CARBON NEUTRALITY BY 2020:
... “Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is now evident from observations of increases in global average air temperature and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice, and rising global mean sea-level.” IPCC, Fourth Assessment Report, Working Group I, 2007 According to the 2007 ...
... “Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is now evident from observations of increases in global average air temperature and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice, and rising global mean sea-level.” IPCC, Fourth Assessment Report, Working Group I, 2007 According to the 2007 ...
Gilbert N. Plass: Climate Science in Perspective
... surface cannot escape freely to space and the temperature at the surface is higher than it would be otherwise. The atmosphere has just the same properties as the glass in the greenhouse. The carbon dioxide theory states that, as the amount of carbon dioxide increases, the atmosphere becomes opaque o ...
... surface cannot escape freely to space and the temperature at the surface is higher than it would be otherwise. The atmosphere has just the same properties as the glass in the greenhouse. The carbon dioxide theory states that, as the amount of carbon dioxide increases, the atmosphere becomes opaque o ...
Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventory for all sectors of Sonoma
... produced by all sectors in the jurisdiction, or first one and then the other. Sonoma municipalities chose to “lead by example,” focusing on internal operations first. This study represents Sonoma’s first assessment of the greenhouse gas emitted by the whole community. The County of Sonoma and the Ci ...
... produced by all sectors in the jurisdiction, or first one and then the other. Sonoma municipalities chose to “lead by example,” focusing on internal operations first. This study represents Sonoma’s first assessment of the greenhouse gas emitted by the whole community. The County of Sonoma and the Ci ...
On welfare frameworks and catastrophic climate risks
... Notice how the critical value of g(a) at which the convergence properties of I(a) changes depends on the parameter γ, which measures the steepness of the climate damages function, and η which measures the curvature of the utility function. Increases in either of these parameters decrease the range o ...
... Notice how the critical value of g(a) at which the convergence properties of I(a) changes depends on the parameter γ, which measures the steepness of the climate damages function, and η which measures the curvature of the utility function. Increases in either of these parameters decrease the range o ...
North Pacific Climate Response to Freshwater Forcing in the
... 2007). We examine the case of 1 Sv hosing for which the AMOC nearly shuts down in all the models (Stouffer et al. 2006). This rate will increase the global-mean sea level by 9 m over a 100-yr period. Comparable sea level changes are estimated for the millennium climate variations during the last gla ...
... 2007). We examine the case of 1 Sv hosing for which the AMOC nearly shuts down in all the models (Stouffer et al. 2006). This rate will increase the global-mean sea level by 9 m over a 100-yr period. Comparable sea level changes are estimated for the millennium climate variations during the last gla ...
RSM-ASCC_conceptpape..
... professionals and skilled workers will outpace the region’s requirements for lower skilled labor. The report, however, is limited to the ASEAN region and does not touch on the increasing demand from outside the region where the strength of an integrated ASEAN community could and should exert more in ...
... professionals and skilled workers will outpace the region’s requirements for lower skilled labor. The report, however, is limited to the ASEAN region and does not touch on the increasing demand from outside the region where the strength of an integrated ASEAN community could and should exert more in ...
PDF
... Louisiana perceive climate change and how they believe climate change affects sea-level rise. This thesis determines if and how the public’s perception of sea-level rise due to climate change affects their willingness to pay for coastal wetland protection projects. The data that are needed for this ...
... Louisiana perceive climate change and how they believe climate change affects sea-level rise. This thesis determines if and how the public’s perception of sea-level rise due to climate change affects their willingness to pay for coastal wetland protection projects. The data that are needed for this ...
Behaviour Change - Appendix B
... Those approached came from four sources: 2002 Hampshire and Climate Change Summit participants list, supplied by Hampshire County Council Independently sourced local stakeholders Independently sourced non-local stakeholders Stakeholders suggested by respondents during the course of this prog ...
... Those approached came from four sources: 2002 Hampshire and Climate Change Summit participants list, supplied by Hampshire County Council Independently sourced local stakeholders Independently sourced non-local stakeholders Stakeholders suggested by respondents during the course of this prog ...
Update on Selected Climate Issues of Concern
... melt. These climate forcers are also relatively short-lived and have the potential for relatively rapid reductions in emissions and thus in atmospheric levels. There are various options for emissions reductions that can be taken in northern regions and globally. Improving quantitative estimates of t ...
... melt. These climate forcers are also relatively short-lived and have the potential for relatively rapid reductions in emissions and thus in atmospheric levels. There are various options for emissions reductions that can be taken in northern regions and globally. Improving quantitative estimates of t ...
as pdf, 3.4 MB
... handle the oceans will be a decisive test of humankind’s ability to steer a sustainable course in the future. ...
... handle the oceans will be a decisive test of humankind’s ability to steer a sustainable course in the future. ...
(Accredited) - AS Level Geography - H081
... Through the study of Landscape and place (01), learners will develop an appreciation of key concepts within physical and human geography. The study of Landscapes Systems, contextualised through either coastal landscapes, dryland landscapes or glaciated landscapes, will give learners an understanding ...
... Through the study of Landscape and place (01), learners will develop an appreciation of key concepts within physical and human geography. The study of Landscapes Systems, contextualised through either coastal landscapes, dryland landscapes or glaciated landscapes, will give learners an understanding ...
SECOND-ORDER DRAFT IPCC WGII AR5 Chapter 10 Do Not Cite
... (Bashmakov et al., forthcoming) but impacts of climate changes too will be important for secure and reliable energy supply. ...
... (Bashmakov et al., forthcoming) but impacts of climate changes too will be important for secure and reliable energy supply. ...
LARS-WG A Stochastic Weather Generator for Use in Climate
... LARS-WG is based on the series weather generator described in Racsko et al. (1991). It utilises semi-empirical distributions for the lengths of wet and dry day series, daily precipitation and daily solar radiation. The semi-empirical distribution Emp= { a0, ai; hi, i=1,.…,10} is a histogram with ten ...
... LARS-WG is based on the series weather generator described in Racsko et al. (1991). It utilises semi-empirical distributions for the lengths of wet and dry day series, daily precipitation and daily solar radiation. The semi-empirical distribution Emp= { a0, ai; hi, i=1,.…,10} is a histogram with ten ...
Crime, Weather, and Climate Change
... emissions scenarios such as A1FI and low emissions scenarios such as B1. This scenario represents a future world with high rates of economic growth and substantial convergence between developing and developed economies, where rapid technological change is based on a balance of fossil-fuel intensive ...
... emissions scenarios such as A1FI and low emissions scenarios such as B1. This scenario represents a future world with high rates of economic growth and substantial convergence between developing and developed economies, where rapid technological change is based on a balance of fossil-fuel intensive ...
Regional Climate Change Adaptation Plan for the Eyre Peninsula
... management and biodiversity conservation, both of which will be impacted by declining rainfall and projected increased temperatures. The adaptation pathways analysis focussed on eight issues and areas of decision making (described in italics below). These were then considered in a regional context t ...
... management and biodiversity conservation, both of which will be impacted by declining rainfall and projected increased temperatures. The adaptation pathways analysis focussed on eight issues and areas of decision making (described in italics below). These were then considered in a regional context t ...
Use of Traditional Weather/Climate Knowledge by Farmers
... institutional transformations within which such strategies would become rational for farmers [38]. Vulnerability has emerged as a cross-cutting theme in research on the human dimensions of global environmental change. Yet, vulnerability to climate change has traditionally been studied in isolation f ...
... institutional transformations within which such strategies would become rational for farmers [38]. Vulnerability has emerged as a cross-cutting theme in research on the human dimensions of global environmental change. Yet, vulnerability to climate change has traditionally been studied in isolation f ...
CSPR Briefing C SP R B
... Land use change, such as clearing of forest (deforestation), abandonment of land or establishment of vegetation, means changes in carbon stocks which alter the exchange of carbon between the terrestrial ecosystem and the atmosphere, causing emissions or removal of carbon. The Intergovernmental Panel ...
... Land use change, such as clearing of forest (deforestation), abandonment of land or establishment of vegetation, means changes in carbon stocks which alter the exchange of carbon between the terrestrial ecosystem and the atmosphere, causing emissions or removal of carbon. The Intergovernmental Panel ...
2007-2012 Hadley Centre Climate Programme
... It is often useful to group all of these different driving factors under a single name - climate forcings. Climate forcings can be natural (e.g. volcanic emissions or changes in the sun’s output) or man made (e.g. changes from woodland to pasture, or changing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2 ) concen ...
... It is often useful to group all of these different driving factors under a single name - climate forcings. Climate forcings can be natural (e.g. volcanic emissions or changes in the sun’s output) or man made (e.g. changes from woodland to pasture, or changing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2 ) concen ...
Drought and warming induced changes in P and K concentration
... The decrease in growth can contribute to a concentration effect and the changes in leaf photosynthetic capacity and in transpiration fluxes can change the leaf–stem allocation. All these previous results also indicate that drought and warming could affect the P and K contents in soil and in plants d ...
... The decrease in growth can contribute to a concentration effect and the changes in leaf photosynthetic capacity and in transpiration fluxes can change the leaf–stem allocation. All these previous results also indicate that drought and warming could affect the P and K contents in soil and in plants d ...
Climate Change and Re-Insurance: The Human Security Issue
... policy makers. The given degree of international consensus varies greatly between those most affected by changes to climatic conditions in contrast to those who are estimated to only experience a limited effect. Controversially, it can also be claimed that some regions are set to gain from climate c ...
... policy makers. The given degree of international consensus varies greatly between those most affected by changes to climatic conditions in contrast to those who are estimated to only experience a limited effect. Controversially, it can also be claimed that some regions are set to gain from climate c ...
Climate Change as Metaphor & Catalyst
... it and the universal quests of humankind identified by scholars of anthropology (Boas 1911 (1938), Douglas and Wildavsky 1982, LeVine and Campbell 1971/1972, Mead 1956, 1970, Textor 1967), comparative literature and religion (Campbell 1949, 1988, Smith 1958), psychology (LeVine and Campbell 1971/19 ...
... it and the universal quests of humankind identified by scholars of anthropology (Boas 1911 (1938), Douglas and Wildavsky 1982, LeVine and Campbell 1971/1972, Mead 1956, 1970, Textor 1967), comparative literature and religion (Campbell 1949, 1988, Smith 1958), psychology (LeVine and Campbell 1971/19 ...
PRODUCTION FUNCTION ANALYSIS OF THE SENSITIVITY OF
... Understanding and predicting these inter-annual, inter-decadal and multi-decadal variations in climate has become the major challenge facing most African climate scientists in recent years. The work of examining climate variability, especially rainfall, has also been set in the wider context of the ...
... Understanding and predicting these inter-annual, inter-decadal and multi-decadal variations in climate has become the major challenge facing most African climate scientists in recent years. The work of examining climate variability, especially rainfall, has also been set in the wider context of the ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).