africa - PAGES - Past Global Changes
... Lake Naivasha level decline in intervening period was attributed to a decreasing rainfall trend averaging about 5 mm yr-1 over the basin (1920-49) and increasing human consumption from river influents and borehole pumping While there are indications that the Indian monsoon rainfall has been decreasi ...
... Lake Naivasha level decline in intervening period was attributed to a decreasing rainfall trend averaging about 5 mm yr-1 over the basin (1920-49) and increasing human consumption from river influents and borehole pumping While there are indications that the Indian monsoon rainfall has been decreasi ...
Global change problems
... Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (United Nations), Third Assessment Report, ...
... Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (United Nations), Third Assessment Report, ...
12659799_NZSkepticsConference2
... • Can we simply dismiss this claim outright? No. • But it does put a big burden of proof on the climate change contrarians. – If you are going to claim that the world’s most prestigious scientific academies are all making a horrible mistake, then you had better have a good ...
... • Can we simply dismiss this claim outright? No. • But it does put a big burden of proof on the climate change contrarians. – If you are going to claim that the world’s most prestigious scientific academies are all making a horrible mistake, then you had better have a good ...
P31.14 Herbs are hurt, shrubs will thrive in a warmer arctic climate
... International Tundra Experiment – as a collaborative, circumpolar experiment using a common design to examine variability in species response to temperature manipulation. At all sites, the same sets of observations were carried out according to a protocol outlined in the ITEX Manual (Molau and Mølga ...
... International Tundra Experiment – as a collaborative, circumpolar experiment using a common design to examine variability in species response to temperature manipulation. At all sites, the same sets of observations were carried out according to a protocol outlined in the ITEX Manual (Molau and Mølga ...
IUCN World Conservation Congress Hawai`i Climate Fund Request
... Climate Fund. The Fund partners invite proposals from Hawai‘i-based non-profit organizations engaged in climate change mitigation, adaptation, and education work. This fund will support projects that focus on community-based initiatives to address the root causes of climate change, and promote th ...
... Climate Fund. The Fund partners invite proposals from Hawai‘i-based non-profit organizations engaged in climate change mitigation, adaptation, and education work. This fund will support projects that focus on community-based initiatives to address the root causes of climate change, and promote th ...
Climate Change Lecture Notes
... 5. Students can identify the major ways in which the ocean affects the average temperature of the Earth, and explain how and why the ocean affects the average temperature of the Earth. 6. Students can describe and explain how and why the amount of clouds in the atmosphere affects the average tempera ...
... 5. Students can identify the major ways in which the ocean affects the average temperature of the Earth, and explain how and why the ocean affects the average temperature of the Earth. 6. Students can describe and explain how and why the amount of clouds in the atmosphere affects the average tempera ...
Climate Variability and Predictability Program Jim Todd Program Manager, CVP
... predictability of the slowly varying physical components of the climate system, i.e., those that occur on seasonal, interannual, decadal and centennial time-scales. Through this program, CVP leverages significant multiagency (NOAA, NASA, NSF, DOE) and international support for important activities. ...
... predictability of the slowly varying physical components of the climate system, i.e., those that occur on seasonal, interannual, decadal and centennial time-scales. Through this program, CVP leverages significant multiagency (NOAA, NASA, NSF, DOE) and international support for important activities. ...
Climate Change Experiment - International Meetings on Statistical
... the year at which we would reject (at the α = 0.05 level) the null hypothesis that the 20-year return levels from the two runs are equal in favor of the alternative hypothesis that the 20-year return level from the Scenario run is greater than that from the Control run (1) Hinge-type model: Detectio ...
... the year at which we would reject (at the α = 0.05 level) the null hypothesis that the 20-year return levels from the two runs are equal in favor of the alternative hypothesis that the 20-year return level from the Scenario run is greater than that from the Control run (1) Hinge-type model: Detectio ...
Lesson 6 (Teacher)
... climate scientists believe that the Earth’s average temperature has been rising over the past century, and that most of this warming has been caused by manmade emissions of greenhouse gases, such as the burning of fossil fuels. Global warming can make it difficult for humans and natural ecosystems t ...
... climate scientists believe that the Earth’s average temperature has been rising over the past century, and that most of this warming has been caused by manmade emissions of greenhouse gases, such as the burning of fossil fuels. Global warming can make it difficult for humans and natural ecosystems t ...
Agriculture Is Plowing Up the Climate - Max-Planck
... around two watts per square meter. A change of this magnitude at the regional level is just as large as the current global greenhouse effect; however, it has the opposite impact, as it causes cooling rather than warming. Even historical events can leave their traces on the climate through such bioge ...
... around two watts per square meter. A change of this magnitude at the regional level is just as large as the current global greenhouse effect; however, it has the opposite impact, as it causes cooling rather than warming. Even historical events can leave their traces on the climate through such bioge ...
Fact Sheet - Climate Change 2013
... The IPCC’s Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) contains contributions from three Working Groups. Working Group I assesses the physical science basis of climate change. Working Group II assesses impacts, adaptation and vulnerability while Working Group III assesses the mitigation of climate change. The Syn ...
... The IPCC’s Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) contains contributions from three Working Groups. Working Group I assesses the physical science basis of climate change. Working Group II assesses impacts, adaptation and vulnerability while Working Group III assesses the mitigation of climate change. The Syn ...
Atmospheric Water Vapour in the Climate System: Climate Models 1
... Interactive oceans Interactive carbon cycle ...
... Interactive oceans Interactive carbon cycle ...
Greenhouse effects
... increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations". Over the past 800,000 years,ice core data shows unambiguously that carbon dioxide has varied from values as low as 180 parts per million (ppm) to the pre-industrial level of 270ppm.Paleoclimatologists consider variations in carbon dioxide t ...
... increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations". Over the past 800,000 years,ice core data shows unambiguously that carbon dioxide has varied from values as low as 180 parts per million (ppm) to the pre-industrial level of 270ppm.Paleoclimatologists consider variations in carbon dioxide t ...
Sedimentary Record Yields Several Centuries of Data
... 1,000 years ago. There is considerable discussion in the scientific literature and the popular press about the cause of warming during the present century. Warming of about half a degree this century has been attributed to the human-induced “greenhouse effect.” Although this is not universally accept ...
... 1,000 years ago. There is considerable discussion in the scientific literature and the popular press about the cause of warming during the present century. Warming of about half a degree this century has been attributed to the human-induced “greenhouse effect.” Although this is not universally accept ...
Observed Impacts: Sea
... Diane McFadzien, Climate Change Advisor, Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP) ...
... Diane McFadzien, Climate Change Advisor, Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP) ...
PDF Download
... Second, low-carbon technologies help to de-carbonize our energy systems. However, market failures related to the specific circumstances of technological innovation exist which prevent the largescale uptake of sustainable energy sources. For this reason, it is important to understand that even a well ...
... Second, low-carbon technologies help to de-carbonize our energy systems. However, market failures related to the specific circumstances of technological innovation exist which prevent the largescale uptake of sustainable energy sources. For this reason, it is important to understand that even a well ...
Attachment to Appendix 1: Full title listing of Online Publications
... Recommendations of the International Union of Geological Sciences Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks Image Registration for Remote Sensing The Impact of Climate Change on the United States Economy Impacts of Climate Change and Climate Variability on Hydrological Regimes Industrial Eco ...
... Recommendations of the International Union of Geological Sciences Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks Image Registration for Remote Sensing The Impact of Climate Change on the United States Economy Impacts of Climate Change and Climate Variability on Hydrological Regimes Industrial Eco ...
our climate, economy, and health
... winters and New Hampshire’s Lost Ski Areas: An Integrated Case Study, International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 23, 52-73 Markham A. and C. Wake. (2005) Indicators of Climate Change in the Northeast. Clean Air - Cool Planet and The Climate Change Research Center, University of New Hampsh ...
... winters and New Hampshire’s Lost Ski Areas: An Integrated Case Study, International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 23, 52-73 Markham A. and C. Wake. (2005) Indicators of Climate Change in the Northeast. Clean Air - Cool Planet and The Climate Change Research Center, University of New Hampsh ...
Public Perceptions of Climate Change: Key Trends and Emerging
... • View it as a distant problem affecting other people and times • Recognise the effects (heat, melting glaciers) but don’t spontaneously connect these with anthropogenic causes (energy use, deforestation) • Many causes (e.g. electricity use) and some consequences (ocean acidification) ‘invisible’ in ...
... • View it as a distant problem affecting other people and times • Recognise the effects (heat, melting glaciers) but don’t spontaneously connect these with anthropogenic causes (energy use, deforestation) • Many causes (e.g. electricity use) and some consequences (ocean acidification) ‘invisible’ in ...
Climate Change and Water - University of California, Riverside
... • Greenhouse gases are emitted by burning fossil fuels and deforestation • Deforestation has led to younger forests that now are absorbing carbon dioxide • Oceans also absorbing greenhouse gases • Greenhouse gases are accumulating in the atmosphere at slightly slower rate than emissions of fossil fu ...
... • Greenhouse gases are emitted by burning fossil fuels and deforestation • Deforestation has led to younger forests that now are absorbing carbon dioxide • Oceans also absorbing greenhouse gases • Greenhouse gases are accumulating in the atmosphere at slightly slower rate than emissions of fossil fu ...
Our Changing Climate
... know it. The primary reason for the current global warming appears to be the increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases include water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone and halocarbons. These gases, especially water vapour, carbon dioxide and methane, trap he ...
... know it. The primary reason for the current global warming appears to be the increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases include water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone and halocarbons. These gases, especially water vapour, carbon dioxide and methane, trap he ...
Word format
... In any case, the aerosol explanation is contradicted by the observed pattern of warming. Roughly 90% of these short-lived aerosols are emitted in the Northern Hemisphere – where most fossil fuels are burned. But most of the warming to date is in the same hemisphere. (Indeed, Australia emits negligib ...
... In any case, the aerosol explanation is contradicted by the observed pattern of warming. Roughly 90% of these short-lived aerosols are emitted in the Northern Hemisphere – where most fossil fuels are burned. But most of the warming to date is in the same hemisphere. (Indeed, Australia emits negligib ...
Ameliorating the effects of climate change: Modifying microclimates
... deciduous forests. If you know where to go, you can visit the remains of large trees with wood so well preserved that it will burn. There are still leaves on the ground. Less than 20,000 years ago Manhattan was under a massive sheet of ice. You can see the evidence in glacial grooves and erratics in ...
... deciduous forests. If you know where to go, you can visit the remains of large trees with wood so well preserved that it will burn. There are still leaves on the ground. Less than 20,000 years ago Manhattan was under a massive sheet of ice. You can see the evidence in glacial grooves and erratics in ...
Coupled Ocean and Atmosphere Climate Dynamics
... • There is substantial evidence that climate is changing: increasing globally averaged temperature, decreasing ice extent, changing precipitation patterns,… • There is also substantial evidence that human activity has increased the levels of ‘greenhouse’ gases in the atmosphere. • There are strong ...
... • There is substantial evidence that climate is changing: increasing globally averaged temperature, decreasing ice extent, changing precipitation patterns,… • There is also substantial evidence that human activity has increased the levels of ‘greenhouse’ gases in the atmosphere. • There are strong ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).