03-1 - Pierce College
... 24. Provide channels between cells so that the cytoplasm of one cell can intermingle with cytoplasm of the next cell; do allow materials to pass between cells: a. Tight junctions b. Desmosomes c. Gap junctions 25. A characteristic of passive transport: a. Energy not needed for particle movement acro ...
... 24. Provide channels between cells so that the cytoplasm of one cell can intermingle with cytoplasm of the next cell; do allow materials to pass between cells: a. Tight junctions b. Desmosomes c. Gap junctions 25. A characteristic of passive transport: a. Energy not needed for particle movement acro ...
9.2 Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport Reading Guide
... Three sources are: ATP already in the muscles, new ATP made by lactic acid fermentation, and cellular respiration. High-energy electrons from NADH and FADH2 are passed into and along the . electron transport chain The energy from the electrons moving down the chain is used to move H+ ions across the ...
... Three sources are: ATP already in the muscles, new ATP made by lactic acid fermentation, and cellular respiration. High-energy electrons from NADH and FADH2 are passed into and along the . electron transport chain The energy from the electrons moving down the chain is used to move H+ ions across the ...
Cell Respiration - Biology Junction
... consists of carriers that pass electrons successively from one to another. 2. NADH and FADH2 carry the electrons to the electron transport system. 3. Members of the Chain a. NADH gives up its electrons and becomes NAD+; the next carrier then gains electrons and is thereby reduced. b. At each sequent ...
... consists of carriers that pass electrons successively from one to another. 2. NADH and FADH2 carry the electrons to the electron transport system. 3. Members of the Chain a. NADH gives up its electrons and becomes NAD+; the next carrier then gains electrons and is thereby reduced. b. At each sequent ...
Photosynthesis & Respiration
... Enzymes catalyse chemical reactions that change glucose, step by step into 2 Pyruvic Acids ...
... Enzymes catalyse chemical reactions that change glucose, step by step into 2 Pyruvic Acids ...
Cellular Respiration Harvesting Chemical Energy
... Where did the glucose come from? Where did the O2 come from? Where did the CO2 come from? Where did the CO2 go? Where did the H2O come from? Where did the ATP come from? What else is produced that is not listed in this equation? Why do we breathe? ...
... Where did the glucose come from? Where did the O2 come from? Where did the CO2 come from? Where did the CO2 go? Where did the H2O come from? Where did the ATP come from? What else is produced that is not listed in this equation? Why do we breathe? ...
Guided reading Ch 9- ENERGY IN A CELL
... series of proteins embedded in the ______________ membrane of the chloroplast. As electrons are passed from protein to protein, energy is __________ and used to make ATP from ADP or to pump ______ ions into the center of the thylakoid sacs. After the electrons travel down the ETC, they are re-energi ...
... series of proteins embedded in the ______________ membrane of the chloroplast. As electrons are passed from protein to protein, energy is __________ and used to make ATP from ADP or to pump ______ ions into the center of the thylakoid sacs. After the electrons travel down the ETC, they are re-energi ...
Cell Energy (Photosynthesis and Respiration) Notes
... IV. Cellular Respiration – process by which E of glucose is released in the cell to be used for life processes (movement, breathing, blood circulation, etc…) ...
... IV. Cellular Respiration – process by which E of glucose is released in the cell to be used for life processes (movement, breathing, blood circulation, etc…) ...
Ch 9 chapter summary
... intermembrane space, making it positively charged relative to the matrix. • The charge difference across the membrane forces H+ ions through channels in enzymes known as ATP synthases. As the ATP synthases spin, a phosphate group is added to ADP, generating ATP. The Totals Together, glycolysis, the ...
... intermembrane space, making it positively charged relative to the matrix. • The charge difference across the membrane forces H+ ions through channels in enzymes known as ATP synthases. As the ATP synthases spin, a phosphate group is added to ADP, generating ATP. The Totals Together, glycolysis, the ...
Cellular Respiration
... are released. The ETC makes a total of about 32-34 ATP. O2 is the final e- acceptor. ...
... are released. The ETC makes a total of about 32-34 ATP. O2 is the final e- acceptor. ...
Chapter 9. Cellular Respiration STAGE 1: Glycolysis
... • Identify TWO environmental factors that can change the rate of enzyme-mediated reactions. Discuss how each of those two factors would affect the reaction rate of an enzyme. ...
... • Identify TWO environmental factors that can change the rate of enzyme-mediated reactions. Discuss how each of those two factors would affect the reaction rate of an enzyme. ...
lect11
... Is the pathway regulated by substrate supply or subcellular location? Is there hormonal regulation of the pathway? Are the products of one pathway used in another? how is metabolism integrated between tissues eg. ...
... Is the pathway regulated by substrate supply or subcellular location? Is there hormonal regulation of the pathway? Are the products of one pathway used in another? how is metabolism integrated between tissues eg. ...
study guide 009
... 12. Explain why ATP is required for the preparatory steps of glycolysis. 13. Identify where sugar oxidation substrate-level phosphorylation and the reduction of NAD+ occur in glycolysis. 14. Describe where pyruvate is oxidized to acetyl CoA, what molecules are produced and how this process links gly ...
... 12. Explain why ATP is required for the preparatory steps of glycolysis. 13. Identify where sugar oxidation substrate-level phosphorylation and the reduction of NAD+ occur in glycolysis. 14. Describe where pyruvate is oxidized to acetyl CoA, what molecules are produced and how this process links gly ...
Review Packet CORRECT
... 11. What are the two main pathways that can be followed after glycolysis? What is the main difference between them? Aerobic – Uses O2 Anaerobic – Does not use O2 ...
... 11. What are the two main pathways that can be followed after glycolysis? What is the main difference between them? Aerobic – Uses O2 Anaerobic – Does not use O2 ...
PowerPoint Presentation - Ch. 6 Cellular Respiration
... energy hill. • What happens to the energy of the electrons as it falls down the electron transport chain? • The energy is used to pump H+ against their gradient which then come back through ATP synthase to generate ATP ...
... energy hill. • What happens to the energy of the electrons as it falls down the electron transport chain? • The energy is used to pump H+ against their gradient which then come back through ATP synthase to generate ATP ...
Riveting Respiration
... yogurt. Also occurs in Human Muscle Cells during exercise. Muscles can’t get enough oxygen to keep up with respiration. Lactate builds up causing muscle cramps and fatigue. ...
... yogurt. Also occurs in Human Muscle Cells during exercise. Muscles can’t get enough oxygen to keep up with respiration. Lactate builds up causing muscle cramps and fatigue. ...
anaerobic respiration
... The NADH + H+ from glycolysis can be oxidized without O2 to create! This is achieved by the reduction of pyruvate to lactate, which allows the oxidation of the NADH + H+ to NAD. However, although this allows respiration to continue without O2, it is very inefficient, creating just 2 molecules of ATP ...
... The NADH + H+ from glycolysis can be oxidized without O2 to create! This is achieved by the reduction of pyruvate to lactate, which allows the oxidation of the NADH + H+ to NAD. However, although this allows respiration to continue without O2, it is very inefficient, creating just 2 molecules of ATP ...
Cellular respiration
... generally not realized due to losses such as the cost of moving pyruvate (from glycolysis), phosphate, and ADP (substrates for ATP synthesis) into the mitochondria. All are actively transported using carriers that utilise the stored energy in the proton electrochemical gradient. • Pyruvate is taken ...
... generally not realized due to losses such as the cost of moving pyruvate (from glycolysis), phosphate, and ADP (substrates for ATP synthesis) into the mitochondria. All are actively transported using carriers that utilise the stored energy in the proton electrochemical gradient. • Pyruvate is taken ...
Oxidations – loss of electrons
... NADH must be recycled • For glycolysis to continue, NADH must be recycled to NAD+ by either: ...
... NADH must be recycled • For glycolysis to continue, NADH must be recycled to NAD+ by either: ...
Cell respiration -2
... oxidation of organic molecules (in mitochondrial matrix): It is the process of producing some of the remaining energy (ATP) from the Pyruvate molecules. It occurs mainly in mitochondrial matrix if oxygen is present. It is the main source for preparing most of the cellular NADH (storing energy molecu ...
... oxidation of organic molecules (in mitochondrial matrix): It is the process of producing some of the remaining energy (ATP) from the Pyruvate molecules. It occurs mainly in mitochondrial matrix if oxygen is present. It is the main source for preparing most of the cellular NADH (storing energy molecu ...
document
... for oxidative metabolism and exercise tolerance. • The mechanism for this involves both a general increase in membrane unsaturated fatty acids and an increase in the expression of enzymes involved in oxidative metabolism and fat metabolism. • The increase in oxidative capacity that results from this ...
... for oxidative metabolism and exercise tolerance. • The mechanism for this involves both a general increase in membrane unsaturated fatty acids and an increase in the expression of enzymes involved in oxidative metabolism and fat metabolism. • The increase in oxidative capacity that results from this ...
KINE 4010 Mock Midterm #1
... 6. Which of the following would increase the rate of glycolysis the most? a) Increasing free ADP; the activator of PFK b) Increasing the amount of glucose in the cell c) Increasing the total number of glycolytic enzymes in the cell d) A and B increase the rate of glycolysis equally e) A and C increa ...
... 6. Which of the following would increase the rate of glycolysis the most? a) Increasing free ADP; the activator of PFK b) Increasing the amount of glucose in the cell c) Increasing the total number of glycolytic enzymes in the cell d) A and B increase the rate of glycolysis equally e) A and C increa ...
Slide 1
... You know that plants give off oxygen. But, there is a problem with knowing that fact. Sometimes knowledge of one thing can interfere with knowing something else. That's what happens in this case. People who know that plants give off oxygen often assume that plants must not also take it in. But this ...
... You know that plants give off oxygen. But, there is a problem with knowing that fact. Sometimes knowledge of one thing can interfere with knowing something else. That's what happens in this case. People who know that plants give off oxygen often assume that plants must not also take it in. But this ...
Mitochondrion
The mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) is a double membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. The word mitochondrion comes from the Greek μίτος, mitos, i.e. ""thread"", and χονδρίον, chondrion, i.e. ""granule"" or ""grain-like"".Mitochondria range from 0.5 to 1.0 μm in diameter. A considerable variation can be seen in the structure and size of this organelle. Unless specifically stained, they are not visible. These structures are described as ""the powerhouse of the cell"" because they generate most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), used as a source of chemical energy. In addition to supplying cellular energy, mitochondria are involved in other tasks, such as signaling, cellular differentiation, and cell death, as well as maintaining control of the cell cycle and cell growth. Mitochondria have been implicated in several human diseases, including mitochondrial disorders, cardiac dysfunction, and heart failure. A recent University of California study including ten children diagnosed with severe autism suggests that autism may be correlated with mitochondrial defects as well.Several characteristics make mitochondria unique. The number of mitochondria in a cell can vary widely by organism, tissue, and cell type. For instance, red blood cells have no mitochondria, whereas liver cells can have more than 2000. The organelle is composed of compartments that carry out specialized functions. These compartments or regions include the outer membrane, the intermembrane space, the inner membrane, and the cristae and matrix. Mitochondrial proteins vary depending on the tissue and the species. In humans, 615 distinct types of protein have been identified from cardiac mitochondria, whereas in rats, 940 proteins have been reported. The mitochondrial proteome is thought to be dynamically regulated. Although most of a cell's DNA is contained in the cell nucleus, the mitochondrion has its own independent genome. Further, its DNA shows substantial similarity to bacterial genomes.