Earth’s climate has changed in many ways over geological time, but for the first time, over the past century, human activity has become a significant cause of climate change. By burning fossil fuels, cutting and burning forests, and engaging in other environment-impacting activities, humans have cha ...
... Earth’s climate has changed in many ways over geological time, but for the first time, over the past century, human activity has become a significant cause of climate change. By burning fossil fuels, cutting and burning forests, and engaging in other environment-impacting activities, humans have cha ...
Climate Impacts on Energy Systems
... “Observational evidence from all continents and most oceans shows that many natural systems are being affected by regional climate changes, particularly temperature increases”, IPCC (2007c). Global average surface temperature has increased with the rate of warming averaged over the last 50 years (0. ...
... “Observational evidence from all continents and most oceans shows that many natural systems are being affected by regional climate changes, particularly temperature increases”, IPCC (2007c). Global average surface temperature has increased with the rate of warming averaged over the last 50 years (0. ...
Psychology`s Contributions to Understanding and Addressing
... Earth’s climate has changed in many ways over geological time, but for the first time, over the past century, human activity has become a significant cause of climate change. By burning fossil fuels, cutting and burning forests, and engaging in other environment-impacting activities, humans have cha ...
... Earth’s climate has changed in many ways over geological time, but for the first time, over the past century, human activity has become a significant cause of climate change. By burning fossil fuels, cutting and burning forests, and engaging in other environment-impacting activities, humans have cha ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.