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... probability of occurrence of a particular ant species based on current and future (2080) climate derived from MaxEnt models (future minus current, such that positive values indicate increased probability of occurrence under climate warming) were considered continuous fixed effects. The calculation of ...
... probability of occurrence of a particular ant species based on current and future (2080) climate derived from MaxEnt models (future minus current, such that positive values indicate increased probability of occurrence under climate warming) were considered continuous fixed effects. The calculation of ...
The Effect of Urban Heat Island on Climate Warming in the Yangtze
... Statistical analyses, including averaging, linear and non-linear fitting, and regression and correlation analyses, are performed to characterize the UHI and elucidate the affecting factors of UHI using the Statistical Program for Social Sciences (SPSS) 17.0 software (IBM Corp., Chicago, IL, USA). Th ...
... Statistical analyses, including averaging, linear and non-linear fitting, and regression and correlation analyses, are performed to characterize the UHI and elucidate the affecting factors of UHI using the Statistical Program for Social Sciences (SPSS) 17.0 software (IBM Corp., Chicago, IL, USA). Th ...
The Science of Climate Change, Questions and Answers
... CO2 has increased very substantially during the last century, to the highest levels seen in the past 800,000 years, and that this increase is primarily of anthropogenic origin. It is also beyond serious question that some CO2 from human activities remains in the atmosphere for a very long time, as i ...
... CO2 has increased very substantially during the last century, to the highest levels seen in the past 800,000 years, and that this increase is primarily of anthropogenic origin. It is also beyond serious question that some CO2 from human activities remains in the atmosphere for a very long time, as i ...
Climate warming impact on degree
... While the mean global temperature increased by 0.6 K in the 20th century, the temperature rise in Switzerland was much higher: 1.3 K in Eastern and Central Switzerland, 1.6 K in Western Switzerland and 1.0 K south of the Alps. The temperature rise accelerated in the last three decades of the 20th ce ...
... While the mean global temperature increased by 0.6 K in the 20th century, the temperature rise in Switzerland was much higher: 1.3 K in Eastern and Central Switzerland, 1.6 K in Western Switzerland and 1.0 K south of the Alps. The temperature rise accelerated in the last three decades of the 20th ce ...
Biomass production in experimental grasslands of different species
... mechanisms are thought to be involved in altering the community performance in response to changing species numbers (Hector et al., 2000; Huston et al., 2000). The first is complementarity (including facilitation), which allows for more of the total amount of available resources to be taken up by th ...
... mechanisms are thought to be involved in altering the community performance in response to changing species numbers (Hector et al., 2000; Huston et al., 2000). The first is complementarity (including facilitation), which allows for more of the total amount of available resources to be taken up by th ...
Evolutionary and plastic responses of freshwater invertebrates to
... Increased evaporation and changed rainfall patterns are expected to increase salinity levels and to shorten hydroperiods under climate change (Schindler 2001; Moss 2012). In contrast to temperature, effects of salinity and hydroperiod on fitness-related traits have been much less studied in freshwat ...
... Increased evaporation and changed rainfall patterns are expected to increase salinity levels and to shorten hydroperiods under climate change (Schindler 2001; Moss 2012). In contrast to temperature, effects of salinity and hydroperiod on fitness-related traits have been much less studied in freshwat ...
Document
... • the process as a whole would occur over 1000’s of km (a couple of days to oxidize DMS to SO2…transport away from any phytoplankton bloom) • on the whole, is the ocean light or temperature limited? Regional behaviour? • how important is MBL nucleation vs. FT detrainment? • how do sea salt and organ ...
... • the process as a whole would occur over 1000’s of km (a couple of days to oxidize DMS to SO2…transport away from any phytoplankton bloom) • on the whole, is the ocean light or temperature limited? Regional behaviour? • how important is MBL nucleation vs. FT detrainment? • how do sea salt and organ ...
PDF - AMS Journals - American Meteorological Society
... copyedited, formatted, or processed by AMS Publications. This preliminary version of the manuscript may be downloaded, distributed, and cited, but please be aware that there will be visual differences and possibly some content differences between this version and the final published version. The DOI ...
... copyedited, formatted, or processed by AMS Publications. This preliminary version of the manuscript may be downloaded, distributed, and cited, but please be aware that there will be visual differences and possibly some content differences between this version and the final published version. The DOI ...
instructions for formatting your manuscript
... buildup is dictated by temperature and precipitation, we used changes in temperature to determine the change in timing at which snow begins to accumulate. We scaled the rates of change in snow-covered area by changes in precipitation. We used years for which snowfall and temperature were representat ...
... buildup is dictated by temperature and precipitation, we used changes in temperature to determine the change in timing at which snow begins to accumulate. We scaled the rates of change in snow-covered area by changes in precipitation. We used years for which snowfall and temperature were representat ...
Georgia`s Climate Variability vs Climate Change
... Climate change will exacerbate stresses on diverse sectors in North America, including, but not limited to, urban centers, coastal communities, human health, water resources and managed and unmanaged ecosystems. ...
... Climate change will exacerbate stresses on diverse sectors in North America, including, but not limited to, urban centers, coastal communities, human health, water resources and managed and unmanaged ecosystems. ...
Projected changes in mean and extreme precipitation in Africa
... December (SOND); also known as the short-rains]. During the latter season (short-rains), atmospheric dynamics in the first month (September) differ from the rest of the season (October–December). Also, teleconnections with large-scale features such as the ElNiño/Southern-Oscillation (ENSO) are dif ...
... December (SOND); also known as the short-rains]. During the latter season (short-rains), atmospheric dynamics in the first month (September) differ from the rest of the season (October–December). Also, teleconnections with large-scale features such as the ElNiño/Southern-Oscillation (ENSO) are dif ...
Influence of feedback on the stochastic evolution of simple climate systems
... time is τc = 200 years, the value qτ /c(0) = 2.45 is chosen so that, after 100 years, t/τc = 0.5 in dimensionless units of time, the concentration reaches the value c(1) = 550 ppm, twice the pre-industrial level. The feedback parameter γ = 0.34 and the equilibrium temperature difference T0 = 8.84 ...
... time is τc = 200 years, the value qτ /c(0) = 2.45 is chosen so that, after 100 years, t/τc = 0.5 in dimensionless units of time, the concentration reaches the value c(1) = 550 ppm, twice the pre-industrial level. The feedback parameter γ = 0.34 and the equilibrium temperature difference T0 = 8.84 ...
Reversible and irreversible impacts of greenhouse gas
... emission mitigation and adaption efforts is to quantify the reversibility of the impacts of historical and 21st century GHG emissions. Arguably more relevant for individual countries than global mean change is by how much and for how long anthropogenic changes exceed natural variability in individua ...
... emission mitigation and adaption efforts is to quantify the reversibility of the impacts of historical and 21st century GHG emissions. Arguably more relevant for individual countries than global mean change is by how much and for how long anthropogenic changes exceed natural variability in individua ...
From Global to Regional: Local Sea Level Rise Scenarios
... system, coupling a general circulation model with a high-resolution model of the Mediterranean Sea. Results obtained indicate for the end of this century an increase in temperature of 2.5-3 °C with respect to the past (1961-1990). Evaporation increase and reduced precipitation have an important impa ...
... system, coupling a general circulation model with a high-resolution model of the Mediterranean Sea. Results obtained indicate for the end of this century an increase in temperature of 2.5-3 °C with respect to the past (1961-1990). Evaporation increase and reduced precipitation have an important impa ...
Sensitivity of the oceanic carbon reservoir to tropical surface wind
... of deep carbon-rich waters to the ocean surface in contrast can lead to CO2 outgassing acting to counter the net oceanic uptake of anthropogenic CO2 . Furthermore, vertical transport within the ocean determines the nutrient supply to marine ecosystems, which plays an important role in the removal of ...
... of deep carbon-rich waters to the ocean surface in contrast can lead to CO2 outgassing acting to counter the net oceanic uptake of anthropogenic CO2 . Furthermore, vertical transport within the ocean determines the nutrient supply to marine ecosystems, which plays an important role in the removal of ...
The significant climate warming in the northern Tibetan Plateau and
... The global climate has become warmer over the last century and is projected to undergo further warming during the next 100 years (e.g., Jones and Briffa, 1992; Meehl et al., 2007). The observed warming has not been globally uniform, and regional differences in the surface air temperature changes are ...
... The global climate has become warmer over the last century and is projected to undergo further warming during the next 100 years (e.g., Jones and Briffa, 1992; Meehl et al., 2007). The observed warming has not been globally uniform, and regional differences in the surface air temperature changes are ...
Climate Change in the American Mind: Americans` Global Warming
... same time, the number of Americans who say global warming is not happening has declined nearly by half, from 20 percent in January 2010 to 12 percent today. Additional analysis is required to determine why Americans increasingly believe that global warming is happening, but it is likely due to a num ...
... same time, the number of Americans who say global warming is not happening has declined nearly by half, from 20 percent in January 2010 to 12 percent today. Additional analysis is required to determine why Americans increasingly believe that global warming is happening, but it is likely due to a num ...
Overview and significance of a 250 ka paleoclimate record from El
... anchored in the premise that accurate predictions about future climate evolution and related environmental change depends on our capacity to document and recognize the function of the Arctic region in modulating past change under different climate-forcing conditions, including those possibly forced ...
... anchored in the premise that accurate predictions about future climate evolution and related environmental change depends on our capacity to document and recognize the function of the Arctic region in modulating past change under different climate-forcing conditions, including those possibly forced ...
The Climate counter consensus, review - Brians
... and markedly increased over the last 100. Over this 100 year period average global atmospheric temperatures have increased by around .8C of a degree and about ¾ of this has occurred in the last 3 decades. At a global level these increases are regarded as significant 40 . 3.2. RECORD OF OCEAN TEM ...
... and markedly increased over the last 100. Over this 100 year period average global atmospheric temperatures have increased by around .8C of a degree and about ¾ of this has occurred in the last 3 decades. At a global level these increases are regarded as significant 40 . 3.2. RECORD OF OCEAN TEM ...
Frontlines of Climate Change
... temperatures have risen 4 to 7 degrees in just half that time.24 • Human emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases are causing temperatures in much of northern Canada to rise 2 to 3 times faster than the global average.26 ...
... temperatures have risen 4 to 7 degrees in just half that time.24 • Human emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases are causing temperatures in much of northern Canada to rise 2 to 3 times faster than the global average.26 ...
Evidence in support of the climate change–Atlantic hurricane
... dramatically and the increase is correlated with an increase in the late summer/early fall sea surface temperature over the North Atlantic. A debate concerns the nature of these increases with some studies attributing them to a natural climate fluctuation, known as the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillat ...
... dramatically and the increase is correlated with an increase in the late summer/early fall sea surface temperature over the North Atlantic. A debate concerns the nature of these increases with some studies attributing them to a natural climate fluctuation, known as the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillat ...
Physical impacts of climate change
This article is about the physical impacts of climate change. For some of these physical impacts, their effect on social and economic systems are also described.