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... Small Island Developing States, are particularly vulnerable (2/CP.11). The Least Developed Countries are among the most vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change and in particular that widespread poverty limits their adaptive capacity (5/CP.7); ...
Click here to read story - The Resource Innovation Group
Click here to read story - The Resource Innovation Group

... Other studies have shown that, when faced with a disaster that involves a significant loss — of home, or property, or life — survivors are often prone to depression and general anxiety. These are consequences that are likely to increase as global warming continues to drive stronger and more extreme ...
public misperceptions of human
public misperceptions of human

... a range of 1.8-5.6 deg. C warming by 2100 for the model outputs that they favoured, but this range can be further varied to even include negative outputs (i.e. cooling) by minor adjustment of some of the model parameters. A second use of computer modelling is in climate attribution studies, whereby ...
To Gulf of Maine Consortium
To Gulf of Maine Consortium

... • Obs. show 10-25 cm. rise since 1900; 1-2 mm/yr. 10X faster than previous 3K yrs. No acceleration detected • Proj. is +11 - 77 cm by 2100; from thermal expansion & melting of ice. USNA*: +19” by 2100 • Regional variations due to wind and atmospheric pressure, ocean density, land motion, currents • ...
Hintergrundinformationen
Hintergrundinformationen

... and adapting to climate change and set up voluntary domestic emission control targets. Developing countries should also enhance South-South cooperation in combating climate change. 4. Developed countries and developing countries should jointly explore the path of low-carbon and sustainable developme ...
Andrew`s review
Andrew`s review

... believe that based on current CO2 emissions by the year 2100 the atmospheric carbon dioxide will rise to about 500PPMV (parts per million by volume)  However, they also feel that not expecting an increase in the emissions of CO2 over the next century is ludicrous, and according to their calculation ...
Comments on “A Unified
Comments on “A Unified

... Most, if not all, of these human influences on regional and global climate will continue to be of concern during the coming decades . . . . In addition to greenhouse gas emissions, other first-order human climate forcings are important to understanding the future behavior of Earth’s climate. These f ...
Universal Earth Science Theory
Universal Earth Science Theory

... Again, a subject described in previous articles and referred to in the after-notes is a credible challenge to the Hubbell Hypothesis of the expanding universe. Include this as additional evidence to the previously mentioned, Theory on Non Expanding Universe. If the Universe is curved and the ‘red sp ...
Climate variability and change - Pacific Climate Change Science
Climate variability and change - Pacific Climate Change Science

... of the warmest years on record have occurred in the last decade. In much of the region, average temperatures have increased by 0.1-0.2°C per decade since 1970. However, the warming has not been consistent everywhere. Since 1970, the areas of greatest warming in the region are mostly located near the ...
HOME LEARNING SUMMER 1 DOC File
HOME LEARNING SUMMER 1 DOC File

...  This may be presented in the home learning book that you have been given, or you may choose to present work in other ways e.g. using ICT, creating a sculpture- be creative with how you present your work.  You will present your home learning project to the rest of the class each half term ...
SAWS Climate change and Response initiatives
SAWS Climate change and Response initiatives

AUSTRALIA
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... Melbourne in 2009 led to 980 deaths, an estimated 62 percent increase above normal fatality levels. Rising temperatures threaten the health of everybody, while those least able to respond will be the most at risk. These include people with existing illnesses such as kidney and heart-related problem ...
Nine Lies About Global Warming
Nine Lies About Global Warming

... This particular lie has done much to damage the credibility of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the IPCC. The IPCC was established under the auspices of the UNEP (United Nations Environment Panel), and the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO). Its brief was to provide an authoritati ...
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2. The Earth, biosphere, climate and Man

... The climate of the Earth is described in terms of the temperature at e.g. the Earths surface, the strength of the winds and ocean currents, the presence of clouds and precipitation, to name a few of its most important features. Weather as we experience it day after day is obviously related to climat ...
Amy Clement - University Corporation for Atmospheric Research
Amy Clement - University Corporation for Atmospheric Research

... pleasure of helping our program grow considerably (both in faculty and students) during those years. I am currently the Director for the graduate program in Meteorology and Physical Oceanography. This program has also grown over the years, and now there are approximately 60 graduate students. My exp ...
Monitoring Trends in Renewable Energy
Monitoring Trends in Renewable Energy

... 7. New technologies with large mitigation potential: Short-lived climate forcers Agriculture, forests, other land use / REDD+ Geoengineering Carbon dioxide capture and storage Nuclear energy. 8. Transformational shifts and the role of the GEF. ...
The science of attributing extreme weather events and its
The science of attributing extreme weather events and its

... picture about what the effects of anthropogenic climate change are on a regional or local level. One of the functions of the Warsaw mechanism is to “enhance knowledge and understanding of comprehensive risk management approaches to address loss and damage associated with the adverse effects of clima ...
CC Activity
CC Activity

... Projected change in average annual precipitation over the period 2071-2099 (compared to the period 1970-1999) under a low scenario that assumes rapid reductions in emissions and concentrations of heat-trapping gasses (RCP 2.6), and a higher scenario that assumes continued increases in emissions (RC ...
Topic 1 – An Introduction to the Climate System and Climate Change
Topic 1 – An Introduction to the Climate System and Climate Change

... Positive feedbacks are changes that increase the warming, while negative feedbacks are changes that decrease the warming. The most important positive feedback is the increase in water vapor with warming. If the Earth warms, more water will be evaporated, and the amount of water vapor in the atmosphe ...
Page 18.indd
Page 18.indd

... Scott Kelly’s recent one-year flight. The two men she flew up with in November — France’s Thomas Pesquet and Russia’s Oleg Novitskiy — will return in June without her. Whitson has already spent more time in space than any other woman, counting all her missions, and just last week set a record for the ...
LIFE presentation
LIFE presentation

... Sweden: Renewable Source of Energy A complete facility for producing a carbon neutral biomass pellet fuel, using an innovative method to convert agricultural residues into a more sustainable fuel and heat energy supply and:  100% reduction of waste from an agricultural seed production ...
(AMS) (2009)
(AMS) (2009)

... Human responsibility for most of the well-documented increase in global average temperatures over the last half century is well established. Further greenhouse gas emissions, particularly of carbon dioxide from the burning of fossil fuels, will almost certainly contribute to additional widespread cl ...
Word document - ACT Government
Word document - ACT Government

... Fact Sheet: ACT State of the Environment Report 2015 also the most ambitious targets in Australia. The ACT Government also has actions plan for achieving these targets. Current projections show that the ACT is on track to achieve its target commitment. Adaptation is well supported politically, and ...
Climate Change 2007
Climate Change 2007

... human and natural drivers of climate change 1, observed climate change, climate processes and attribution, and estimates of projected future climate change. It builds upon past IPCC assessments and incorporates new findings from the past six years of research. Scientific progress since the TAR is ba ...
Beat the Uncertainty
Beat the Uncertainty

... An emphasis on the importance of climate change on agricultural activities and potential responses to climate change implications Information about the roles of forest and mangroves in climate change to reduce erosion, wave strength and the role of coastal wetlands in carbon ...
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Attribution of recent climate change



Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).
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