- White Rose Research Online
... the African region 5−15 oN) may be small. However the results also show an increase ...
... the African region 5−15 oN) may be small. However the results also show an increase ...
The Climate Public Expenditure and Institutional Review (CPEIR
... understanding of environmental governance in developing countries (Swanson and Lunde, 2003; Lawson and Bird, 2008). This body of work parallels the present exercise, as environmental concerns are cross-cutting in nature rather than being limited to any one sector. Box 1 highlights some of the major ...
... understanding of environmental governance in developing countries (Swanson and Lunde, 2003; Lawson and Bird, 2008). This body of work parallels the present exercise, as environmental concerns are cross-cutting in nature rather than being limited to any one sector. Box 1 highlights some of the major ...
2015 End-user workshop report (1.4 MB, pdf)
... increasing temperature will decrease snow depths. Moreover, with high flows there comes an increased risk of flooding in the region in the future. The CORDEX project generates a number of key conclusions about climate change impacts in the Uttarakhand region where most workshop participants are acti ...
... increasing temperature will decrease snow depths. Moreover, with high flows there comes an increased risk of flooding in the region in the future. The CORDEX project generates a number of key conclusions about climate change impacts in the Uttarakhand region where most workshop participants are acti ...
53 CHAPTER 5. THE UNBUILT ENVIRONMENT
... Theagricultureandforestrysectorsalsocanhelpmitigatefurtherclimatechangeandmayoffer opportunities for tapping into carbon finance. Forests, which play a critical role in absorbing carbon dioxide emissions, are cut in order to clear land for farming. Globally, ...
... Theagricultureandforestrysectorsalsocanhelpmitigatefurtherclimatechangeandmayoffer opportunities for tapping into carbon finance. Forests, which play a critical role in absorbing carbon dioxide emissions, are cut in order to clear land for farming. Globally, ...
the pdf
... In many low-income nations, most rural and urban households do not have electricity – and thus also lack household appliances that use electricity (which is often generated with fossil-fuelled power stations). For instance, in more than 15 countries, less than 10 per cent of the rural population and ...
... In many low-income nations, most rural and urban households do not have electricity – and thus also lack household appliances that use electricity (which is often generated with fossil-fuelled power stations). For instance, in more than 15 countries, less than 10 per cent of the rural population and ...
Global Change Science and Pedagogy
... issue of global climate change, the course introduces the field of Earth system science as well as scientific methods and analytical techniques useful in science teaching and research. In this course, we look at global change over different time scales, and examine forces of global change and case s ...
... issue of global climate change, the course introduces the field of Earth system science as well as scientific methods and analytical techniques useful in science teaching and research. In this course, we look at global change over different time scales, and examine forces of global change and case s ...
Emerging responses to climate change in pastoral systems
... change. It identified a wide range of technical and institutional innovations that pastoralists developed to adapt to new conditions, while seeking food security, sustainable resource management and improved governance within their socio-political units. Many of these innovations are related to main ...
... change. It identified a wide range of technical and institutional innovations that pastoralists developed to adapt to new conditions, while seeking food security, sustainable resource management and improved governance within their socio-political units. Many of these innovations are related to main ...
This paper - Brookings Institution
... Because of the high levels of conflict and distrust in national politics in recent decades, committing to policy choices in the United States has become quite difficult. On the other hand, for now the nation’s rule of law and governance capacities both remain fairly healthy. If Congress provided new ...
... Because of the high levels of conflict and distrust in national politics in recent decades, committing to policy choices in the United States has become quite difficult. On the other hand, for now the nation’s rule of law and governance capacities both remain fairly healthy. If Congress provided new ...
CCWG - Vietnam Climate Finance Options
... climate occurs because of internal changes within the climate system or in the interaction between its components, or because of changes in external forcing either for natural reasons or because of human activities. It is generally not possible clearly to make attribution between these causes. Proje ...
... climate occurs because of internal changes within the climate system or in the interaction between its components, or because of changes in external forcing either for natural reasons or because of human activities. It is generally not possible clearly to make attribution between these causes. Proje ...
univERsity oF copEnhAGEn
... part of the world. This representation is not, however, an exact replica of the system that the model represents instead the model represents only certain aspects of the system while ignoring others. Many representational models are analogue models which are based on certain similarities or analog ...
... part of the world. This representation is not, however, an exact replica of the system that the model represents instead the model represents only certain aspects of the system while ignoring others. Many representational models are analogue models which are based on certain similarities or analog ...
Underwater: The Need for Massachusetts to Become Climate Ready
... flood. However, after the committee released a report in 2011, the momentum has slowed and there has been little activity. Even in light of Hurricane Sandy, which resulted in a State of Emergency for Massachusetts and caused billions of dollars of damage in the neighboring states of New Jersey and N ...
... flood. However, after the committee released a report in 2011, the momentum has slowed and there has been little activity. Even in light of Hurricane Sandy, which resulted in a State of Emergency for Massachusetts and caused billions of dollars of damage in the neighboring states of New Jersey and N ...
From Mars and Venus Down to Earth: Understanding the
... Europe has backed binding targets, more direct regulation, and supported the idea that mitigation should begin with the advanced, industrialized countries (see Oberthür and Ott, in this volume). From the very beginning of the UNFCCC process, the debates about climate change within Europe and the US ...
... Europe has backed binding targets, more direct regulation, and supported the idea that mitigation should begin with the advanced, industrialized countries (see Oberthür and Ott, in this volume). From the very beginning of the UNFCCC process, the debates about climate change within Europe and the US ...
Attributing regional trends of evapotranspiration and gross primary
... change, terrestrial eco-hydrological processes have been noticeably shifted on multiple spatiotemporal scales (Tian et al., 2011; Douville et al., 2013); for example, prevailing irrigation and application of chemical fertilizers have raised soil ...
... change, terrestrial eco-hydrological processes have been noticeably shifted on multiple spatiotemporal scales (Tian et al., 2011; Douville et al., 2013); for example, prevailing irrigation and application of chemical fertilizers have raised soil ...
West Dunbartonshire Council Climate Change Strategy `Tackling
... greater drop in emissions nationally than at a local level from 2008 to 2009. The low footprint in West Dunbartonshire may be influenced by low levels of car ownership in the area and pockets of deprivation meaning residents consume less that in other areas of high affluence. The global downturn wil ...
... greater drop in emissions nationally than at a local level from 2008 to 2009. The low footprint in West Dunbartonshire may be influenced by low levels of car ownership in the area and pockets of deprivation meaning residents consume less that in other areas of high affluence. The global downturn wil ...
Peak energy and climate change: the double bind
... The strategy was to divert part of the wealth generated by economic growth to repair the worst effects of pollution. Alas, this did not address the fundamental problem: exponential growth generates emissions that cannot be absorbed by finite environmental sinks. The chicken is now coming home to roos ...
... The strategy was to divert part of the wealth generated by economic growth to repair the worst effects of pollution. Alas, this did not address the fundamental problem: exponential growth generates emissions that cannot be absorbed by finite environmental sinks. The chicken is now coming home to roos ...
Hydrology - Tufts University School of Engineering
... system can be assumed to emit radiative energy as a blackbody with an equivalent mean effective radiative temperature of approximately -18°C. The atmosphere is generally cooler than the Earth's surface, however, the latter having a global mean value of approximately 15°C. The difference between the ...
... system can be assumed to emit radiative energy as a blackbody with an equivalent mean effective radiative temperature of approximately -18°C. The atmosphere is generally cooler than the Earth's surface, however, the latter having a global mean value of approximately 15°C. The difference between the ...
Fairness on the Day after Tomorrow: Justice, Reciprocity and Global
... the atmosphere since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution is starting to have a range of impacts on the quality of human life, and will continue to do so for many centuries. Evidence collected by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) shows that there is no longer any reasonable ...
... the atmosphere since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution is starting to have a range of impacts on the quality of human life, and will continue to do so for many centuries. Evidence collected by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) shows that there is no longer any reasonable ...
Newsletter of the Atmospheric Sciences Section
... http://climate.envsci.rutgers.edu/Cuba/ The other most significant accomplishment is my contribution to the understanding of the effects of volcanic eruptions on climate, including the winter warming phenomenon. These results are summarized in my most highly cited paper, Robock [2000], and since the ...
... http://climate.envsci.rutgers.edu/Cuba/ The other most significant accomplishment is my contribution to the understanding of the effects of volcanic eruptions on climate, including the winter warming phenomenon. These results are summarized in my most highly cited paper, Robock [2000], and since the ...
BCS331 Module 10
... These changes come when the region is trying to find ways to ensure the sustainability of northern communities. To be sustainable these communities must develop in a way that “meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs” (Brundtland C ...
... These changes come when the region is trying to find ways to ensure the sustainability of northern communities. To be sustainable these communities must develop in a way that “meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs” (Brundtland C ...
Ecological and Evolutionary Responses to Recent Climate Change
... agriculture: Planting and harvest dates (and associated climatic events such as day of last frost) have been well recorded, dating back hundreds of years for some crops. But the plethora of records also stems from the strong sociological significance of the change of the seasons, particularly in high ...
... agriculture: Planting and harvest dates (and associated climatic events such as day of last frost) have been well recorded, dating back hundreds of years for some crops. But the plethora of records also stems from the strong sociological significance of the change of the seasons, particularly in high ...
climate change adaptation - India Environment Portal | News
... adaptive capacity be defined clearly due to lacunae in definitions and contests over meaning. Vulnerability is the risk of a negative outcome, such as hunger, famine, dislocation, or economic loss (Ribot 2010). Vulnerability often has multiple causes; it is important to identify the socio- political ...
... adaptive capacity be defined clearly due to lacunae in definitions and contests over meaning. Vulnerability is the risk of a negative outcome, such as hunger, famine, dislocation, or economic loss (Ribot 2010). Vulnerability often has multiple causes; it is important to identify the socio- political ...
GSK Public policy positions
... – GSK acknowledges that human activity related to the production and consumption of fossil fuels, primarily for the purpose of producing energy, results in the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs). We believe sufficient evidence exists that these gases are contributing to changes to the climate syste ...
... – GSK acknowledges that human activity related to the production and consumption of fossil fuels, primarily for the purpose of producing energy, results in the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs). We believe sufficient evidence exists that these gases are contributing to changes to the climate syste ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).