The role of mineral-dust aerosols in polar temperature amplification
... over the nineteenth and twentieth century have more than doubled in certain areas compared with late Holocene averages24,25 , part of which may be due to natural and anthropogenic climate change and part of it related to land-use change. In the future, droughts and land aridity are projected to incr ...
... over the nineteenth and twentieth century have more than doubled in certain areas compared with late Holocene averages24,25 , part of which may be due to natural and anthropogenic climate change and part of it related to land-use change. In the future, droughts and land aridity are projected to incr ...
Paper 4: Climate Change and Biodiversity in High
... environmental conditions prevail also in the highest mountain areas along the spine of the American Cordillera. Ecosystems that have developed in polar, sub-polar and high alpine conditions are typically low-energy systems, with relatively few species at each trophic level, and comparatively simple ...
... environmental conditions prevail also in the highest mountain areas along the spine of the American Cordillera. Ecosystems that have developed in polar, sub-polar and high alpine conditions are typically low-energy systems, with relatively few species at each trophic level, and comparatively simple ...
Articles
... Palmer investigators have used SeaWiFS(Sea-viewingWide Field-of-view Sensor) satellite data to extend their observations seasonally and regionally; they have found that the temporal and spatial variability of biomassis much largerthan previously had been thought (Smith et al. 2001). This variation m ...
... Palmer investigators have used SeaWiFS(Sea-viewingWide Field-of-view Sensor) satellite data to extend their observations seasonally and regionally; they have found that the temporal and spatial variability of biomassis much largerthan previously had been thought (Smith et al. 2001). This variation m ...
A Question of Equilibrium
... The Climate, it is a-changing, driven in part by natural factors and in part by the effects of greenhouse gases emitted through human activity. About half of the global warming is currently attributed to the greenhouse gas (GHG) effect, and about a third of all human GHG emissions are currently abso ...
... The Climate, it is a-changing, driven in part by natural factors and in part by the effects of greenhouse gases emitted through human activity. About half of the global warming is currently attributed to the greenhouse gas (GHG) effect, and about a third of all human GHG emissions are currently abso ...
PDF
... numerous categories of impacts. For instance, higher temperatures may positively affect yields for at least some crops within some range of temperature increase, but will also tend to increase weed and insect damages, increase ozone damages, and likely have damaging effects above a certain threshold ...
... numerous categories of impacts. For instance, higher temperatures may positively affect yields for at least some crops within some range of temperature increase, but will also tend to increase weed and insect damages, increase ozone damages, and likely have damaging effects above a certain threshold ...
Copernicus the EU`s Earth Observation Programme
... striking figure on the importance of such information for climate: 2015 emissions of CO2 from fires in Indonisia were higher than (estimated) total annual industrial emissions from Japan or Germany. ...
... striking figure on the importance of such information for climate: 2015 emissions of CO2 from fires in Indonisia were higher than (estimated) total annual industrial emissions from Japan or Germany. ...
pdf - The Paleoindian Database of the Americas
... dioxide and methane, greenhouse gases, than at any time over the past 650,000 years, and concluded that a ‘‘warming of the climate system is unequivocal’’ (IPCC, 2007, p. 5). Many people alive today will likely see dramatic increases in global temperature and sea level; decreases in snow cover, sea ...
... dioxide and methane, greenhouse gases, than at any time over the past 650,000 years, and concluded that a ‘‘warming of the climate system is unequivocal’’ (IPCC, 2007, p. 5). Many people alive today will likely see dramatic increases in global temperature and sea level; decreases in snow cover, sea ...
The missing climate forcing
... the eruption. Aerosols from the 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo, for example, reflected to space sufficient sunlight to cause a (negative) forcing of about 3 Wm−# (Minnis et al. 1993 ; Hansen et al. 1996 b). By comparison, none of the other natural and anthropogenic radiative forcings that we know a ...
... the eruption. Aerosols from the 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo, for example, reflected to space sufficient sunlight to cause a (negative) forcing of about 3 Wm−# (Minnis et al. 1993 ; Hansen et al. 1996 b). By comparison, none of the other natural and anthropogenic radiative forcings that we know a ...
implications for ecosystem function and structure
... During the summer and fall of 2001, about 5 km of heating cable were installed by hand to minimize disturbance in a 30 9 30 m area (Melillo et al. 2011). Cables were buried at 10 cm depth, spaced 20 cm apart. An adjacent 900-m2 area was delineated to serve as the control area, with a 5-m buffer inbe ...
... During the summer and fall of 2001, about 5 km of heating cable were installed by hand to minimize disturbance in a 30 9 30 m area (Melillo et al. 2011). Cables were buried at 10 cm depth, spaced 20 cm apart. An adjacent 900-m2 area was delineated to serve as the control area, with a 5-m buffer inbe ...
The Ice Is Melting:
... With health, there’s mortality from cold in winter and heat in summer, but again the relationship is not a simple, balanced one. Mortality from cold tends not to be caused by raw exposure (with the exception of the odd drunk who passes out in the open in Anchorage in January) but by flu and similar ...
... With health, there’s mortality from cold in winter and heat in summer, but again the relationship is not a simple, balanced one. Mortality from cold tends not to be caused by raw exposure (with the exception of the odd drunk who passes out in the open in Anchorage in January) but by flu and similar ...
impact of climate change on the management of district heating
... The global annual mean (oceans and continents) of this temperature range has fallen by about 0.07°C per decade since 1950. This fall is the result of a more rapid rise in daily minimum temperatures (Tmin) than in daily maximum temperatures. At the global scale, the diurnal temperature range should c ...
... The global annual mean (oceans and continents) of this temperature range has fallen by about 0.07°C per decade since 1950. This fall is the result of a more rapid rise in daily minimum temperatures (Tmin) than in daily maximum temperatures. At the global scale, the diurnal temperature range should c ...
WSB 8/5/1 Task Group Climate page 1 Agenda Item: 5 Subject
... measures should be beneficial even if the expected development does not happen, for instance if sea level rise turns out lower (or higher) than anticipated. ‘No regret’ should also be applied concerning the natural values and the integrity of the Wadden Sea. Further, flexible approaches contribute t ...
... measures should be beneficial even if the expected development does not happen, for instance if sea level rise turns out lower (or higher) than anticipated. ‘No regret’ should also be applied concerning the natural values and the integrity of the Wadden Sea. Further, flexible approaches contribute t ...
Diapositive 1
... low trophic levels and food quality at mid and high trophic levels Workshop 2: Large-scale regional comparisons of marine biogeochemistry and ecosystem processes - research approaches and results -Special Issue of J Mar Syst Workshop 3: Sensitivity of marine food webs and biogeochemical cycles to en ...
... low trophic levels and food quality at mid and high trophic levels Workshop 2: Large-scale regional comparisons of marine biogeochemistry and ecosystem processes - research approaches and results -Special Issue of J Mar Syst Workshop 3: Sensitivity of marine food webs and biogeochemical cycles to en ...
A blind expert test of contrarian claims about climate data
... statistical issues. This group comprised 30 respondents (11 female, 1 unwilling to indicate gender; mean age 39.3, s = 13.1). Two participants had less than 1 year (or no) professional experience, the remainder had professional experience of 1–2 years (N = 4), 3–5 years (N = 3), 6–10 years (N = 3), ...
... statistical issues. This group comprised 30 respondents (11 female, 1 unwilling to indicate gender; mean age 39.3, s = 13.1). Two participants had less than 1 year (or no) professional experience, the remainder had professional experience of 1–2 years (N = 4), 3–5 years (N = 3), 6–10 years (N = 3), ...
The Role of Regional SST Warming Variations in the - NCAR-RAL
... Chou and Neelin 2004). However, the drying over MA is particularly robust compared to other regions on convective margins (Neelin et al. 2006). The question of why MA is the strongest climate change ‘‘hot spot’’ (Giorgi 2006) (or in this case, ‘‘dry spot’’) in the tropics and subtropics requires fur ...
... Chou and Neelin 2004). However, the drying over MA is particularly robust compared to other regions on convective margins (Neelin et al. 2006). The question of why MA is the strongest climate change ‘‘hot spot’’ (Giorgi 2006) (or in this case, ‘‘dry spot’’) in the tropics and subtropics requires fur ...
P R I N C E T O N ... P R I N C E T O N ... Wagner_ClimateShock_FINAL.indd 3 12/30/14 8:32 AM
... edge of the likely range. All that makes our inability to exclude climate sensitivities above 4.5°C (8°F) all the more significant. Any probability of climate sensitivity that high should make for (heat- induced) shudders. The most important question then is: how fast does the chance of hitting any ...
... edge of the likely range. All that makes our inability to exclude climate sensitivities above 4.5°C (8°F) all the more significant. Any probability of climate sensitivity that high should make for (heat- induced) shudders. The most important question then is: how fast does the chance of hitting any ...
Multicentury Changes to the Global Climate and Carbon Cycle
... the year 2100. Including non-CO2 greenhouse gas forcing and increasing the model’s climate sensitivity increases the effect of this feedback to 140 ppmv. Mathews et al. (2005) also suggest differences in the net primary productivity (NPP) response to climate changes and hence an additional contribut ...
... the year 2100. Including non-CO2 greenhouse gas forcing and increasing the model’s climate sensitivity increases the effect of this feedback to 140 ppmv. Mathews et al. (2005) also suggest differences in the net primary productivity (NPP) response to climate changes and hence an additional contribut ...
Research Paper: Climate Change and Resource Sustainability
... 1.2 Recognition of Risks Due to the nature of the subject, the international discussions on climate change are driven by worldwide climate scientists. There would be a few members of the CIA who would have a good understanding of the issues involved. But the majority of actuaries may not have such u ...
... 1.2 Recognition of Risks Due to the nature of the subject, the international discussions on climate change are driven by worldwide climate scientists. There would be a few members of the CIA who would have a good understanding of the issues involved. But the majority of actuaries may not have such u ...
the wmo voluntary observing ship programme
... irregularly, roughly every two to seven years and is linked to changes in tropical seasurface temperature patterns, with the eastern Pacific tending to be unusually warm during El Niño years. Around the globe, droughts, floods, the collapse of important fisheries and other unusual phenomena are ofte ...
... irregularly, roughly every two to seven years and is linked to changes in tropical seasurface temperature patterns, with the eastern Pacific tending to be unusually warm during El Niño years. Around the globe, droughts, floods, the collapse of important fisheries and other unusual phenomena are ofte ...
DAY 1 - UAF SNAP
... Future projections of temperature, precipitation and linked variables are provided by SNAP model data. The Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) is a wildcard variable that can exaggerate or dampen underlying change. In selecting drivers, there is no need to ignore changes with greater certainty. ...
... Future projections of temperature, precipitation and linked variables are provided by SNAP model data. The Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) is a wildcard variable that can exaggerate or dampen underlying change. In selecting drivers, there is no need to ignore changes with greater certainty. ...
Exploring the behaviour of atmospheric temperatures under dry
... the observed warming reaches about 2 ° C at these locations (with similar results for the other sites, not shown here). Figure 3 thus suggests that rainless-day forcing alone does not explain the observed change in summer Tmax since 1951; indeed, in many locations where there have been decreases in ...
... the observed warming reaches about 2 ° C at these locations (with similar results for the other sites, not shown here). Figure 3 thus suggests that rainless-day forcing alone does not explain the observed change in summer Tmax since 1951; indeed, in many locations where there have been decreases in ...
Module β1
... between sources and sinks ◦ Rates not known with absolute certainty ◦ Factors can affect sink rates, such as ocean currents for dissolution ◦ Higher CO2 concentrations could have effects on rates, such as uptake by plants ...
... between sources and sinks ◦ Rates not known with absolute certainty ◦ Factors can affect sink rates, such as ocean currents for dissolution ◦ Higher CO2 concentrations could have effects on rates, such as uptake by plants ...
Physical impacts of climate change
This article is about the physical impacts of climate change. For some of these physical impacts, their effect on social and economic systems are also described.