Climate Change is a Geographic Problem
... GIS organizes geographic data so that a person reading a map can select data necessary for a specific project or task. A thematic map has a table of contents that allows the reader to add layers of information to a basemap of real-world locations. For example, a social analyst might use the basemap ...
... GIS organizes geographic data so that a person reading a map can select data necessary for a specific project or task. A thematic map has a table of contents that allows the reader to add layers of information to a basemap of real-world locations. For example, a social analyst might use the basemap ...
global temperature trends
... difference is probably caused by errors in the model radiative forcing5,12,14–16 or in the model response to radiative forcing5,14,17,18. The relative magnitudes of these three contributions are poorly known. Here we quantify how forcing, feedback and internal climate variability contribute to sprea ...
... difference is probably caused by errors in the model radiative forcing5,12,14–16 or in the model response to radiative forcing5,14,17,18. The relative magnitudes of these three contributions are poorly known. Here we quantify how forcing, feedback and internal climate variability contribute to sprea ...
Models and scenarios - Nachhaltiges Landmanagement
... on modelling and impact assessment with a common set of scenarios for global land use change on a mid term time scale. The scenarios will consider important feedbacks of agricultural markets, climate, economy and the related land use. Since factors influencing land use dynamics are located in interd ...
... on modelling and impact assessment with a common set of scenarios for global land use change on a mid term time scale. The scenarios will consider important feedbacks of agricultural markets, climate, economy and the related land use. Since factors influencing land use dynamics are located in interd ...
IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE RUNOFF REGIME OF AN
... global average sea levels are indicators of climate change and global warming. In the last century, historical data analyses have illustrated an overall rise in global surface air temperature by about 0.5°C– 1.1 °C. The analysis of historical global surface temperature data since 1850 has also revea ...
... global average sea levels are indicators of climate change and global warming. In the last century, historical data analyses have illustrated an overall rise in global surface air temperature by about 0.5°C– 1.1 °C. The analysis of historical global surface temperature data since 1850 has also revea ...
Terrestrial Biodiversity Climate Change Impacts
... • Recent rates of change in distributions differ between species. Some species, including many plants, are intrinsically slow to disperse and fragmentation of habitat may contribute to some species spreading more slowly than would be expected from climate change alone. • Warmer springs in recent d ...
... • Recent rates of change in distributions differ between species. Some species, including many plants, are intrinsically slow to disperse and fragmentation of habitat may contribute to some species spreading more slowly than would be expected from climate change alone. • Warmer springs in recent d ...
ch18_Active PRS_3e
... QUESTION: Review What happens as ice melts in polar regions? a) More heat is reflected into space b) Glaciers re-freeze at night c) Exposed soils absorb heat and make melting ...
... QUESTION: Review What happens as ice melts in polar regions? a) More heat is reflected into space b) Glaciers re-freeze at night c) Exposed soils absorb heat and make melting ...
Educating for optimism and hope in troubled times
... The issue of peak oil, less well known than that of climate change but inextricably related to it, is now beginning to appear on the global agenda. In 2007 scientists critiqued BP for appearing to suggest that proven oil reserves would allow current rates of oil consumption to continue for another f ...
... The issue of peak oil, less well known than that of climate change but inextricably related to it, is now beginning to appear on the global agenda. In 2007 scientists critiqued BP for appearing to suggest that proven oil reserves would allow current rates of oil consumption to continue for another f ...
GCOS - WMO
... GCOS will ensure data needs are met, as far as possible, by existing operational and scientific observing, data management and information distribution systems, and through further enhancements of these systems, as well as through encouraging new systems to be established. GCOS will be implemented t ...
... GCOS will ensure data needs are met, as far as possible, by existing operational and scientific observing, data management and information distribution systems, and through further enhancements of these systems, as well as through encouraging new systems to be established. GCOS will be implemented t ...
Geography (GEOG)
... GEOG 201 Cultural Geography 3 Credit Hours Overview of the major components of culture such as language, religion, agriculture, settlement patterns, and related landscape features in a spatial context. Emphasis on how various cultures perceive and interact with the environment. (F). GEOG 203 ...
... GEOG 201 Cultural Geography 3 Credit Hours Overview of the major components of culture such as language, religion, agriculture, settlement patterns, and related landscape features in a spatial context. Emphasis on how various cultures perceive and interact with the environment. (F). GEOG 203 ...
Global Warming and Climate Change
... [T]he countries of the industrially developed world are the main source of greenhouse gases and therefore bear the main responsibility to the world community for ensuring that measures are implemented to address the issues posed by climate change. At the same time, they must see that the developing ...
... [T]he countries of the industrially developed world are the main source of greenhouse gases and therefore bear the main responsibility to the world community for ensuring that measures are implemented to address the issues posed by climate change. At the same time, they must see that the developing ...
Two Kinds of Climate Justice: Avoiding Harm and Sharing Burdens
... From the external point of view, it is defensible to argue that ‘concessions need to be made to high emitters because without that they are not likely to comply (or will not comply)’. But if a high emitting country like the USA simply says ‘this treaty needs to reward us because unless it does so th ...
... From the external point of view, it is defensible to argue that ‘concessions need to be made to high emitters because without that they are not likely to comply (or will not comply)’. But if a high emitting country like the USA simply says ‘this treaty needs to reward us because unless it does so th ...
Global Ocean Ecosystems Dynamics and Climate
... climate forcing at interannual (e.g., ENSO events) to decadal (e.g., regime shifts) time scales. Global climate change is predicted to be greatest at high latitudes, with dominant effects being increased temperature and changes in ocean circulation. Fluctuations in the extent of sea-ice in the South ...
... climate forcing at interannual (e.g., ENSO events) to decadal (e.g., regime shifts) time scales. Global climate change is predicted to be greatest at high latitudes, with dominant effects being increased temperature and changes in ocean circulation. Fluctuations in the extent of sea-ice in the South ...
climate change and biodiversity for food and agriculture
... ecosystem functioning, including those important for food supply. The latest IPCC Report concludes, with high confidence: For increases in global average temperature exceeding 1.5-2.5°C and in concomitant atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, there are projected to be major changes in ecosystem ...
... ecosystem functioning, including those important for food supply. The latest IPCC Report concludes, with high confidence: For increases in global average temperature exceeding 1.5-2.5°C and in concomitant atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, there are projected to be major changes in ecosystem ...
curriculum vitae - u.arizona.edu
... [40] Cook, E.R., P.J. Krusic, K.J. Anchukaitis, B.M. Buckley, T. Nakatsuka, M. Sano and the PAGES Asia2k members, Tree-ring reconstructed summer temperature anomalies for temperate East Asia since 800 C.E., Climate Dynamics, 41(11), 2957–2972, doi: 10.1007/s00382-012-1611-x, 2013. [39] Ummenhofer, C ...
... [40] Cook, E.R., P.J. Krusic, K.J. Anchukaitis, B.M. Buckley, T. Nakatsuka, M. Sano and the PAGES Asia2k members, Tree-ring reconstructed summer temperature anomalies for temperate East Asia since 800 C.E., Climate Dynamics, 41(11), 2957–2972, doi: 10.1007/s00382-012-1611-x, 2013. [39] Ummenhofer, C ...
Climate change and food security in regional Inuit centers
... on policy linkages, and has sought to identify opportunities and priorities for adaptation intervention to enhance food security among high risk populations in the context of rapid current and future change, working closely with decision makers at multiple levels. In the final year of the project (2 ...
... on policy linkages, and has sought to identify opportunities and priorities for adaptation intervention to enhance food security among high risk populations in the context of rapid current and future change, working closely with decision makers at multiple levels. In the final year of the project (2 ...
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Economics Working Paper Series
... coordinated policy around the globe, state-of-the-art climate models predict that the mean temperature in the United States will increase by about 3 to 8 °F (1.7 to 4.4 °C) by the end of the century compared to today (IPCC 2007). Further, the distribution of daily temperatures is projected to increa ...
... coordinated policy around the globe, state-of-the-art climate models predict that the mean temperature in the United States will increase by about 3 to 8 °F (1.7 to 4.4 °C) by the end of the century compared to today (IPCC 2007). Further, the distribution of daily temperatures is projected to increa ...
East Riding of Yorkshire Council Climate Change Strategy
... strategy will concentrate on the reduction of emissions of ‘greenhouse gasses’ (mentioned in 2.1) from the Council’s operations, as well as adapting the services the Council provides to cope with a changing climate. In most cases, this means the Council saves money and resources which are needed for ...
... strategy will concentrate on the reduction of emissions of ‘greenhouse gasses’ (mentioned in 2.1) from the Council’s operations, as well as adapting the services the Council provides to cope with a changing climate. In most cases, this means the Council saves money and resources which are needed for ...
Impacts of climate and land-use changes on floods in an urban
... Projected rapid land-use changes when coupled with climate change, could potentially lead to increased flood risk which may have a deleterious impact on infrastructure (Ewen & Parkin, 1996). The precise effects of such changes are difficult to predict. For example, the current once in 100-year flood ...
... Projected rapid land-use changes when coupled with climate change, could potentially lead to increased flood risk which may have a deleterious impact on infrastructure (Ewen & Parkin, 1996). The precise effects of such changes are difficult to predict. For example, the current once in 100-year flood ...
Climate Change and Water Resources in the Tropical Andes
... used the high emission A2 scenario to document that the tropical Andes might experience a warming on the order of 4.5–5°Celsius by the end of this century—again with largest temperature increases at higher elevations.17 In a follow-up study, Urrutia and Vuille conducted the first high-resolution, re ...
... used the high emission A2 scenario to document that the tropical Andes might experience a warming on the order of 4.5–5°Celsius by the end of this century—again with largest temperature increases at higher elevations.17 In a follow-up study, Urrutia and Vuille conducted the first high-resolution, re ...
Project No. 282910 Effects of Climate Change on Air Pollution
... The synergies and trade-offs lead to complex non-linear responses, for which process-based models are being developed. In the case of soil NOx, measurements show that raising soil moisture and temperature increase emissions (new results, building on Schaufler et al., 2010), whereas for NH3, temperat ...
... The synergies and trade-offs lead to complex non-linear responses, for which process-based models are being developed. In the case of soil NOx, measurements show that raising soil moisture and temperature increase emissions (new results, building on Schaufler et al., 2010), whereas for NH3, temperat ...
MC1113 Hope in God`s Future - The Methodist Church in Britain
... The theological task is to reflect on modern scientific accounts of current and threatened future harms from by climate change in the context of affirming the triune God as creator and redeemer of the universe. The scientific analyses of climate change and the role of human greenhouse gas emissions ...
... The theological task is to reflect on modern scientific accounts of current and threatened future harms from by climate change in the context of affirming the triune God as creator and redeemer of the universe. The scientific analyses of climate change and the role of human greenhouse gas emissions ...
PDF
... warming causes crop productivity to increase in northern Europe and decrease in southern Europe. However, there are important limitations to these crop models. First, they are focused on major grains and do not cover all crops and so not cover livestock. Second at all, they do not incorporate decisi ...
... warming causes crop productivity to increase in northern Europe and decrease in southern Europe. However, there are important limitations to these crop models. First, they are focused on major grains and do not cover all crops and so not cover livestock. Second at all, they do not incorporate decisi ...
Download paper (PDF)
... issue, sometimes also referred to as "global warming," even though climate change involves much more than warming. This paper describes the development of scientific and public understanding1 of climate change in the United States, focusing especially on the riddle of noncorrespondence: Why, as scie ...
... issue, sometimes also referred to as "global warming," even though climate change involves much more than warming. This paper describes the development of scientific and public understanding1 of climate change in the United States, focusing especially on the riddle of noncorrespondence: Why, as scie ...
Climate change impacts on crop production in Iran`s Zayandeh
... Man-made greenhouse gas emissions as a result of industrialization and urbanization have made significant contributions to global warming and further changes in the global climate. As a result, global temperature rose by 0.74 °C from 1906 to 2005 (IPCC, 2007). Global warming also causes changes in pr ...
... Man-made greenhouse gas emissions as a result of industrialization and urbanization have made significant contributions to global warming and further changes in the global climate. As a result, global temperature rose by 0.74 °C from 1906 to 2005 (IPCC, 2007). Global warming also causes changes in pr ...
AFGHANISTAN: CLIMATE CHANGE SCIENCE PERSPECTIVES
... scenario with limited Green House Gas (GHG) emissions (RCP 4.5) is projected to lead, with high certainty, to strong warming. Climate change projections for Afghanistan also show a temperature increase of around 1.4°C until 2050 and stabilization at the end of the century at around 2.6°C. Under a “p ...
... scenario with limited Green House Gas (GHG) emissions (RCP 4.5) is projected to lead, with high certainty, to strong warming. Climate change projections for Afghanistan also show a temperature increase of around 1.4°C until 2050 and stabilization at the end of the century at around 2.6°C. Under a “p ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).