Cell Respiration Basics
... II) Krebs cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) It is named for Hans Krebs who discovered it in 1953. (It is also called the citric acid cycle” because citric acid is formed at the start of the cycle.) ...
... II) Krebs cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) It is named for Hans Krebs who discovered it in 1953. (It is also called the citric acid cycle” because citric acid is formed at the start of the cycle.) ...
PASS MOCK EXAM
... 28. How many molecules of NAD+ are reduced to NADH when the citric acid cycle processes the products of a single molecule of glucose? A) 3 B) 6 C) 9 D) 2 E) 4 ...
... 28. How many molecules of NAD+ are reduced to NADH when the citric acid cycle processes the products of a single molecule of glucose? A) 3 B) 6 C) 9 D) 2 E) 4 ...
What is an inference
... What organelle in the cell carries How many total ATP is made out cellular respiration? from one molecule of glucose? ...
... What organelle in the cell carries How many total ATP is made out cellular respiration? from one molecule of glucose? ...
Respiration
... energy is released to form ATP. O2 serves as a terminal electron acceptor and combines with hydrogen to form water. Because O2 must be present for system to work, it is called oxidative phosphorylation. ...
... energy is released to form ATP. O2 serves as a terminal electron acceptor and combines with hydrogen to form water. Because O2 must be present for system to work, it is called oxidative phosphorylation. ...
Abnormalities of Intermediary Metabolism in Barth Syndrome
... Abnormalities of Intermediary Metabolism in Barth Syndrome ...
... Abnormalities of Intermediary Metabolism in Barth Syndrome ...
Review: Thermodynamics and Cell Respiration
... 18. What happens to the 6 carbon glucose molecule in aerobic respiration? Alcoholic fermentation? Lactic acid fermentation? ...
... 18. What happens to the 6 carbon glucose molecule in aerobic respiration? Alcoholic fermentation? Lactic acid fermentation? ...
Concepts in Biochemistry 3/e
... • Technically, not part of the CAC -- but produces substrate CAC • E3 is also found in -ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex ...
... • Technically, not part of the CAC -- but produces substrate CAC • E3 is also found in -ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex ...
Cellular Respiration – Chapter 7 – Lesson 2 – Aerobic Cellular
... energy of glucose has been converted to ATP. In what form is the rest of the usable energy found at this stage of the process? ...
... energy of glucose has been converted to ATP. In what form is the rest of the usable energy found at this stage of the process? ...
lec27_2013 - Andrew.cmu.edu
... Required reading in Horton: 10.1-10.5. Nelson: 13.1 Bioenergetics and Thermodynamics. ...
... Required reading in Horton: 10.1-10.5. Nelson: 13.1 Bioenergetics and Thermodynamics. ...
Cellular Energy hbio 09 tri 1
... Third Stage: ETC • ATP formation = high gear – e- transfer chains and ATP synthase – Inner membrane of mitochondrion ...
... Third Stage: ETC • ATP formation = high gear – e- transfer chains and ATP synthase – Inner membrane of mitochondrion ...
Ch 7 outline
... Using Electrons to Make ATP (p. 146) A. Mitochondria use chemiosmosis to make ATP. B. Moving Electrons Through the Electron Transport Chain 1. The NADH and FADH2 molecules carry their electrons to the inner mitochondrial membrane where they transfer the electrons to a series of membrane-associated p ...
... Using Electrons to Make ATP (p. 146) A. Mitochondria use chemiosmosis to make ATP. B. Moving Electrons Through the Electron Transport Chain 1. The NADH and FADH2 molecules carry their electrons to the inner mitochondrial membrane where they transfer the electrons to a series of membrane-associated p ...
BIO 315 Exam I (F2014)
... 3) Which of the following contribute to C being more oxidized in the C-O bond: A) O contains more protons in its nucleus than C, and the outer shell electrons of O are also located closer to its nucleus than those of C. B) O contains fewer protons in its nucleus than C, and the outer shell electrons ...
... 3) Which of the following contribute to C being more oxidized in the C-O bond: A) O contains more protons in its nucleus than C, and the outer shell electrons of O are also located closer to its nucleus than those of C. B) O contains fewer protons in its nucleus than C, and the outer shell electrons ...
Stryer An overview of the citric acid cycle
... Origin of mitochondria: the endosymbiont hypothesis The endosymbiont hypothesis suggests that mitochondria have evolved from anaerobic bacteria which were phagocytosed by eukaryote cells at the time oxygen appeared on earth, Similarities between mitochondria and bacteria include the presence of: • ...
... Origin of mitochondria: the endosymbiont hypothesis The endosymbiont hypothesis suggests that mitochondria have evolved from anaerobic bacteria which were phagocytosed by eukaryote cells at the time oxygen appeared on earth, Similarities between mitochondria and bacteria include the presence of: • ...
Protein and Lipid Catabolism
... • NADH oxidized back to NAD+ • Uses organic compound as terminal electron acceptor – Typically pyruvate or derivative • NO oxidative phosphorylation so ATP yield is low ...
... • NADH oxidized back to NAD+ • Uses organic compound as terminal electron acceptor – Typically pyruvate or derivative • NO oxidative phosphorylation so ATP yield is low ...
CELLULAR RESPIRATION Aerobic Cellular Respiration
... 3. Electron Transport Chain The electrons from NADH and FADH2 travel down the electron transport chain to oxygen Oxygen is the final electron acceptor Occurs in mitochondria Produces 32 ATP ...
... 3. Electron Transport Chain The electrons from NADH and FADH2 travel down the electron transport chain to oxygen Oxygen is the final electron acceptor Occurs in mitochondria Produces 32 ATP ...
Cell Respiration Notes Kelly
... Produces 4 ATP (net gain 2 ATP) Produces 2 NADH GLYCOLYSIS PATHWAY Regulated by phosphofructokinase ALLOSTERIC enzyme near beginning of pathway AMP turns pathway on (AMP is high when ATP is needed) ATP turns pathway off (don’t waste energy making ATP when not needed) ...
... Produces 4 ATP (net gain 2 ATP) Produces 2 NADH GLYCOLYSIS PATHWAY Regulated by phosphofructokinase ALLOSTERIC enzyme near beginning of pathway AMP turns pathway on (AMP is high when ATP is needed) ATP turns pathway off (don’t waste energy making ATP when not needed) ...
Cell Respiration Notes
... Produces 4 ATP (net gain 2 ATP) Produces 2 NADH GLYCOLYSIS PATHWAY Regulated by phosphofructokinase ALLOSTERIC enzyme near beginning of pathway AMP turns pathway on (AMP is high when ATP is needed) ATP turns pathway off (don’t waste energy making ATP when not needed) ...
... Produces 4 ATP (net gain 2 ATP) Produces 2 NADH GLYCOLYSIS PATHWAY Regulated by phosphofructokinase ALLOSTERIC enzyme near beginning of pathway AMP turns pathway on (AMP is high when ATP is needed) ATP turns pathway off (don’t waste energy making ATP when not needed) ...
GLYCOLYSIS AND FERMENTATION
... 1. Most of the energy is acquired by NADH; three molecules are produced during each turn of the cycle. 2. The reactions of the electron transport chain occur in the inner mitochondrial membrane. 3. C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy 4. The mitochondrial membranes segregate the enzymes and reactant ...
... 1. Most of the energy is acquired by NADH; three molecules are produced during each turn of the cycle. 2. The reactions of the electron transport chain occur in the inner mitochondrial membrane. 3. C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy 4. The mitochondrial membranes segregate the enzymes and reactant ...
College Prep Cellular Respiration Notes: H.B.3A.4 Harvesting
... • The food you eat cannot be used by cells directly. • Cells have only one usable energy form, ATP (adenosine triphosphate). • Cellular Respiration is the complex process in which cells make ATP by breaking down organic compounds. • Any food (organic) molecule, or nutrient, including carbohydrates, ...
... • The food you eat cannot be used by cells directly. • Cells have only one usable energy form, ATP (adenosine triphosphate). • Cellular Respiration is the complex process in which cells make ATP by breaking down organic compounds. • Any food (organic) molecule, or nutrient, including carbohydrates, ...
Chapter 8 Notes – Energy and Metabolism
... Cytochrome c transfers electrons to the cytochrome c oxidase complex. Protons are also transferred to the outside of the membrane by the cytochrome c oxidase complex. The cytochrome oxidase complex then transfers electrons from cytochrome c to oxygen, the terminal electron acceptor and water is form ...
... Cytochrome c transfers electrons to the cytochrome c oxidase complex. Protons are also transferred to the outside of the membrane by the cytochrome c oxidase complex. The cytochrome oxidase complex then transfers electrons from cytochrome c to oxygen, the terminal electron acceptor and water is form ...
L11_lipogenesis
... • Activates acetyl-CoA and ‘primes’ it for lipogenesis • Unusual in that it ‘fixes’ carbon dioxide – In the form of bicarbonate – A carboxylation reaction ...
... • Activates acetyl-CoA and ‘primes’ it for lipogenesis • Unusual in that it ‘fixes’ carbon dioxide – In the form of bicarbonate – A carboxylation reaction ...
Fate of pyruvate
... Citric acid cycle is the final pathway where the oxidative metabolism of Carbohydrates (as glucose), proteins (amino acids) & lipids (fatty acids) to yield energy (ATP) ...
... Citric acid cycle is the final pathway where the oxidative metabolism of Carbohydrates (as glucose), proteins (amino acids) & lipids (fatty acids) to yield energy (ATP) ...
The Cell: A Microcosm of Life Multiple
... Enzymes of metabolic pathways that are associated with the cytoplasmic matrix so that the product of one enzyme is released in close proximity to the next enzyme for which it is a substrate to facilitate velocity of the overall pathway include enzymes of _____. a. beta-oxidation b. glycolysis c. ket ...
... Enzymes of metabolic pathways that are associated with the cytoplasmic matrix so that the product of one enzyme is released in close proximity to the next enzyme for which it is a substrate to facilitate velocity of the overall pathway include enzymes of _____. a. beta-oxidation b. glycolysis c. ket ...
Chapter x – title of chapter
... 29. Maintaining balance in the regulation of metabolic pathways necessary for life of the organism includes all of these catalytic regulatory mechanisms EXCEPT _____. a. increasing the synthesis of constitutive enzymes b. covalent modification through hormone stimulation c. modulation of allosteric ...
... 29. Maintaining balance in the regulation of metabolic pathways necessary for life of the organism includes all of these catalytic regulatory mechanisms EXCEPT _____. a. increasing the synthesis of constitutive enzymes b. covalent modification through hormone stimulation c. modulation of allosteric ...
Cellular Respiration
... It produces 4 NADH and 1 FADH2 for each pyruvate. The Krebs Cycle uses no oxygen, but it can’t go if the ETS isn’t going, so it’s O 2 dependent. This cycle runs once per pyruvate, thus twice per glucose. Per glucose, the Krebs Cycle produces 6 CO2 (discarded as waste in animal cells, recaptured for ...
... It produces 4 NADH and 1 FADH2 for each pyruvate. The Krebs Cycle uses no oxygen, but it can’t go if the ETS isn’t going, so it’s O 2 dependent. This cycle runs once per pyruvate, thus twice per glucose. Per glucose, the Krebs Cycle produces 6 CO2 (discarded as waste in animal cells, recaptured for ...
Mitochondrion
The mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) is a double membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. The word mitochondrion comes from the Greek μίτος, mitos, i.e. ""thread"", and χονδρίον, chondrion, i.e. ""granule"" or ""grain-like"".Mitochondria range from 0.5 to 1.0 μm in diameter. A considerable variation can be seen in the structure and size of this organelle. Unless specifically stained, they are not visible. These structures are described as ""the powerhouse of the cell"" because they generate most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), used as a source of chemical energy. In addition to supplying cellular energy, mitochondria are involved in other tasks, such as signaling, cellular differentiation, and cell death, as well as maintaining control of the cell cycle and cell growth. Mitochondria have been implicated in several human diseases, including mitochondrial disorders, cardiac dysfunction, and heart failure. A recent University of California study including ten children diagnosed with severe autism suggests that autism may be correlated with mitochondrial defects as well.Several characteristics make mitochondria unique. The number of mitochondria in a cell can vary widely by organism, tissue, and cell type. For instance, red blood cells have no mitochondria, whereas liver cells can have more than 2000. The organelle is composed of compartments that carry out specialized functions. These compartments or regions include the outer membrane, the intermembrane space, the inner membrane, and the cristae and matrix. Mitochondrial proteins vary depending on the tissue and the species. In humans, 615 distinct types of protein have been identified from cardiac mitochondria, whereas in rats, 940 proteins have been reported. The mitochondrial proteome is thought to be dynamically regulated. Although most of a cell's DNA is contained in the cell nucleus, the mitochondrion has its own independent genome. Further, its DNA shows substantial similarity to bacterial genomes.