Chapter 5 Capturing and releasing Energy
... hydrogen ion gradients drive ATP formation Oxygen is released; electrons end up in NADPH ...
... hydrogen ion gradients drive ATP formation Oxygen is released; electrons end up in NADPH ...
2. Citric acid cycle
... Which step so far has loaded the most electron carriers? A. B. C. D. E. ...
... Which step so far has loaded the most electron carriers? A. B. C. D. E. ...
ATP - TeacherWeb
... down in the cell and the mitochondria to create energy. Cellular respiration is the process that breaks down glucose to give off energy. ...
... down in the cell and the mitochondria to create energy. Cellular respiration is the process that breaks down glucose to give off energy. ...
Cellular respiration photosynthesis
... Which of the following organisms use alcoholic fermentation to allow glycolysis to continue to produce ATP? ...
... Which of the following organisms use alcoholic fermentation to allow glycolysis to continue to produce ATP? ...
No Slide Title
... Which of the following organisms use alcoholic fermentation to allow glycolysis to continue to produce ATP? ...
... Which of the following organisms use alcoholic fermentation to allow glycolysis to continue to produce ATP? ...
An in-depth look at fluorescent dyes for organelle labeling
... reagents that have been used and their characteristics. A featured reagent is highlighted, along with a validated protocol for that reagent with an estimate on protocol time, a troubleshooting guide in table format, an image example, and relevant recipes for stock and final solutions. In Part I the ...
... reagents that have been used and their characteristics. A featured reagent is highlighted, along with a validated protocol for that reagent with an estimate on protocol time, a troubleshooting guide in table format, an image example, and relevant recipes for stock and final solutions. In Part I the ...
Biochemistry I, Spring Term 2000 - Third Exam
... i) What are the similarities and differences between product inhibition and feedback inhibition. Both are involved with the control of metabolic pathways. The first describes inhibition directly by the product, the other describes inhibition by a metabolite, intermediate, or final product further do ...
... i) What are the similarities and differences between product inhibition and feedback inhibition. Both are involved with the control of metabolic pathways. The first describes inhibition directly by the product, the other describes inhibition by a metabolite, intermediate, or final product further do ...
Unit One: Introduction to Physiology: The Cell and General
... a. During glycolysis, 4 ATPs are produced but a net gain of only 2 ATPs (two are needed to start the process); also generate 2 NADHs b. During the transition rx, 2 NADHs are formed c. During each revolution of the citric acid cycle, one ATP, 3 NADH, 1 FADH2 d. Generate a total of 38 ATP (3 per each ...
... a. During glycolysis, 4 ATPs are produced but a net gain of only 2 ATPs (two are needed to start the process); also generate 2 NADHs b. During the transition rx, 2 NADHs are formed c. During each revolution of the citric acid cycle, one ATP, 3 NADH, 1 FADH2 d. Generate a total of 38 ATP (3 per each ...
metabolism - Websupport1
... down and used as a source of energy or it can be converted to glycogen and stored for later use or it can be converted into other organic molecules such as ribose or glycerole. If the cell requires immediate energy, then glucose (a 6-carbon molecule) is broken down into two 3-carbon molecules of pyr ...
... down and used as a source of energy or it can be converted to glycogen and stored for later use or it can be converted into other organic molecules such as ribose or glycerole. If the cell requires immediate energy, then glucose (a 6-carbon molecule) is broken down into two 3-carbon molecules of pyr ...
Cellular Respiration
... • Each NADH contributes enough E to generate a maximum of 3 ATP • In some eukaryotic cells, NADH produced in the cytosol by glycolysis may only be worth 2 ATP – The e-s must be shuttled to the mitochondrion – In some shuttle systems, the e-s are passed to NAD+, in others the e-s are passed to FAD • ...
... • Each NADH contributes enough E to generate a maximum of 3 ATP • In some eukaryotic cells, NADH produced in the cytosol by glycolysis may only be worth 2 ATP – The e-s must be shuttled to the mitochondrion – In some shuttle systems, the e-s are passed to NAD+, in others the e-s are passed to FAD • ...
Cellular Respiration
... • Each NADH contributes enough E to generate a maximum of 3 ATP • In some eukaryotic cells, NADH produced in the cytosol by glycolysis may only be worth 2 ATP – The e-s must be shuttled to the mitochondrion – In some shuttle systems, the e-s are passed to NAD+, in others the e-s are passed to FAD • ...
... • Each NADH contributes enough E to generate a maximum of 3 ATP • In some eukaryotic cells, NADH produced in the cytosol by glycolysis may only be worth 2 ATP – The e-s must be shuttled to the mitochondrion – In some shuttle systems, the e-s are passed to NAD+, in others the e-s are passed to FAD • ...
1 - TechnionMed
... 15) In mitochondria, tricarboxylic acid cycle reactions generally proceed more: (1) slowly as the ADP concentration rises. (2) rapidly as the ADP concentration rises. (3) rapidly as the NADH concentration rises. (4) slowly as the NADH concentration rises. (5) slowly as the oxaloacetate concentration ...
... 15) In mitochondria, tricarboxylic acid cycle reactions generally proceed more: (1) slowly as the ADP concentration rises. (2) rapidly as the ADP concentration rises. (3) rapidly as the NADH concentration rises. (4) slowly as the NADH concentration rises. (5) slowly as the oxaloacetate concentration ...
General Biology I (BIOLS 102)
... The ETC consists of 3 protein complexes and 2 carriers The 3 protein complexes include: NADH-Q reductase complex Cytochrome reductase complex Cytochrome oxidase complex ...
... The ETC consists of 3 protein complexes and 2 carriers The 3 protein complexes include: NADH-Q reductase complex Cytochrome reductase complex Cytochrome oxidase complex ...
Aerobic Energy Systems
... Slow component - removal of lactate / lactic acid; By oxidation / energy production; Conversion to replenishment of glycogen (glucose) by reconverting lactic acid into pyruvate and continuing through the aerobic processes of Kreb’s cycle and electron transport chain; Some converted to protein / some ...
... Slow component - removal of lactate / lactic acid; By oxidation / energy production; Conversion to replenishment of glycogen (glucose) by reconverting lactic acid into pyruvate and continuing through the aerobic processes of Kreb’s cycle and electron transport chain; Some converted to protein / some ...
Harvesting Energy
... During cellular respiration, a glucose molecule is completely oxidized. In the process, it releases enough energy to produce up to 36 molecules of ATP. The first phase of respiration, glycolysis, occurs in the cytoplasm. During glycolysis, glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvic acid. G ...
... During cellular respiration, a glucose molecule is completely oxidized. In the process, it releases enough energy to produce up to 36 molecules of ATP. The first phase of respiration, glycolysis, occurs in the cytoplasm. During glycolysis, glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvic acid. G ...
aerobic respiration
... and whether an electron transport chain is used (respiration) or not (fermentation). • Respiration yields more ATP; aerobic respiration, with O₂ as the final electron acceptor, yields 16 times as much ATP as does fermentation. ...
... and whether an electron transport chain is used (respiration) or not (fermentation). • Respiration yields more ATP; aerobic respiration, with O₂ as the final electron acceptor, yields 16 times as much ATP as does fermentation. ...
Solving Biochemistry`s Biggest Mystery: How We Produce Energy
... “coenzymes” are organic compounds that associate with enzymes and affect their activity. Many vitamins serve as direct coenzymes or as portions of coenzymes. So, Dr. Crane, your first important discovery in this process was not CoQ, but the enzyme, the electron transferring flavoprotein. At the time ...
... “coenzymes” are organic compounds that associate with enzymes and affect their activity. Many vitamins serve as direct coenzymes or as portions of coenzymes. So, Dr. Crane, your first important discovery in this process was not CoQ, but the enzyme, the electron transferring flavoprotein. At the time ...
Biochemistry
... Bis is of two parts; Bi =ثنائي, while s = “separated” (i.e. on different locations) Glycerald. 3-P converts into 2,3 bis PG or 2,3 BPG or 1,3 DPG and is present in most cells at low concentrations, but in the RBCs (erythrocytes) it is at high concentration (4 mM) which is equal to hemoglobin. I ...
... Bis is of two parts; Bi =ثنائي, while s = “separated” (i.e. on different locations) Glycerald. 3-P converts into 2,3 bis PG or 2,3 BPG or 1,3 DPG and is present in most cells at low concentrations, but in the RBCs (erythrocytes) it is at high concentration (4 mM) which is equal to hemoglobin. I ...
Cells
... on the internal organization of cells. The nuclear envelope and nuclear pores are visible. The fracturing process broke away part of the outer membrane of the nuclear envelope, and the cut edge of the nucleus can be seen. ...
... on the internal organization of cells. The nuclear envelope and nuclear pores are visible. The fracturing process broke away part of the outer membrane of the nuclear envelope, and the cut edge of the nucleus can be seen. ...
13 cellular respiration
... (though techically some prokaryotes have full cellular respiration with an electron receptor other than oxygen…) - uses the same glycolysis, in cytosol, as aerobic respiration. - yields far less ATP per glucose: about 2 ATP net vs. up to 38 ATP because it doesn’t cash in e- via Krebs and ETC. - seve ...
... (though techically some prokaryotes have full cellular respiration with an electron receptor other than oxygen…) - uses the same glycolysis, in cytosol, as aerobic respiration. - yields far less ATP per glucose: about 2 ATP net vs. up to 38 ATP because it doesn’t cash in e- via Krebs and ETC. - seve ...
AP Biology Ch. 9 Fermentation and Quiz Ppt
... anaerobic respiration and cannot survive in the presence of O2 Yeast and many bacteria are facultative anaerobes, meaning that they can survive using either fermentation or cellular respiration In a facultative anaerobe, pyruvate is a fork in the metabolic road that leads to two alternative cataboli ...
... anaerobic respiration and cannot survive in the presence of O2 Yeast and many bacteria are facultative anaerobes, meaning that they can survive using either fermentation or cellular respiration In a facultative anaerobe, pyruvate is a fork in the metabolic road that leads to two alternative cataboli ...
Cellular Respiration
... Lactic Acid Fermentation • The enzyme lactate dehydrogenase converts pyruvate into lactic acid and converts NADH into NAD+. • Usually blood can remove the lactate, however if this does not happen muscle fatigue results. ...
... Lactic Acid Fermentation • The enzyme lactate dehydrogenase converts pyruvate into lactic acid and converts NADH into NAD+. • Usually blood can remove the lactate, however if this does not happen muscle fatigue results. ...
AP Biology Ch. 9 Cellular Respiration
... without oxygen. It only releases a small amount of ATP. Glycolysis: the first step of breaking down glucose—it splits glucose (6C) into 2 pyruvic acid molecules (3C each) ...
... without oxygen. It only releases a small amount of ATP. Glycolysis: the first step of breaking down glucose—it splits glucose (6C) into 2 pyruvic acid molecules (3C each) ...
Cellular Respiration
... - Kinases transfer phosphate groups from one molecule to another (whether it be a phosphate group from ATP or from FBP) - Substrate-level phosphorylation uses enzymes (like kinases) to phosphorylate molecules. The source of phosphate groups can be from ATP or FBP. In cellular respiration, Kinase ...
... - Kinases transfer phosphate groups from one molecule to another (whether it be a phosphate group from ATP or from FBP) - Substrate-level phosphorylation uses enzymes (like kinases) to phosphorylate molecules. The source of phosphate groups can be from ATP or FBP. In cellular respiration, Kinase ...
Mitochondrion
The mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) is a double membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. The word mitochondrion comes from the Greek μίτος, mitos, i.e. ""thread"", and χονδρίον, chondrion, i.e. ""granule"" or ""grain-like"".Mitochondria range from 0.5 to 1.0 μm in diameter. A considerable variation can be seen in the structure and size of this organelle. Unless specifically stained, they are not visible. These structures are described as ""the powerhouse of the cell"" because they generate most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), used as a source of chemical energy. In addition to supplying cellular energy, mitochondria are involved in other tasks, such as signaling, cellular differentiation, and cell death, as well as maintaining control of the cell cycle and cell growth. Mitochondria have been implicated in several human diseases, including mitochondrial disorders, cardiac dysfunction, and heart failure. A recent University of California study including ten children diagnosed with severe autism suggests that autism may be correlated with mitochondrial defects as well.Several characteristics make mitochondria unique. The number of mitochondria in a cell can vary widely by organism, tissue, and cell type. For instance, red blood cells have no mitochondria, whereas liver cells can have more than 2000. The organelle is composed of compartments that carry out specialized functions. These compartments or regions include the outer membrane, the intermembrane space, the inner membrane, and the cristae and matrix. Mitochondrial proteins vary depending on the tissue and the species. In humans, 615 distinct types of protein have been identified from cardiac mitochondria, whereas in rats, 940 proteins have been reported. The mitochondrial proteome is thought to be dynamically regulated. Although most of a cell's DNA is contained in the cell nucleus, the mitochondrion has its own independent genome. Further, its DNA shows substantial similarity to bacterial genomes.