Stratospheric sulfur injection on terrestrial autotroph productivity
... radiation (Desonie). Cyclic changes between glacial periods and interglacial periods are observed on a geological time frame. A significant concern of modern times is that the growing human population has induced global climate change through the liberation of copious amounts of anthropogenic greenh ...
... radiation (Desonie). Cyclic changes between glacial periods and interglacial periods are observed on a geological time frame. A significant concern of modern times is that the growing human population has induced global climate change through the liberation of copious amounts of anthropogenic greenh ...
GSK Public policy positions
... – GSK acknowledges that human activity related to the production and consumption of fossil fuels, primarily for the purpose of producing energy, results in the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs). We believe sufficient evidence exists that these gases are contributing to changes to the climate syste ...
... – GSK acknowledges that human activity related to the production and consumption of fossil fuels, primarily for the purpose of producing energy, results in the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs). We believe sufficient evidence exists that these gases are contributing to changes to the climate syste ...
Regional climate model data used within the SWURVE project
... differences (Covey et al., 2003; Grotch and MacCracken, 1991; Lambert and Boer, 2001; Räisänen, 1997, 2001, 2002). Furthermore, when a GCM is combined with a regional climate model (RCM), systematic errors may be added as the climate of the RCM is affected by model resolution, numerical scheme and p ...
... differences (Covey et al., 2003; Grotch and MacCracken, 1991; Lambert and Boer, 2001; Räisänen, 1997, 2001, 2002). Furthermore, when a GCM is combined with a regional climate model (RCM), systematic errors may be added as the climate of the RCM is affected by model resolution, numerical scheme and p ...
Physiological effects of climate warming on
... weakened and strengthened, even without the gain or loss of species or temporal overlap. Future research that addresses not only how plant and pollinator physiology are affected by warming but also how responses scale up to affect interactions and networks should allow us to better understand and pr ...
... weakened and strengthened, even without the gain or loss of species or temporal overlap. Future research that addresses not only how plant and pollinator physiology are affected by warming but also how responses scale up to affect interactions and networks should allow us to better understand and pr ...
Introduction - Department of Meteorology and Climate Science
... Clouds are formed when air containing water vapor is cooled below a critical temperature called the dew point and the resulting moisture condenses into droplets on microscopic dust particles (condensation nuclei) in the atmosphere. ...
... Clouds are formed when air containing water vapor is cooled below a critical temperature called the dew point and the resulting moisture condenses into droplets on microscopic dust particles (condensation nuclei) in the atmosphere. ...
Sun
... luminosity can account for 52% of the change in temperatures from 1910 to 1960 but just 31% of the change from 1970 to 1999. N. Scafetta and B. J. West of Duke University, in “Phenomenological Solar Signature in 400 years of Reconstructed Northern Hemisphere Temperature Record” (GRL 2006 and b0) sho ...
... luminosity can account for 52% of the change in temperatures from 1910 to 1960 but just 31% of the change from 1970 to 1999. N. Scafetta and B. J. West of Duke University, in “Phenomenological Solar Signature in 400 years of Reconstructed Northern Hemisphere Temperature Record” (GRL 2006 and b0) sho ...
Climate change - The Open University
... effect As a dam built across a river causes a local deepening of the stream, so our atmosphere, thrown as a barrier across the terrestrial rays, produces a local heightening of the temperature at the Earth's surface. (Tyndall, 1862, quoted in Weart, 2004) Thus, writing in 1862, John Tyndall (Figure ...
... effect As a dam built across a river causes a local deepening of the stream, so our atmosphere, thrown as a barrier across the terrestrial rays, produces a local heightening of the temperature at the Earth's surface. (Tyndall, 1862, quoted in Weart, 2004) Thus, writing in 1862, John Tyndall (Figure ...
Attribution of extreme weather and climate
... report (AR5) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concluded that ‘human influence on the climate system is clear’ and that ‘changes in many extreme weather and climate events have been observed since about 1950’.1 Societies around the world are faced with increasing climate change ...
... report (AR5) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concluded that ‘human influence on the climate system is clear’ and that ‘changes in many extreme weather and climate events have been observed since about 1950’.1 Societies around the world are faced with increasing climate change ...
Climate finance briefing: the global climate finance architecture
... Climate finance Climate finance refers to the financial resources mobilised to help developing countries mitigate and adapt to the impacts of climate change, including public climate finance commitments by developed countries under the UNFCCC, although a definition of the term “climate finance” is y ...
... Climate finance Climate finance refers to the financial resources mobilised to help developing countries mitigate and adapt to the impacts of climate change, including public climate finance commitments by developed countries under the UNFCCC, although a definition of the term “climate finance” is y ...
Carbon Finance: Emerging Opportunities for for Biosphere
... PDD preparation planned to be finished end of 2012 Good chances of success: REDD+ is complementary with sustainable management of the forest for coffee production and conservation in core areas In April 2011, ECFF organized a training workshop on “Carbon assessment in different land uses for REED+ p ...
... PDD preparation planned to be finished end of 2012 Good chances of success: REDD+ is complementary with sustainable management of the forest for coffee production and conservation in core areas In April 2011, ECFF organized a training workshop on “Carbon assessment in different land uses for REED+ p ...
Seasonal and spatial heterogeneity of recent sea surface
... were significant in most of the study area (Fig. 3F) with an average of 0.33 °C decade1 (Fig. 3E). A much decreased, non-significant summer warming was observed in the upwelling areas of Yucatan and the southern Caribbean Sea, as well as in the Lake Maracaibo (Venezuela) and the eastern Florida shelf ...
... were significant in most of the study area (Fig. 3F) with an average of 0.33 °C decade1 (Fig. 3E). A much decreased, non-significant summer warming was observed in the upwelling areas of Yucatan and the southern Caribbean Sea, as well as in the Lake Maracaibo (Venezuela) and the eastern Florida shelf ...
Investigating climate change vulnerability and planning for adaptation
... Examination of long-term temperature records from the Lwiro Research Station in the Democratic Republic of Congo indicated a warming trend of +2.1 oC over 53 years which exceeds that reported elsewhere in eastern Africa [14]. Modeling projected a region-wide thermal increase of 3.6 oC by 2090 relati ...
... Examination of long-term temperature records from the Lwiro Research Station in the Democratic Republic of Congo indicated a warming trend of +2.1 oC over 53 years which exceeds that reported elsewhere in eastern Africa [14]. Modeling projected a region-wide thermal increase of 3.6 oC by 2090 relati ...
Climate Change and its Effects on Ecosystems, Habitats and Biota
... Gulf of Maine waters (Greene et al. 2008). One of the main reasons for this is the melting of Arctic sea ice. This melting will increase the global input of freshwater resulting in changes in salinity and circulation in the ocean system. Sea ice extent (the area of the ocean covered by at least 15% ...
... Gulf of Maine waters (Greene et al. 2008). One of the main reasons for this is the melting of Arctic sea ice. This melting will increase the global input of freshwater resulting in changes in salinity and circulation in the ocean system. Sea ice extent (the area of the ocean covered by at least 15% ...
CLIMATIC CHANGE IN MOUNTAIN REGIONS: A REVIEW OF
... and, as a result, the controls of topography on precipitation are not adequately represented. In addition, it has been recognized more recently that the superimposed effects of natural modes of climatic variability such as El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) or the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) c ...
... and, as a result, the controls of topography on precipitation are not adequately represented. In addition, it has been recognized more recently that the superimposed effects of natural modes of climatic variability such as El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) or the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) c ...
Effects of Climate Warming, North Atlantic Oscillation, and
... ambient meteorological conditions on the biota of lakes are also well described. For example, the timing, composition, and intensity of the phytoplankton spring bloom in temperate lakes are tightly coupled to solar radiation, water temperature, and wind-induced turbulence[3,4]. Temperature, in parti ...
... ambient meteorological conditions on the biota of lakes are also well described. For example, the timing, composition, and intensity of the phytoplankton spring bloom in temperate lakes are tightly coupled to solar radiation, water temperature, and wind-induced turbulence[3,4]. Temperature, in parti ...
CONVENTION ON - the Economics Web Institute
... ecosystem management measures that make best use of related climate change mitigation opportunities, and make this information openly available, such as to assist with integrated land-use planning; ...
... ecosystem management measures that make best use of related climate change mitigation opportunities, and make this information openly available, such as to assist with integrated land-use planning; ...
Evaluating Climate Visualization
... ample [17, 16, 11]. Using information visualization techniques within climate visualization is today receiving increasing attention but discussions on how to perform scientific evaluations of these tools are not as prominent. The information visualization community has today recognized the importanc ...
... ample [17, 16, 11]. Using information visualization techniques within climate visualization is today receiving increasing attention but discussions on how to perform scientific evaluations of these tools are not as prominent. The information visualization community has today recognized the importanc ...
Projected climate change impacts on forest land cover and land use
... As the potential magnitude of anthropogenically driven climate change becomes clearer (IPCC 2014), it is becoming more important to incorporate impacts of projected climate change into forest planning efforts (Spies et al. 2010). Notable impacts of climate change on forests will include alteration o ...
... As the potential magnitude of anthropogenically driven climate change becomes clearer (IPCC 2014), it is becoming more important to incorporate impacts of projected climate change into forest planning efforts (Spies et al. 2010). Notable impacts of climate change on forests will include alteration o ...
Impact of Climate Change on the Coastal Areas of
... CFCs trap heat radiating from the earth’s surface These GHGs prevent the heat from immediately escaping into space. The part of the atmosphere that is closest to the earth’s surface warms, resulting in Global Warming. ...
... CFCs trap heat radiating from the earth’s surface These GHGs prevent the heat from immediately escaping into space. The part of the atmosphere that is closest to the earth’s surface warms, resulting in Global Warming. ...
Evolutionary response of the egg hatching date of LETTERS *
... hence photoperiod, was thus kept constant. This also coincided with the main emergence peak of adults each year, thus avoiding the use of relatively very early or late individuals that might (conditionally or genetically) form a different, non-random subset of the population between years. Our findi ...
... hence photoperiod, was thus kept constant. This also coincided with the main emergence peak of adults each year, thus avoiding the use of relatively very early or late individuals that might (conditionally or genetically) form a different, non-random subset of the population between years. Our findi ...
Polar Bears and Climate Change
... ice declines have been linked to reduced body condition and stature, altered feeding and movement patterns, reduced survival, and population declines in Polar Bears. Based upon projected future sea ice losses, a US Geological Survey (USGS) research team concluded in 2007 that twothirds of the world’ ...
... ice declines have been linked to reduced body condition and stature, altered feeding and movement patterns, reduced survival, and population declines in Polar Bears. Based upon projected future sea ice losses, a US Geological Survey (USGS) research team concluded in 2007 that twothirds of the world’ ...
Rising Temperatures and Rising Seas
... from burning fossil fuels and 1.5 billion tons from deforestation. The current annual rise is nearly four times what it was in the 1950s, largely because of increased emissions from burning fossil fuels. As more CO2 accumulates in the atmosphere, temperatures go up.8 Against this backdrop of record ...
... from burning fossil fuels and 1.5 billion tons from deforestation. The current annual rise is nearly four times what it was in the 1950s, largely because of increased emissions from burning fossil fuels. As more CO2 accumulates in the atmosphere, temperatures go up.8 Against this backdrop of record ...
PDF
... has a long production cycle and is influenced by a large number of endogenous and exogenous precarious factors (Just and Pope 1979; Kumbhakar and Tsionas 2008; Meyer and Yu 2013). The existing climate conditions for instance are crucial sources of unpredictability because factors such as temperature ...
... has a long production cycle and is influenced by a large number of endogenous and exogenous precarious factors (Just and Pope 1979; Kumbhakar and Tsionas 2008; Meyer and Yu 2013). The existing climate conditions for instance are crucial sources of unpredictability because factors such as temperature ...
Future deforestation in the Amazon and consequences
... (Albani et al., 2006; Moorcroft, 2006). This is achieved by tracking the dynamic finescale horizontal spatial variation in the distribution of resource environments within each grid cell caused by natural and human disturbance events. Specifically, the model tracks the evolving landscape age structu ...
... (Albani et al., 2006; Moorcroft, 2006). This is achieved by tracking the dynamic finescale horizontal spatial variation in the distribution of resource environments within each grid cell caused by natural and human disturbance events. Specifically, the model tracks the evolving landscape age structu ...
Frequency of wet and dry soil conditions in Tasmanian beef and
... Climate is an important driver of pasture production and the intra-annual variability in climate results in different patterns of pasture production which needs to be managed to meet feed demands on extensive livestock farm systems (beef and sheep farms). In recent decades, south eastern Australia h ...
... Climate is an important driver of pasture production and the intra-annual variability in climate results in different patterns of pasture production which needs to be managed to meet feed demands on extensive livestock farm systems (beef and sheep farms). In recent decades, south eastern Australia h ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).