Impacts of Climate Change on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services
... living organisms from all sources including terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part; this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems” (IUCN, 2010). Biodiversity is affected by climate change at different levels fr ...
... living organisms from all sources including terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part; this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems” (IUCN, 2010). Biodiversity is affected by climate change at different levels fr ...
AgriculturAl reseArch in 21st century: chAllenges fAcing the food
... climate change caused by human activity, as opposed to changes in climate that may have resulted as part of Earth’s natural processes (The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. http://unfccc.int/essential_background/convention/background/items/1349. php, 1994). In this sense, especi ...
... climate change caused by human activity, as opposed to changes in climate that may have resulted as part of Earth’s natural processes (The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. http://unfccc.int/essential_background/convention/background/items/1349. php, 1994). In this sense, especi ...
Stratospheric Ozone
... • Other CFCs and HCFCs have ODPs that range from 0.01 to 1.0. The halons have ODPs ranging up to 10. Carbon tetrachloride has an ODP of 1.2, and methyl chloroform's ODP is 0.11. ...
... • Other CFCs and HCFCs have ODPs that range from 0.01 to 1.0. The halons have ODPs ranging up to 10. Carbon tetrachloride has an ODP of 1.2, and methyl chloroform's ODP is 0.11. ...
Biodiversity, climate change, and ecosystem services
... during the past half century. Most rivers have been totally restructured, oceans have been severely altered and depleted, coral reefs are near the tipping point of disappearing as functional ecosystems, over half of the land surface is devoted to livestock and crop agriculture, with little considera ...
... during the past half century. Most rivers have been totally restructured, oceans have been severely altered and depleted, coral reefs are near the tipping point of disappearing as functional ecosystems, over half of the land surface is devoted to livestock and crop agriculture, with little considera ...
Mitigating the Impact of Climate Change through
... carbon-based molecules to the atmosphere in excess of naturally occurring amounts. Carbon molecules, primarily carbon dioxide from burning petroleum products, trap radiant heat and keep it from escaping from the Earth's atmosphere. The resulting warming of the air has continued to change in global c ...
... carbon-based molecules to the atmosphere in excess of naturally occurring amounts. Carbon molecules, primarily carbon dioxide from burning petroleum products, trap radiant heat and keep it from escaping from the Earth's atmosphere. The resulting warming of the air has continued to change in global c ...
Economic Impacts of Climate Change on Ohio
... we look first to these, yet there are many other valuable models used by some of the specialized studies we cite in this report. In addition to looking at data that illustrates the direct economic impacts of climate change, the report also provides examples of the often overlooked ripple economic ef ...
... we look first to these, yet there are many other valuable models used by some of the specialized studies we cite in this report. In addition to looking at data that illustrates the direct economic impacts of climate change, the report also provides examples of the often overlooked ripple economic ef ...
Climate Change and Ecosystem Management
... The identity of many wilderness areas, parks, and other protected areas is tied to and defined by characteristic ecosystems and landscapes. These diverse and distinct biomes, from alpine tundra and boreal forest to sagebrush steppe and native prairie, are the result of a specific set of plant and an ...
... The identity of many wilderness areas, parks, and other protected areas is tied to and defined by characteristic ecosystems and landscapes. These diverse and distinct biomes, from alpine tundra and boreal forest to sagebrush steppe and native prairie, are the result of a specific set of plant and an ...
Getting It ExpErt pErspEctIvEs on thE corporatE rEsponsE to clImatE chanGE
... which the planet should develop. Not all the fine print will be considered in Copenhagen – that can be worked up in 2010, but the direction needs to become clear. The Kyoto Protocol did have some effect on changing corporate behaviour. It wasn’t enough, because we have learnt so much more about the ...
... which the planet should develop. Not all the fine print will be considered in Copenhagen – that can be worked up in 2010, but the direction needs to become clear. The Kyoto Protocol did have some effect on changing corporate behaviour. It wasn’t enough, because we have learnt so much more about the ...
New Zealand`s changing climate and oceans
... for impactful climate change has increased, and multiple lines of evidence continue to point to anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases as the primary driver of global climate change over the last fifty years. Recently published analyses6 indicate that when natural variability (e.g. due to the s ...
... for impactful climate change has increased, and multiple lines of evidence continue to point to anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases as the primary driver of global climate change over the last fifty years. Recently published analyses6 indicate that when natural variability (e.g. due to the s ...
Study guide - Bullfrog Films
... not millions, of years. But the concentrations of these gases have been changing recently as a result of human activity, giving rise to concern that humans may cause the climate to warm dangerously quickly. Since the mid-1700’s, carbon dioxide levels have risen by 25%, and they continue to increase ...
... not millions, of years. But the concentrations of these gases have been changing recently as a result of human activity, giving rise to concern that humans may cause the climate to warm dangerously quickly. Since the mid-1700’s, carbon dioxide levels have risen by 25%, and they continue to increase ...
Teacher Pages
... who understand the intricacies of the world’s ocean currents, to meteorologists, who are adept at deciphering the complex workings of the atmosphere. ...
... who understand the intricacies of the world’s ocean currents, to meteorologists, who are adept at deciphering the complex workings of the atmosphere. ...
4 Climate politics and science in the media
... Figure 4.1 shows some peaks in the media attention. News reports with an undetermined and alarming tenor follow the total line and show a similar pattern of peaks and lows. The sceptical line follows the same pattern but lies slightly lower – thus fewer articles were found with a sceptical view. Whi ...
... Figure 4.1 shows some peaks in the media attention. News reports with an undetermined and alarming tenor follow the total line and show a similar pattern of peaks and lows. The sceptical line follows the same pattern but lies slightly lower – thus fewer articles were found with a sceptical view. Whi ...
UN CLimate Change Conference, Bali Indonesia - VUFO
... Key points of the Kyoto Protocol • Only ‘annex 1’ (developed) parties have commitments to reduce GHG emissions • ‘Commitment period’ from 2008-12 • ‘Non-annex 1’ countries participate through the CDM • Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) produced by CDM projects can be sold and exchanged • Additio ...
... Key points of the Kyoto Protocol • Only ‘annex 1’ (developed) parties have commitments to reduce GHG emissions • ‘Commitment period’ from 2008-12 • ‘Non-annex 1’ countries participate through the CDM • Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) produced by CDM projects can be sold and exchanged • Additio ...
Climate change and groundwater: a short review Geological Society
... because of the anthropogenic release of greenhouse gases from fossil fuels burnt during the last two centuries. The main concern raised by global warming is that climatic variations alter the water cycle; indeed, in many cases, the data show that the hydrological cycle is already being impacted (Dra ...
... because of the anthropogenic release of greenhouse gases from fossil fuels burnt during the last two centuries. The main concern raised by global warming is that climatic variations alter the water cycle; indeed, in many cases, the data show that the hydrological cycle is already being impacted (Dra ...
Beyond long-term averages: making biological sense of a rapidly
... match the scale of ecological responses that are driven by spatial and temporal variability in both climaterelated stressors and the nonclimatic factors with which they interact. While such a statement may seem axiomatic or even “common sense”, it is often strikingly at odds with the way that experi ...
... match the scale of ecological responses that are driven by spatial and temporal variability in both climaterelated stressors and the nonclimatic factors with which they interact. While such a statement may seem axiomatic or even “common sense”, it is often strikingly at odds with the way that experi ...
Impacts of Climate Change on Natural Hazards Profile
... changes in moisture and elevated carbon dioxide levels on the frequency and intensity of fires. While fire frequency is likely to increase across most regions, the fire return period is projected to remain within present ranges. Less certainty surrounds changes to fire frequency in the Riverina Mur ...
... changes in moisture and elevated carbon dioxide levels on the frequency and intensity of fires. While fire frequency is likely to increase across most regions, the fire return period is projected to remain within present ranges. Less certainty surrounds changes to fire frequency in the Riverina Mur ...
summary - Wisconsin Sea Grant - University of Wisconsin–Madison
... Adapting Stormwater Management to Climate Change Ken Potter Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison ...
... Adapting Stormwater Management to Climate Change Ken Potter Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison ...
Solar Changes and the Climate
... In Science, Meehl etal (2009) found that chemicals (ozone) in the stratosphere and sea surface temperatures in the Pacific Ocean respond during solar maximum in a way that amplifies the sun's influence on some aspects of air movement. This can intensify winds and rainfall, change sea surface tempera ...
... In Science, Meehl etal (2009) found that chemicals (ozone) in the stratosphere and sea surface temperatures in the Pacific Ocean respond during solar maximum in a way that amplifies the sun's influence on some aspects of air movement. This can intensify winds and rainfall, change sea surface tempera ...
Endnotes - CSIRO Publishing
... 24. Arblaster JM and Meehl GA (2006) Contributions of external forcings to Southern Annular Mode trends. Journal of Climate 19: 2896–2905. 25. Cai W, Shi G, Cowan T, Bi D and Ribbe J (2005) The response of the Southern Annular Mode, the East Australian Current, and the southern mid-latitude ocean ci ...
... 24. Arblaster JM and Meehl GA (2006) Contributions of external forcings to Southern Annular Mode trends. Journal of Climate 19: 2896–2905. 25. Cai W, Shi G, Cowan T, Bi D and Ribbe J (2005) The response of the Southern Annular Mode, the East Australian Current, and the southern mid-latitude ocean ci ...
Climate Change: Potential Effects on Human Health in New Zealand
... next. However, the term ‘climate change’ refers to a statistically significant variation in either the mean state of the climate or in its variability, persisting for an extended period (typically decades or longer). Climate change may be due to natural processes, or to persistent anthropogenic chan ...
... next. However, the term ‘climate change’ refers to a statistically significant variation in either the mean state of the climate or in its variability, persisting for an extended period (typically decades or longer). Climate change may be due to natural processes, or to persistent anthropogenic chan ...
Vol.12, No.1, 2012
... vulnerable to human-induced ocean acidification. The rate at which aragonite surface concentration decreases in LOVECLIM and MIROC compares well with the rate of decrease recorded over the last 2 to 3 decades at several monitoring sites in the Pacific and the Atlantic. The observed decreases range b ...
... vulnerable to human-induced ocean acidification. The rate at which aragonite surface concentration decreases in LOVECLIM and MIROC compares well with the rate of decrease recorded over the last 2 to 3 decades at several monitoring sites in the Pacific and the Atlantic. The observed decreases range b ...
Fact-Sheet - Hydrology and Energy
... run-off (rounded values). Note that current land use is used in this study for all assessed time periods. Consequently all changes are caused by climate change alone. ...
... run-off (rounded values). Note that current land use is used in this study for all assessed time periods. Consequently all changes are caused by climate change alone. ...
Clima Futura @ VU -- communicating (unconvenient) science
... To give an example of game play, we let the player start in 2007, the year the IPCC10 (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) report was published. In each subsequent round, the player may choose to undertake action. For example, when the player decides to enforce restrictions on CO2 emissions, ...
... To give an example of game play, we let the player start in 2007, the year the IPCC10 (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) report was published. In each subsequent round, the player may choose to undertake action. For example, when the player decides to enforce restrictions on CO2 emissions, ...
Climate Change as a Cultural and Behavioral Issue
... problem with landfills when they actually represent about 1% of the problem; and 130 million believe that hydropower is America's top energy source, when it accounts for just 10% of the total. It is also why very few people understand the leading causes of air and water pollution or how they shou ...
... problem with landfills when they actually represent about 1% of the problem; and 130 million believe that hydropower is America's top energy source, when it accounts for just 10% of the total. It is also why very few people understand the leading causes of air and water pollution or how they shou ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).