Carbohydrate Metabolism
... accumulation of these protons in the space between the membranes creates a proton gradient with respect to the mitochondrial matrix. Also embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane is an amazing protein pore complex called ...
... accumulation of these protons in the space between the membranes creates a proton gradient with respect to the mitochondrial matrix. Also embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane is an amazing protein pore complex called ...
Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis
... glycogen is almost gone.) | A few more seconds and I'll be ...
... glycogen is almost gone.) | A few more seconds and I'll be ...
Carbohydrate Metabolism
... accumulation of these protons in the space between the membranes creates a proton gradient with respect to the mitochondrial matrix. Also embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane is an amazing protein pore complex called ...
... accumulation of these protons in the space between the membranes creates a proton gradient with respect to the mitochondrial matrix. Also embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane is an amazing protein pore complex called ...
BE100a - Interchim
... This cycle begins with one pyruvate molecule that, after a series of chemical reactions, is input into the cycle as oxaloacetic acid. The cycle begins and ends with oxaloacetic acid, which undergoes a series of enzyme-initiated chemical reactions during the cycle to produce energy. In the citric aci ...
... This cycle begins with one pyruvate molecule that, after a series of chemical reactions, is input into the cycle as oxaloacetic acid. The cycle begins and ends with oxaloacetic acid, which undergoes a series of enzyme-initiated chemical reactions during the cycle to produce energy. In the citric aci ...
Biochemistry Lecture 16
... Catabolism/Anabolism Balanced through Kreb’s Cycle • Amphibolic – Impt to both catabolism (breakdown) and anabolism (build-up) of cell’s molecules – Catabolism of carbohydrates, FA’s, aa’s through pyruvate, acetylCoA Kreb’s ATP ...
... Catabolism/Anabolism Balanced through Kreb’s Cycle • Amphibolic – Impt to both catabolism (breakdown) and anabolism (build-up) of cell’s molecules – Catabolism of carbohydrates, FA’s, aa’s through pyruvate, acetylCoA Kreb’s ATP ...
09LecturePresentation
... Concept 9.3: The citric acid cycle completes the energy-yielding oxidation of organic molecules • In the presence of O2, pyruvate enters the mitochondrion • Before the citric acid cycle can begin, pyruvate must be converted to acetyl CoA, which links the cycle to glycolysis • The cycle oxidizes org ...
... Concept 9.3: The citric acid cycle completes the energy-yielding oxidation of organic molecules • In the presence of O2, pyruvate enters the mitochondrion • Before the citric acid cycle can begin, pyruvate must be converted to acetyl CoA, which links the cycle to glycolysis • The cycle oxidizes org ...
Photosynthesis and Sucrose Production
... Starch and Sucrose Provide the Carbon Skeletons of All Plant Compounds During photosynthesis, starch is synthesized and stored in the chloroplast matrix and sucrose is synthesized in the leaf cytosol from which it diffuses to the rest of the plant. Starch resembles glycogen, but it has few or no a- ...
... Starch and Sucrose Provide the Carbon Skeletons of All Plant Compounds During photosynthesis, starch is synthesized and stored in the chloroplast matrix and sucrose is synthesized in the leaf cytosol from which it diffuses to the rest of the plant. Starch resembles glycogen, but it has few or no a- ...
electron transport chain.
... • The electron transport chain is in the inner membrane (cristae) of the mitochondrion. • Most of the chain’s components are proteins, which exist in multi-protein complexes. • The carriers alternate reduced and oxidized states as they accept and donate electrons. • Electrons drop in free energy as ...
... • The electron transport chain is in the inner membrane (cristae) of the mitochondrion. • Most of the chain’s components are proteins, which exist in multi-protein complexes. • The carriers alternate reduced and oxidized states as they accept and donate electrons. • Electrons drop in free energy as ...
Chapter 14b
... 1. N-linked oligosaccharides. - The oligosaccharides are constructed on dolichol in the lumen of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. - A common 14-residue core oligosaccharide is transfered to the newly synthesized polypeptide at an Asn. 2. O-linked oligosaccharides. - A monosaccharide is attached to S ...
... 1. N-linked oligosaccharides. - The oligosaccharides are constructed on dolichol in the lumen of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. - A common 14-residue core oligosaccharide is transfered to the newly synthesized polypeptide at an Asn. 2. O-linked oligosaccharides. - A monosaccharide is attached to S ...
Unit 6 - Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
... Unit 6 - Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Text Reading: Chapters 8 and 9 Objectives: Upon completion of this unit, you should be able to: Topic 1: Energy origins (8-1) 1. Compare and contrast heterotrophs and autotrophs (specifically where each gets its food). 2. Draw and describe the three p ...
... Unit 6 - Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Text Reading: Chapters 8 and 9 Objectives: Upon completion of this unit, you should be able to: Topic 1: Energy origins (8-1) 1. Compare and contrast heterotrophs and autotrophs (specifically where each gets its food). 2. Draw and describe the three p ...
Kreb`s Cycle
... Catabolism/Anabolism Balanced through Kreb’s Cycle • Amphibolic – Impt to both catabolism (breakdown) and anabolism (build-up) of cell’s mol’s – Catabolism of carbohydrates, FA’s, aa’s through pyruvate, acetylCoA Kreb’s ATP ...
... Catabolism/Anabolism Balanced through Kreb’s Cycle • Amphibolic – Impt to both catabolism (breakdown) and anabolism (build-up) of cell’s mol’s – Catabolism of carbohydrates, FA’s, aa’s through pyruvate, acetylCoA Kreb’s ATP ...
Cellular Respiration
... food can be used as energy sources Catabolism – degradative reactions Anabolism – synthetic reactions – All reactions in cellular respiration are part of a metabolic pool, and their substrates can be used for catabolism or anabolism Mader; Biology, 9th Ed. ...
... food can be used as energy sources Catabolism – degradative reactions Anabolism – synthetic reactions – All reactions in cellular respiration are part of a metabolic pool, and their substrates can be used for catabolism or anabolism Mader; Biology, 9th Ed. ...
Succinate Dehydrogenase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
... succinate is catalyzed by -ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (4), which promotes the oxidative decarboxylation of -ketoglutarate via succinil–CoA to succinate, which is then converted to fumarate by succinate dehydrogenase (5). The next step of the TCA cycle is the conversion of fumarate to malate by th ...
... succinate is catalyzed by -ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (4), which promotes the oxidative decarboxylation of -ketoglutarate via succinil–CoA to succinate, which is then converted to fumarate by succinate dehydrogenase (5). The next step of the TCA cycle is the conversion of fumarate to malate by th ...
oxidation - mustafaaltinisik.org.uk
... 3. Hydrogen in the cell combines with two coenzymes that carry it to the electron transport chain. 4. Electron transport chain recombines hydrogen atoms to produce ATP and water. 5. One molecule of glycogen can generate up to 39 molecules of ATP. ...
... 3. Hydrogen in the cell combines with two coenzymes that carry it to the electron transport chain. 4. Electron transport chain recombines hydrogen atoms to produce ATP and water. 5. One molecule of glycogen can generate up to 39 molecules of ATP. ...
Cellular Respiration Webquest
... (http://www.biologyinmotion.com/atp/index.html) 1. What is ATP? ...
... (http://www.biologyinmotion.com/atp/index.html) 1. What is ATP? ...
Acyl-CoA
... - Triglycerides (or triacylglycerols) are fatty acid esters (usually with different fatty acid R groups) of glycerol—see §1.4! - Triglycerides are largely stored in the adipose tissue where they function as “high-energy” reservoirs—due to being more reduced (carry more electrons, or more hydrogens!) ...
... - Triglycerides (or triacylglycerols) are fatty acid esters (usually with different fatty acid R groups) of glycerol—see §1.4! - Triglycerides are largely stored in the adipose tissue where they function as “high-energy” reservoirs—due to being more reduced (carry more electrons, or more hydrogens!) ...
Transport of dicarboxylates in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
... the L-malate concentration in the culture medium was increased by 21.6 ± 7.6 µM after 12 h of the cell growth. After 1.4 h the cell isolation, succinate activated the respiration only by 13%. However, with the increase in the L-malate level in the cells and decrease in the oxaloacetate concentration ...
... the L-malate concentration in the culture medium was increased by 21.6 ± 7.6 µM after 12 h of the cell growth. After 1.4 h the cell isolation, succinate activated the respiration only by 13%. However, with the increase in the L-malate level in the cells and decrease in the oxaloacetate concentration ...
Developmental Analysis of a Putative ATP/ADP Carrier Protein
... PMP38 is a candidate of ATP/ADP carrier protein on glyoxysomal membranes AAC has been studied well in mitochondria and plastids. Generally, the mitochondrial AAC exchanges ATP synthesized in the matrix with ADP in the cytosol (Klingenberg 1989). Since ATP-synthesis pathways have not been found in th ...
... PMP38 is a candidate of ATP/ADP carrier protein on glyoxysomal membranes AAC has been studied well in mitochondria and plastids. Generally, the mitochondrial AAC exchanges ATP synthesized in the matrix with ADP in the cytosol (Klingenberg 1989). Since ATP-synthesis pathways have not been found in th ...
生物化學小考(一) 範圍ch1~ch4
... 4. Which of the following statements about starch and glycogen is false? (A) Amylose is unbranched; amylopectin and glycogen contain many (α-1,6) branches. (B) Both are homopolymers of glucose. (C) Both serve primarily as structural elements in cell walls. (D) Both starch and glycogen are stored int ...
... 4. Which of the following statements about starch and glycogen is false? (A) Amylose is unbranched; amylopectin and glycogen contain many (α-1,6) branches. (B) Both are homopolymers of glucose. (C) Both serve primarily as structural elements in cell walls. (D) Both starch and glycogen are stored int ...
Oxidation of Carbohydrate
... ATP-PCr System • Phosphocreatine (PCr): ATP recycling – PCr + creatine kinase Cr + Pi + energy – PCr energy cannot be used for cellular work – PCr energy can be used to reassemble ATP ...
... ATP-PCr System • Phosphocreatine (PCr): ATP recycling – PCr + creatine kinase Cr + Pi + energy – PCr energy cannot be used for cellular work – PCr energy can be used to reassemble ATP ...
Cellular respiration
... • The citric acid (Krebs) cycle completes the energyyielding oxidation of organic molecules – and its events take place within the mitochondrial matrix. • The cycle oxidizes organic fuel derived from pyruvate, generating 1 ATP, 3 NADH, and 1 FADH2 per turn. ...
... • The citric acid (Krebs) cycle completes the energyyielding oxidation of organic molecules – and its events take place within the mitochondrial matrix. • The cycle oxidizes organic fuel derived from pyruvate, generating 1 ATP, 3 NADH, and 1 FADH2 per turn. ...
RespirationQuestions.doc - KS3, GCSE and A
... and C, on the electron transport chain in these mitochondria. In each of three experiments, a different inhibitor was added. The table shows the state of the electron carriers, W–Z, after the addition of inhibitor. ...
... and C, on the electron transport chain in these mitochondria. In each of three experiments, a different inhibitor was added. The table shows the state of the electron carriers, W–Z, after the addition of inhibitor. ...
03-232 Biochemistry
... Some amino acids are converted to keto acids by transaminases, the amino group is replaced by a C=O (keto) group. (2pt) they can then enter the TCA cycle (2pt) . Alanine enters as pyruvate, glutamic acid as keto-glutarate, and aspartic acid as oxaloacetate. This would all occur in the mitochondrial ...
... Some amino acids are converted to keto acids by transaminases, the amino group is replaced by a C=O (keto) group. (2pt) they can then enter the TCA cycle (2pt) . Alanine enters as pyruvate, glutamic acid as keto-glutarate, and aspartic acid as oxaloacetate. This would all occur in the mitochondrial ...
Biology: Concepts and Connections, 6e
... A) energy is released as H+ ions move freely across mitochondrial membranes. B) ATP is synthesized when H+ ions move through a protein port provided by ATP synthase. C) energy is generated by coupling exergonic reactions with other exergonic reactions. D) a concentration gradient is generated when l ...
... A) energy is released as H+ ions move freely across mitochondrial membranes. B) ATP is synthesized when H+ ions move through a protein port provided by ATP synthase. C) energy is generated by coupling exergonic reactions with other exergonic reactions. D) a concentration gradient is generated when l ...
33_organelles.txt 3/25/2010 Limited proteolysis, phosphorylation
... folded inner membrane. The double membrane is explained by the endosymbiont hypothesis which also helps explain the presence of self-replicating DNA, similar to that found in bacteria. For ten points, name the cellular organelle responsible for aerobic respiration. Answer: mitochondrion or mitochond ...
... folded inner membrane. The double membrane is explained by the endosymbiont hypothesis which also helps explain the presence of self-replicating DNA, similar to that found in bacteria. For ten points, name the cellular organelle responsible for aerobic respiration. Answer: mitochondrion or mitochond ...
Mitochondrion
The mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) is a double membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. The word mitochondrion comes from the Greek μίτος, mitos, i.e. ""thread"", and χονδρίον, chondrion, i.e. ""granule"" or ""grain-like"".Mitochondria range from 0.5 to 1.0 μm in diameter. A considerable variation can be seen in the structure and size of this organelle. Unless specifically stained, they are not visible. These structures are described as ""the powerhouse of the cell"" because they generate most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), used as a source of chemical energy. In addition to supplying cellular energy, mitochondria are involved in other tasks, such as signaling, cellular differentiation, and cell death, as well as maintaining control of the cell cycle and cell growth. Mitochondria have been implicated in several human diseases, including mitochondrial disorders, cardiac dysfunction, and heart failure. A recent University of California study including ten children diagnosed with severe autism suggests that autism may be correlated with mitochondrial defects as well.Several characteristics make mitochondria unique. The number of mitochondria in a cell can vary widely by organism, tissue, and cell type. For instance, red blood cells have no mitochondria, whereas liver cells can have more than 2000. The organelle is composed of compartments that carry out specialized functions. These compartments or regions include the outer membrane, the intermembrane space, the inner membrane, and the cristae and matrix. Mitochondrial proteins vary depending on the tissue and the species. In humans, 615 distinct types of protein have been identified from cardiac mitochondria, whereas in rats, 940 proteins have been reported. The mitochondrial proteome is thought to be dynamically regulated. Although most of a cell's DNA is contained in the cell nucleus, the mitochondrion has its own independent genome. Further, its DNA shows substantial similarity to bacterial genomes.