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The Hidden Consequences of Climate Change
The Hidden Consequences of Climate Change

... The Hidden Consequences of Climate Change The Hidden Facts x Climate change disproportionately negatively impacts those who are least responsible for its advancement, namely persons of color. x African Americans are least responsible for climate change. African-Americans as a group emit 6,171 kg of ...
Dr Graeme Pearman`s Presentation from the Sept 2010
Dr Graeme Pearman`s Presentation from the Sept 2010

... • Are humans the cause? – Our use of energy is increasing greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, and this is very likely the reason for recent warming ...
Why We Should and How We Could Manage to Increase Resilience
Why We Should and How We Could Manage to Increase Resilience

... 1995 Detected a significant change in warming 2001 Projected rate of warming much larger than 20th century, likely to be without precedent 2007 Warming of climate system is unequivocal ...
Draft – Review of Durban Outcome – Legal Form
Draft – Review of Durban Outcome – Legal Form

... Developed countries must take the lead – political and economic problems at home are no excuse for inaction. COP17 struggled for media attention in a week of critical EU negotiations and continued fears for the global economy. The current crisis will be dwarfed by the crises that climate change will ...
60 years of average annual temperature rise
60 years of average annual temperature rise

... 1 March 2011 ...
World must urgently up action to cut a further 25% from predicted
World must urgently up action to cut a further 25% from predicted

... a chance of limiting global warming to 2oC this century. One gigatonne is roughly equivalent to the emissions generated by transport in the European Union (including aviation) over a year. Scientists agree that limiting global warming to under 2oC this century (compared to pre-industrial levels), wi ...
Terms of Reference - Department of Environment, Land, Water and
Terms of Reference - Department of Environment, Land, Water and

... climate change now and into the future. Climate change policy continues to evolve globally and nationally. By the end of 2015 there will be progress in international agreements under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The Australian Government’s climate change policies will a ...
Terms of Reference - Department of Environment, Land, Water and
Terms of Reference - Department of Environment, Land, Water and

... climate change now and into the future. Climate change policy continues to evolve globally and nationally. By the end of 2015 there will be progress in international agreements under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The Australian Government’s climate change policies will a ...
documentation
documentation

... Source: CDC “Climate change will affect air quality through several pathways including …pollen and mold spores and increases in regional ambient concentrations of ozone, fine particles, and dust. Some of these pollutants can directly cause respiratory disease or exacerbate respiratory disease in sus ...
Distinguishing Good Science from Bad D. Duncan NAME
Distinguishing Good Science from Bad D. Duncan NAME

... ocean has continued to warm in line with predictions of just such a phenomenon seen in climate models. Third, it is the "vertical distribution" of the warming, between the surface and deep water, which affects the warming observed on land and at the sea surface. The point of the paper is that the al ...
Data needs and priorities of research community for climate
Data needs and priorities of research community for climate

... climate change and to account for autonomous or planned adaptation. 6) Systematically monitor and assess vulnerability 7) Harmonize across climate, impacts, adaptation and vulnerability: consistent land use, land cover, emissions; climate assessments; historic and future 8) Better understand variati ...
Rudzani_Makhado_ClimateChange_Review
Rudzani_Makhado_ClimateChange_Review

... Atmosphere-Ocean Global Climate Models or AtmosphereOcean General Circulation Model or simply AOGCMs begun to run with slowly increasing CO2, and preliminary results of these models appeared in the 1990 IPCC Assessment (IPCC, 1990). ...
The Ecosystem - washburnsciencelies
The Ecosystem - washburnsciencelies

... solar energy reflected back into the atmosphere by the Earth’s surface. As the mean global temperature increases, more ice will melt each year. Less ice will mean less albedo, which will lead to an increase in temperature. Increased carbon dioxide released from biomass decomposition, especially in f ...
Western Climate Initiative
Western Climate Initiative

... – Electricity generation – Industrial sector – Threshold: 25,000 tonnes of CO2eq. per year ...
one climate, one world
one climate, one world

... “It’s really important that organisations like CAFOD speak out about climate change …We have a common cause and when we come together we are very powerful. We don’t have to be helpless…There is so much we can do…as a village, as a town, as a country, and as a global ...
Great Plains - USA National Phenology Network
Great Plains - USA National Phenology Network

... some later, while oth- has increased from 1995-2009 by as much as 16 days, with This is one in a series of eight, ers show no change.” longer allergy seasons in the north. Researchers attributed geographic region-focused information sheets that sum- this to regional warming that delayed the onset of ...
climate change research center (ccrc)
climate change research center (ccrc)

... The Bali Declaration emphasises the current scientific consensus that long-term greenhouse gas concentrations need to be stabilised at a level well below 450ppm CO2e (450 parts per million measured in carbon dioxide equivalent). Building on the urgency of the recent Synthesis Report of the Intergove ...
- EdShare - University of Southampton
- EdShare - University of Southampton

... proxy record (red): Courtesy of the Royal Society: Hansen, J., Sato, M., Kharecha, P., Russell, G., Lea, D.W., Siddall, M., (2007) Climate change and trace gases. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A , v. 365, p. 19251954. ...
Climate change and water
Climate change and water

... Climate change and water Australia is one of the must vulnerable developed countries to the impacts of climate change (Garnaut, 2008). The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report that Australia natural and economic systems are already becoming stressed by changes in climate, in parti ...
Trang,Integrated adaptation approach to climate change
Trang,Integrated adaptation approach to climate change

... high natural capital • Millions depend on region’s ecosystems ...
WARNINGS FROM THE BIOSPHERE
WARNINGS FROM THE BIOSPHERE

... into the atmosphere by humans since the industrial revolution. One-third of that carbon dioxide is absorbed by the world’s oceans making them acidic and affecting marine life.”5  “Although our primary guide to the future will remain the simulations carried out in coupled atmosphere ocean computer m ...
Does pre-industrial warming double the anthropogenic total?
Does pre-industrial warming double the anthropogenic total?

... in Europe spanning the last 2000 years to model the extent of pre-industrial deforestation there, and by extension in other agricultural regions (Kaplan et al., 2010). By their estimate, pre-industrial deforestation released some 343 Gt (billion tons) of carbon C into the climate system, enough to c ...
Climate change
Climate change

... tests) by changes in the mean or variability of its properties, and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. Climate variability refers to variations beyond individual weather events in the mean state and other statistics of the climate (such as standard deviations, the occ ...
project_brief_gcca
project_brief_gcca

... (PAA) places emphasis on climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction. In 1989 the Vanuatu Government formed the National Advisory Committee on Climate Change (NACCC), what is now the National Advisory Board on Climate Change and Disaster Risk Reduction (NAB) to advise the government on mat ...
Lynn, Kathy - Scholars` Bank
Lynn, Kathy - Scholars` Bank

... United States. The study will result in knowledge transfer through the dissemination of presentations, resources and publications to assist tribes throughout the United States in addressing climate change. Through this study, we also hope to build awareness among non-tribal communities, organization ...
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Attribution of recent climate change



Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).
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