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Climate
... (0ºC threshold) and the growing season length between those dates (days); (2) growing degree days (GDD, base 10ºC); (3) heating and cooling degree days (HDD and CDD, respectively) using a base temperature of 18.33ºC (65ºF); (4) the total number of days each year with minimum temperatures less than - ...
... (0ºC threshold) and the growing season length between those dates (days); (2) growing degree days (GDD, base 10ºC); (3) heating and cooling degree days (HDD and CDD, respectively) using a base temperature of 18.33ºC (65ºF); (4) the total number of days each year with minimum temperatures less than - ...
Simulation of regional climate change under the IPCC A2 scenario
... feedback from LMDZ-regional to LMDZ-global. Furthermore, we also present results from a two-way nesting system between LMDZ-global and LMDZ-regional. Through two-way nesting, the two models run in parallel with information exchanged every 2 h: outputs of LMDZ-global (LMDZ-regional) as boundary condi ...
... feedback from LMDZ-regional to LMDZ-global. Furthermore, we also present results from a two-way nesting system between LMDZ-global and LMDZ-regional. Through two-way nesting, the two models run in parallel with information exchanged every 2 h: outputs of LMDZ-global (LMDZ-regional) as boundary condi ...
Global Warming: Pollution: Greenhouse Gases
... Feb 2010..
Pentland, William. "World’s Top Emitters of Greenhouse Gases ." (2009):
...
... Feb 2010.
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
... Volcanic aerosol-induced heating of the tropical stratosphere may also enhance the pole-to-equator temperature gradient. In Northern Hemisphere winter, this larger temperature gradient produces a stronger polar vortex, and a corresponding stationary wave pattern of tropospheric circulation, pushing ...
... Volcanic aerosol-induced heating of the tropical stratosphere may also enhance the pole-to-equator temperature gradient. In Northern Hemisphere winter, this larger temperature gradient produces a stronger polar vortex, and a corresponding stationary wave pattern of tropospheric circulation, pushing ...
Recent warming in a 500-year palaeotemperature record from
... and spatial patterns of palaeoclimatic change. Varved sediments provide excellent chronological control and have been shown to record climatic variability (Leonard, 1985; Deslodges, 1994; Leeman and Neissen, 1994; Hardy et al., 1996; Lamoureux and Bradley, 1996; Gajewski et al., 1997). In the Arctic ...
... and spatial patterns of palaeoclimatic change. Varved sediments provide excellent chronological control and have been shown to record climatic variability (Leonard, 1985; Deslodges, 1994; Leeman and Neissen, 1994; Hardy et al., 1996; Lamoureux and Bradley, 1996; Gajewski et al., 1997). In the Arctic ...
Projected changes in mean and extreme precipitation in
... statistics are used to derive the relative weights assigned to each member in the multimodel ensemble. There is substantial evidence in support of a positive shift of the whole rainfall distribution in East Africa during the wet seasons. The models give indications for an increase in mean precipitat ...
... statistics are used to derive the relative weights assigned to each member in the multimodel ensemble. There is substantial evidence in support of a positive shift of the whole rainfall distribution in East Africa during the wet seasons. The models give indications for an increase in mean precipitat ...
Changes to the tropical circulation in the mid
... balance evaporation on a global scale, and since most precipitation occurs through convection in the tropics, the tropical convective mass flux must decrease (Held and Soden, 2006). In other words, tropical convective updrafts do not have to be as strong as before to maintain the balance between eva ...
... balance evaporation on a global scale, and since most precipitation occurs through convection in the tropics, the tropical convective mass flux must decrease (Held and Soden, 2006). In other words, tropical convective updrafts do not have to be as strong as before to maintain the balance between eva ...
Climate evolution in the last five centuries
... The main results of a transient climate simulation of the last 500 years with a coupled atmosphere-ocean model driven by estimated solar variability, volcanic activity and atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases are presented and compared with several empirical climate reconstructions. Along ...
... The main results of a transient climate simulation of the last 500 years with a coupled atmosphere-ocean model driven by estimated solar variability, volcanic activity and atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases are presented and compared with several empirical climate reconstructions. Along ...
Interactive responses of old-field plant growth and composition to
... changes will in turn affect the rate of climate change. Here we describe responses of an old-field herbaceous community to a factorial combination of four levels of warming (up to 4 °C) and three precipitation regimes (drought, ambient and rain addition) over 2 years. Warming suppressed total produc ...
... changes will in turn affect the rate of climate change. Here we describe responses of an old-field herbaceous community to a factorial combination of four levels of warming (up to 4 °C) and three precipitation regimes (drought, ambient and rain addition) over 2 years. Warming suppressed total produc ...
CB-48 - Climate Science: Roger Pielke Sr.
... called the Pacific North American Pattern (PNA) which arches in a great circle northward from the tropical Pacific and eastward across North America and then southward towards the tropics. Discussion as to whether El Niño distinctly forces the PNA or simply modifies the statistics of an already exi ...
... called the Pacific North American Pattern (PNA) which arches in a great circle northward from the tropical Pacific and eastward across North America and then southward towards the tropics. Discussion as to whether El Niño distinctly forces the PNA or simply modifies the statistics of an already exi ...
CLIMATIC CHANGE IN MOUNTAIN REGIONS: A REVIEW OF
... the fastest growing industries worldwide. Tourism has both economic benefits for, and potential adverse effects on, mountain environments and local mountain communities. Changing climates may alter the seasonal patterns of tourism (for example, skiing in winter), and thus the environmental pressures ...
... the fastest growing industries worldwide. Tourism has both economic benefits for, and potential adverse effects on, mountain environments and local mountain communities. Changing climates may alter the seasonal patterns of tourism (for example, skiing in winter), and thus the environmental pressures ...
Extracting and analyzing the warming trend in
... versions of temperature and forcing datasets and state-of-the-art econometric techniques. It is shown that both temperature and radiative forcing variables can be best represented as trend stationary processes with structural changes occurring in the slope of their trend functions, the trend being d ...
... versions of temperature and forcing datasets and state-of-the-art econometric techniques. It is shown that both temperature and radiative forcing variables can be best represented as trend stationary processes with structural changes occurring in the slope of their trend functions, the trend being d ...
Atmospheric Circulations Do Not Explain the Temperature
... the IPCC Report, chiefly the Arctic Oscillation (AO), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and the Southern Oscillation Index (SO), also known as the El Niño cycle. Each one is an oscillating pattern in air pressure or ocean-atmosphere interactions operating over long ...
... the IPCC Report, chiefly the Arctic Oscillation (AO), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and the Southern Oscillation Index (SO), also known as the El Niño cycle. Each one is an oscillating pattern in air pressure or ocean-atmosphere interactions operating over long ...
Download: ACI2015 - Summary for Policy-makers
... Climate models indicate that the rise in global methane concentrations in the air since pre-industrial times has increased Arctic temperatures by about half a degree C to date, about twice as much as its impact on global temperature. This difference is consistent with the faster rate of Arctic warmi ...
... Climate models indicate that the rise in global methane concentrations in the air since pre-industrial times has increased Arctic temperatures by about half a degree C to date, about twice as much as its impact on global temperature. This difference is consistent with the faster rate of Arctic warmi ...
impact of climate change on the runoff regime of an eastern
... Recent rise in global mean air and ocean temperatures, extensive melting of snow and ice, and rising global average sea levels are indicators of climate change and global warming. In the last century, historical data analyses have illustrated an overall rise in global surface air temperature by abou ...
... Recent rise in global mean air and ocean temperatures, extensive melting of snow and ice, and rising global average sea levels are indicators of climate change and global warming. In the last century, historical data analyses have illustrated an overall rise in global surface air temperature by abou ...
IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE RUNOFF REGIME OF AN
... Recent rise in global mean air and ocean temperatures, extensive melting of snow and ice, and rising global average sea levels are indicators of climate change and global warming. In the last century, historical data analyses have illustrated an overall rise in global surface air temperature by abou ...
... Recent rise in global mean air and ocean temperatures, extensive melting of snow and ice, and rising global average sea levels are indicators of climate change and global warming. In the last century, historical data analyses have illustrated an overall rise in global surface air temperature by abou ...
Young people`s burden: Requirement of
... 0.18°C/decade, with the current annual temperature exceeding +1.25°C relative to 1880-1920. Global temperature has just reached a level similar to the mean level in the prior interglacial (Eemian) period, when sea level was several meters higher than today, and, if it long remains at this level, slo ...
... 0.18°C/decade, with the current annual temperature exceeding +1.25°C relative to 1880-1920. Global temperature has just reached a level similar to the mean level in the prior interglacial (Eemian) period, when sea level was several meters higher than today, and, if it long remains at this level, slo ...
Lab Handout
... 1895 to the present (Menne et al. 2010). These data are particularly useful for climate change studies as the weather stations have remained in the same location for the entirety of the collection period and are situated away from urban areas. This eliminates false temperature trends due to altitudi ...
... 1895 to the present (Menne et al. 2010). These data are particularly useful for climate change studies as the weather stations have remained in the same location for the entirety of the collection period and are situated away from urban areas. This eliminates false temperature trends due to altitudi ...
Mapping the return periods of extreme sea levels: Allowing for short
... extreme statistics, essential information for the development of any sensible adaptation strategy to global sea level rise and climate change. The DEM is used to downscale the flooding statistics to the community level (i.e., to downscale the results of the extremal analysis to a horizontal resoluti ...
... extreme statistics, essential information for the development of any sensible adaptation strategy to global sea level rise and climate change. The DEM is used to downscale the flooding statistics to the community level (i.e., to downscale the results of the extremal analysis to a horizontal resoluti ...
Temperature sensitivity of drought-induced tree mortality portends
... consequences of potentially large releases of C from the biosphere to the atmosphere due to widespread mortality could contribute to further warming (19–21, 25). Small droughtinduced increases solely in background mortality rates may even be sufficient to alter regional C budgets (13, 16, 26). Droug ...
... consequences of potentially large releases of C from the biosphere to the atmosphere due to widespread mortality could contribute to further warming (19–21, 25). Small droughtinduced increases solely in background mortality rates may even be sufficient to alter regional C budgets (13, 16, 26). Droug ...
Resilience
... evidence, and convincing forms of argument (Friibergh Workshop on Sustainability Science 2000). There are three reasons why the Arctic is one of the best places to study human adaptations to climate change. First, it is expected that the effects of climate change will be felt earlier and more keenly ...
... evidence, and convincing forms of argument (Friibergh Workshop on Sustainability Science 2000). There are three reasons why the Arctic is one of the best places to study human adaptations to climate change. First, it is expected that the effects of climate change will be felt earlier and more keenly ...
Physical impacts of climate change
This article is about the physical impacts of climate change. For some of these physical impacts, their effect on social and economic systems are also described.