Specialist Advice and literature review to support the Ad Hoc
... 2. Many of the strategies adopted for societal adaptation, especially those dependent on engineering and technology, can have significant negative impacts on biodiversity, and these will differ between sectors. 3. The components of biodiversity are themselves subject to considerable impacts from cli ...
... 2. Many of the strategies adopted for societal adaptation, especially those dependent on engineering and technology, can have significant negative impacts on biodiversity, and these will differ between sectors. 3. The components of biodiversity are themselves subject to considerable impacts from cli ...
for European Journal of Plant Pathology Manuscript Draft
... eventuality and component, but I believe the authors have addressed most issues as comprehensively and realistically as they can. I think there are a few issues of editing/clarification. Page 2, lines 45-50. I know what you mean, but the sentence is slightly confusing. Crop yields may also be affec ...
... eventuality and component, but I believe the authors have addressed most issues as comprehensively and realistically as they can. I think there are a few issues of editing/clarification. Page 2, lines 45-50. I know what you mean, but the sentence is slightly confusing. Crop yields may also be affec ...
FINAL DRAFT IPCC WGII AR5 Chapter 17 Subject to Final Copyedit
... measures (high confidence). Economic theory and empirical results show that a degree of adaptation will be autonomously carried out by private parties in response to climate change. However the private sector alone will often not provide the desirable level of adaptation with some types of actions n ...
... measures (high confidence). Economic theory and empirical results show that a degree of adaptation will be autonomously carried out by private parties in response to climate change. However the private sector alone will often not provide the desirable level of adaptation with some types of actions n ...
Exploring high-end scenarios for local sea level rise to
... local sea level rise. First, steric sea level changes due to variations in ocean temperature and salinity display large spatial variations. Although in many places local thermosteric changes are the most important (see for example Bindoff et al, 2007, Fig. 5.15b), changes in ocean salinity can give ...
... local sea level rise. First, steric sea level changes due to variations in ocean temperature and salinity display large spatial variations. Although in many places local thermosteric changes are the most important (see for example Bindoff et al, 2007, Fig. 5.15b), changes in ocean salinity can give ...
The anatomy of a climatic oscillation: vegetation change in eastern
... Century-scale climate changes reshaped circulation patterns over the North Atlantic and adjacent regions during the last glacialto-interglacial transition. Here, we show that vegetation across eastern North America shifted dramatically at the beginning and end of the Younger Dryas chronozone (YDC: 1 ...
... Century-scale climate changes reshaped circulation patterns over the North Atlantic and adjacent regions during the last glacialto-interglacial transition. Here, we show that vegetation across eastern North America shifted dramatically at the beginning and end of the Younger Dryas chronozone (YDC: 1 ...
Sociological Perspectives on Global Climate Change
... and consequences of climate change have become increasingly apparent, social scientists have found themselves called on to contribute to the scientific understanding of the role of humans in global climate change. The opportunities for social science at the international climate change table have te ...
... and consequences of climate change have become increasingly apparent, social scientists have found themselves called on to contribute to the scientific understanding of the role of humans in global climate change. The opportunities for social science at the international climate change table have te ...
Adaptive Co-Management for Climate Change Adaptation
... ―now policymakers face a new and challenging set of issues: how to develop strategies for attacking new environmental problems, how to develop better strategies for solving the old ones, and how to do both in ways that are more efficient, less taxing, and engender less political opposition‖ ([1], p. ...
... ―now policymakers face a new and challenging set of issues: how to develop strategies for attacking new environmental problems, how to develop better strategies for solving the old ones, and how to do both in ways that are more efficient, less taxing, and engender less political opposition‖ ([1], p. ...
climate change and food security in southern african cities
... In Southern Africa, an estimated 80% of the population will be living in towns and cities by mid-century, comparable to the projected 2050 figure of 82% for developed countries.2 Meeting the rising demand for food within the context of exponential population growth, sustained urbanization, and clima ...
... In Southern Africa, an estimated 80% of the population will be living in towns and cities by mid-century, comparable to the projected 2050 figure of 82% for developed countries.2 Meeting the rising demand for food within the context of exponential population growth, sustained urbanization, and clima ...
Global Climate Models and Their Limitations
... At the core of a GCM is an AGCM that dynamically simulates the circulation of the atmosphere, including the many processes that regulate energy transport and exchange by and within the atmospheric flow. The basic atmospheric flow is represented by fundamental equations that link the mass distributio ...
... At the core of a GCM is an AGCM that dynamically simulates the circulation of the atmosphere, including the many processes that regulate energy transport and exchange by and within the atmospheric flow. The basic atmospheric flow is represented by fundamental equations that link the mass distributio ...
State of Climate Change Science in the Great Lakes Basin
... • There is a lack of clarity in the understanding of multiple factors (including hydroclimatic factors) influencing water level projections for the Great Lakes. • The diversity of inland lake types and the impacts of climate change on those lakes has not been well characterized. Wetlands • There ...
... • There is a lack of clarity in the understanding of multiple factors (including hydroclimatic factors) influencing water level projections for the Great Lakes. • The diversity of inland lake types and the impacts of climate change on those lakes has not been well characterized. Wetlands • There ...
Protecting Climate Progress - League of Conservation Voters
... Florida, we supported our state ally’s effort to decisively defeat an industry-led anti-solar ballot measure, despite being outspent by tens of millions of dollars. These are not small wins. With momentum in the states, strong public preference for government involvement in combatting climate change ...
... Florida, we supported our state ally’s effort to decisively defeat an industry-led anti-solar ballot measure, despite being outspent by tens of millions of dollars. These are not small wins. With momentum in the states, strong public preference for government involvement in combatting climate change ...
Does climate change create distinctive patterns of
... sediment [e.g., Istanbulluoglu and Bras, 2005]. In addition, changes in temperature or humidity could have a direct effect on the pace of sediment production by influencing physical and/or chemical weathering rates in headwater catchments [e.g., Anderson, 1998; Hales and Roering, 2007; West et al., ...
... sediment [e.g., Istanbulluoglu and Bras, 2005]. In addition, changes in temperature or humidity could have a direct effect on the pace of sediment production by influencing physical and/or chemical weathering rates in headwater catchments [e.g., Anderson, 1998; Hales and Roering, 2007; West et al., ...
Celebrating 20 years of The Montreal Protocol
... Secretary of the Ozone Secretariat It was 1987. The Soviet Union launched the Mir Space Station, the world population reached five billion, Oscar Arias Sanchez won the Nobel Peace Prize and Paul Simon’s ‘Graceland’ was named record of the year. But perhaps the key event occurred in Canada, when the ...
... Secretary of the Ozone Secretariat It was 1987. The Soviet Union launched the Mir Space Station, the world population reached five billion, Oscar Arias Sanchez won the Nobel Peace Prize and Paul Simon’s ‘Graceland’ was named record of the year. But perhaps the key event occurred in Canada, when the ...
Pension Fund Trustees and Climate Change Research report 106
... As the report highlights and government ministers and regulators are increasingly emphasising, this is part of a wider problem of lack of accountability by pension fund trustees for behaviours in the investment supply chain between them as beneficial owners of capital on the one hand and the users o ...
... As the report highlights and government ministers and regulators are increasingly emphasising, this is part of a wider problem of lack of accountability by pension fund trustees for behaviours in the investment supply chain between them as beneficial owners of capital on the one hand and the users o ...
Climate Change curriculum
... 1. The process by which heat transfers from the Sun to the Earth is: (circle one) conduction, convection, or radiation. 2. Identify two ways that human activities are increasing greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. ...
... 1. The process by which heat transfers from the Sun to the Earth is: (circle one) conduction, convection, or radiation. 2. Identify two ways that human activities are increasing greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. ...
‘information barrier’: Comparing perspectives on Unpacking the
... In addition, the 2011 Progress Report of the ICCATF, listed “improving accessibility and coordination of science for decision making” as one of the five key areas where federal adaptation progress has been made (ICCATF, 2011). Given all of these reports of success in the area of providing information ...
... In addition, the 2011 Progress Report of the ICCATF, listed “improving accessibility and coordination of science for decision making” as one of the five key areas where federal adaptation progress has been made (ICCATF, 2011). Given all of these reports of success in the area of providing information ...
Slide 1
... Working together for sustainable economies We thank all 5,000+ companies that disclose through CDP. Our climate change, forests, supply chain and water programs draw on our unique global system, to drive transparency and accountability for business impacts across the earth’s natural capital. www.cd ...
... Working together for sustainable economies We thank all 5,000+ companies that disclose through CDP. Our climate change, forests, supply chain and water programs draw on our unique global system, to drive transparency and accountability for business impacts across the earth’s natural capital. www.cd ...
Water storage change in the Himalayas from the Gravity Recovery
... [8] Permafrost loss, monsoon disruption, sea level rise caused by terrestrial ice loss, and increased earthquakes and landslides once snow and glacier weight is gone are a possible disastrous combination [Xu et al., 2007; Spencer, 2009]. To address such threats, an empirical climate model (ECM) is ...
... [8] Permafrost loss, monsoon disruption, sea level rise caused by terrestrial ice loss, and increased earthquakes and landslides once snow and glacier weight is gone are a possible disastrous combination [Xu et al., 2007; Spencer, 2009]. To address such threats, an empirical climate model (ECM) is ...
The International and Domestic Law of Climate Change
... When the issue of climate change began to attract heightened public attention in the late 1980s, the international community’s first response was to convene a high-level scientific panel, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (“IPCC”). The IPCC, which met for the first time in November 1988, ...
... When the issue of climate change began to attract heightened public attention in the late 1980s, the international community’s first response was to convene a high-level scientific panel, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (“IPCC”). The IPCC, which met for the first time in November 1988, ...
Katsman et al (2011)
... evaluate a country’s flood protection strategy, since local sea level changes can deviate substantially from the global mean. This is illustrated by the fact that over the past 15 years, satellites have measured a global mean sea level rise at a rate of about 3 mm/yr, while over that period, local c ...
... evaluate a country’s flood protection strategy, since local sea level changes can deviate substantially from the global mean. This is illustrated by the fact that over the past 15 years, satellites have measured a global mean sea level rise at a rate of about 3 mm/yr, while over that period, local c ...
Tools and Approaches for Capacity Building for - ClimDev
... future. Climate models help policy and decision makers in understanding the future climate risks and uncertainties, allowing them take measures to address the future economic and social impacts of climate change. Emissions scenarios are models used by scientists that attempt to project future scenar ...
... future. Climate models help policy and decision makers in understanding the future climate risks and uncertainties, allowing them take measures to address the future economic and social impacts of climate change. Emissions scenarios are models used by scientists that attempt to project future scenar ...
Future Climate Change, Sea-level riSe, and OCean aCidiFiCatiOn
... Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report states that for the next few centuries continued warming of the climate system is unequivocal, even if emissions of greenhouse gases are stabilized and that global sea level will continue to rise. Furthermore, as atmospheric CO2 concentrations ...
... Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report states that for the next few centuries continued warming of the climate system is unequivocal, even if emissions of greenhouse gases are stabilized and that global sea level will continue to rise. Furthermore, as atmospheric CO2 concentrations ...
Climate change information for adaptation: Climate trends and
... that the range of projected futures becomes rather large by the end of the century. This is due to uncertainties about future greenhouse gas emissions and the differences in results from various global climate models. However, for many purposes, planning horizons are less than a century and modelled ...
... that the range of projected futures becomes rather large by the end of the century. This is due to uncertainties about future greenhouse gas emissions and the differences in results from various global climate models. However, for many purposes, planning horizons are less than a century and modelled ...
2015 Pennsylvania Climate Impacts Assessment Update
... update analyzes historical and future changes in Pennsylvania’s climate utilizing the new data sets, new statistical techniques, and the most recent suite of global and regional climate model simulations. The findings are largely similar to those of the 2009 Report and 2013 Update. Pennsylvania has ...
... update analyzes historical and future changes in Pennsylvania’s climate utilizing the new data sets, new statistical techniques, and the most recent suite of global and regional climate model simulations. The findings are largely similar to those of the 2009 Report and 2013 Update. Pennsylvania has ...
On Climate Change A Human Health Perspective A Report Outlining the
... from EHP may be reprinted freely; however, News articles may contain photographs or figures copyrighted by commercial organizations or individuals that may not be used without obtaining prior approval from the holder of the copyright. Use of materials published in EHP should be acknowledged (for exa ...
... from EHP may be reprinted freely; however, News articles may contain photographs or figures copyrighted by commercial organizations or individuals that may not be used without obtaining prior approval from the holder of the copyright. Use of materials published in EHP should be acknowledged (for exa ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).