File
... Fronts: when 2 air masses meet, the boundary is called a _________________________. A warm front is a boundary between an advancing warm air mass and the cooler one replacing it. Since warm air is less dense, it rises and cools and the moisture it contains is released as rain. A cold front is the le ...
... Fronts: when 2 air masses meet, the boundary is called a _________________________. A warm front is a boundary between an advancing warm air mass and the cooler one replacing it. Since warm air is less dense, it rises and cools and the moisture it contains is released as rain. A cold front is the le ...
Evidence for intensification of the global water cycle: Review and
... It is now well established that surface air temperatures and precipitation over land have increased during the 20th century (Folland et al., 2001). Results from recent simulations using one of about 20 coupled ocean–atmosphere–land models based on the IS92A mid-range emission scenario indicate that ...
... It is now well established that surface air temperatures and precipitation over land have increased during the 20th century (Folland et al., 2001). Results from recent simulations using one of about 20 coupled ocean–atmosphere–land models based on the IS92A mid-range emission scenario indicate that ...
CLIMATIC FLUCTUATIONS SINCE THE LITTLE ICE AGE— SHORT
... SHORT-TERM CLIMATE CYCLES The global climate has warmed progressively since the LIA, but not at a constant rate. Oscillations between warm and cool periods have occurred in a fairly regular fashion about every 25-35 years (Figure 7). Global temperatures have risen about 1° F per century since the co ...
... SHORT-TERM CLIMATE CYCLES The global climate has warmed progressively since the LIA, but not at a constant rate. Oscillations between warm and cool periods have occurred in a fairly regular fashion about every 25-35 years (Figure 7). Global temperatures have risen about 1° F per century since the co ...
Effect of climatic changes on the prevalence of zoonotic diseases
... atmosphere. These climate changes have tremendous effect on prevalence of zoonotic diseases. The changes in climate may increase the insect vectors, prolong transmission cycles or increase the importation of vectors or animal reservoirs. It may also have an adverse effect on biodiversity, distributi ...
... atmosphere. These climate changes have tremendous effect on prevalence of zoonotic diseases. The changes in climate may increase the insect vectors, prolong transmission cycles or increase the importation of vectors or animal reservoirs. It may also have an adverse effect on biodiversity, distributi ...
CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS Atmosphere Climate Change Core
... including economies in transition, to aim to return emissions of CO2 and other GHGs not controlled by the Montreal Protocol to their 1990 levels by 2000. This was achieved: in 2000, GHG emissions from Annex I Parties were about 6 per cent below the 1990 level. The Kyoto Protocol sets individual emi ...
... including economies in transition, to aim to return emissions of CO2 and other GHGs not controlled by the Montreal Protocol to their 1990 levels by 2000. This was achieved: in 2000, GHG emissions from Annex I Parties were about 6 per cent below the 1990 level. The Kyoto Protocol sets individual emi ...
East Africa
... negative shape parameter j and the resulting finite return level for infinite return times are, in fact, positive. The finite upper bound of dry extremes is therefore not a concern in this study. ...
... negative shape parameter j and the resulting finite return level for infinite return times are, in fact, positive. The finite upper bound of dry extremes is therefore not a concern in this study. ...
Rapid climate change in the ocean west of the Antarctic Peninsula
... trends as surface-induced responses to atmospheric and cryospheric changes. Other possible theories, such as enhanced upwelling of underlying warmer waters, do not explain the observations, in particular the surface intensification of the trends. The pattern of response is consistent with a trend to ...
... trends as surface-induced responses to atmospheric and cryospheric changes. Other possible theories, such as enhanced upwelling of underlying warmer waters, do not explain the observations, in particular the surface intensification of the trends. The pattern of response is consistent with a trend to ...
Disparity in elevational shifts of European trees in
... carried only tens of metres. Thus, factors like species interactions and dispersal and colonization capacities together with local environmental heterogeneity can profoundly influence the potential elevational or latitudinal shift in response to global warming. In this study, we investigated the dif ...
... carried only tens of metres. Thus, factors like species interactions and dispersal and colonization capacities together with local environmental heterogeneity can profoundly influence the potential elevational or latitudinal shift in response to global warming. In this study, we investigated the dif ...
Inadequacies and criticisms of the Intergovernmental Panel on
... The IPCC has provided nothing of the sort, but rather has a predisposition towards that conclusion built into its terms of reference. Indeed, despite the overwhelming public assumption regarding human causation, in its most recent report the IPCC stated (2001, p. 97) that: "The fact that the global ...
... The IPCC has provided nothing of the sort, but rather has a predisposition towards that conclusion built into its terms of reference. Indeed, despite the overwhelming public assumption regarding human causation, in its most recent report the IPCC stated (2001, p. 97) that: "The fact that the global ...
IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON LARGE SCALE OCEAN
... In the Atlantic at 25°N (roughly between the Canaries and the Bahamas) there is a northward transport of heat of 1.3 PW (1 PW is 10 to the power 15 Watts, which is roughly the same as the power output from one million power stations). The heat transport is a balance of the northward flow of a warm ...
... In the Atlantic at 25°N (roughly between the Canaries and the Bahamas) there is a northward transport of heat of 1.3 PW (1 PW is 10 to the power 15 Watts, which is roughly the same as the power output from one million power stations). The heat transport is a balance of the northward flow of a warm ...
Vol.11, No.2, 2011
... somewhat shorter than observed (24 months vs the observed 27 – 28 months). The simulated oscillation, however, is more regular than that observed, the period of almost every cycle locking on to exactly two years. The MIROC was then run with SSTs and CO2 values expected for the late 21st century (Fig ...
... somewhat shorter than observed (24 months vs the observed 27 – 28 months). The simulated oscillation, however, is more regular than that observed, the period of almost every cycle locking on to exactly two years. The MIROC was then run with SSTs and CO2 values expected for the late 21st century (Fig ...
How to read a Climate-Fact-Sheet
... It is not possible on the basis of climate projections from several models to state a concrete value for future climate change in a specific region. However, it is possible to indicate a range of possible developments. In addition to the natural variability of a complex climatic system, the reason f ...
... It is not possible on the basis of climate projections from several models to state a concrete value for future climate change in a specific region. However, it is possible to indicate a range of possible developments. In addition to the natural variability of a complex climatic system, the reason f ...
May, 2008 - India Environment Portal
... benefit harms others. Perhaps at the moment we cannot help it, and in the past we did not realize we were doing it. But the elementary moral principle I mentioned tells us we should try to stop doing it and compensate the people we harm. This same principle also tells us that what we should do about ...
... benefit harms others. Perhaps at the moment we cannot help it, and in the past we did not realize we were doing it. But the elementary moral principle I mentioned tells us we should try to stop doing it and compensate the people we harm. This same principle also tells us that what we should do about ...
Worksheets on Climate Change: The threat to tropical rainforests
... emission targets of the Kyoto Protocol or the European emissions trade are taken into account. First, there will be less climate protection in other areas such as renewable energies and energy efficiency. However these are urgently needed for the required transformation of worldwide energy systems. ...
... emission targets of the Kyoto Protocol or the European emissions trade are taken into account. First, there will be less climate protection in other areas such as renewable energies and energy efficiency. However these are urgently needed for the required transformation of worldwide energy systems. ...
global climate change
... studies in the last couple of years. Here is what I want you to do: • You’ll get into a group of 5-6. • You don’t have to read all of the articles, pick 3 that you’d like to have a closer look at. • Read each one together, discuss to make sure everyone in the group understands the study, then make a ...
... studies in the last couple of years. Here is what I want you to do: • You’ll get into a group of 5-6. • You don’t have to read all of the articles, pick 3 that you’d like to have a closer look at. • Read each one together, discuss to make sure everyone in the group understands the study, then make a ...
Air hygiene and management
... long-term adverse health effects. • Concentrations of many VOCs are consistently higher indoors (up to ten times higher) than outdoors. VOCs are emitted by a wide array of products numbering in the thousands. • Examples include: paints and lacquers, paint strippers, cleaning supplies, pesticides, bu ...
... long-term adverse health effects. • Concentrations of many VOCs are consistently higher indoors (up to ten times higher) than outdoors. VOCs are emitted by a wide array of products numbering in the thousands. • Examples include: paints and lacquers, paint strippers, cleaning supplies, pesticides, bu ...
Air hygiene and management
... long-term adverse health effects. • Concentrations of many VOCs are consistently higher indoors (up to ten times higher) than outdoors. VOCs are emitted by a wide array of products numbering in the thousands. • Examples include: paints and lacquers, paint strippers, cleaning supplies, pesticides, bu ...
... long-term adverse health effects. • Concentrations of many VOCs are consistently higher indoors (up to ten times higher) than outdoors. VOCs are emitted by a wide array of products numbering in the thousands. • Examples include: paints and lacquers, paint strippers, cleaning supplies, pesticides, bu ...
Climate Change and Fairtrade
... Climate Change and Fairtrade: Why Is It Time to Make the Links? Climate change is not fair. In fact, developing countries have contributed the least to this growing problem and are currently the most affected. Farmers from developing countries are increasingly showing their concern as they are more ...
... Climate Change and Fairtrade: Why Is It Time to Make the Links? Climate change is not fair. In fact, developing countries have contributed the least to this growing problem and are currently the most affected. Farmers from developing countries are increasingly showing their concern as they are more ...
Birmingham`s Climate Portfolio
... A significant weather event can be broadly defined as ‘an event that is rare within its statistical reference distribution at a particular place,’ (IPCC, 2007). The definition of a significant weather event will vary from place to place and can be defined by magnitude, rarity, return period, impact ...
... A significant weather event can be broadly defined as ‘an event that is rare within its statistical reference distribution at a particular place,’ (IPCC, 2007). The definition of a significant weather event will vary from place to place and can be defined by magnitude, rarity, return period, impact ...
Integration of Ocean Observations into an Ecosystem Approach to
... Predators), POST (Pacific Ocean Shelf Tracking ), OTN (Ocean Tracking Networks), acoustics combined with fine-scale hydrography (e.g. Moving Vessel Profiler). Extends complexity of models. ...
... Predators), POST (Pacific Ocean Shelf Tracking ), OTN (Ocean Tracking Networks), acoustics combined with fine-scale hydrography (e.g. Moving Vessel Profiler). Extends complexity of models. ...
The Greatest Challenge of Global Climate Change: An Inconvenient
... Sea Level Rise The ocean levels rose at an average rate of around 1.7 mm per year from 1950–2009 and at a rate of about 3.3 mm per year from 1993–2009 (Nicholls & Cazenave, 2010), an increase over earlier estimates (Church et al., 2001; Church et al. 2011). Sea level is currently rising as a result ...
... Sea Level Rise The ocean levels rose at an average rate of around 1.7 mm per year from 1950–2009 and at a rate of about 3.3 mm per year from 1993–2009 (Nicholls & Cazenave, 2010), an increase over earlier estimates (Church et al., 2001; Church et al. 2011). Sea level is currently rising as a result ...
07_04_Ramsay-STAR
... consider both waves and water levels – how they interact – and the effects of climate change on these drivers and interactions – it is so much more than just mean sea-level rise!! ...
... consider both waves and water levels – how they interact – and the effects of climate change on these drivers and interactions – it is so much more than just mean sea-level rise!! ...
Oxfam-Diamond Valley Newsletter April 2016
... a path to reach zero emissions as soon as possible, in line with global efforts to limit warming to 1.5C, and providing greater support to vulnerable countries with adapting to the impacts of climate change. “The devastation caused by this El Nino shows why rich countries need to provide support now ...
... a path to reach zero emissions as soon as possible, in line with global efforts to limit warming to 1.5C, and providing greater support to vulnerable countries with adapting to the impacts of climate change. “The devastation caused by this El Nino shows why rich countries need to provide support now ...
Technologies for adaptation to climate change impacts on
... 3. Identification of technologies from the Ghanaian perspective 4. Other options of Adaptation technologies 5. The decision making process 6. Conclusion ...
... 3. Identification of technologies from the Ghanaian perspective 4. Other options of Adaptation technologies 5. The decision making process 6. Conclusion ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).