The Optical Imaging Instruments and Their Applications
... been extended beyond SST retrieval, as its high-quality image data are being used in an increasingly wide range of different EO applications. Table 3 summarises the main MERIS and AATSR products and their respective applications. Oceans SST and climate research The Earth’s climate is subject to a gr ...
... been extended beyond SST retrieval, as its high-quality image data are being used in an increasingly wide range of different EO applications. Table 3 summarises the main MERIS and AATSR products and their respective applications. Oceans SST and climate research The Earth’s climate is subject to a gr ...
Land consolidation and its effect on climate
... increased during the past decades the benefits arising from the increase in size have not been realized due to the continually growing fragmentation. The structural development of farm economy has increased the need to re-arrange land parcels in Finland. This has meant that land consolidation projec ...
... increased during the past decades the benefits arising from the increase in size have not been realized due to the continually growing fragmentation. The structural development of farm economy has increased the need to re-arrange land parcels in Finland. This has meant that land consolidation projec ...
The future of soil invertebrate communities in polar regions: different
... Arctic and Antarctic ecosystems are responding rapidly to recent climate changes (e.g. Post et al. 2009; Turner et al. 2009a). For example, local warming in the Arctic has enhanced plant growth, caused a shift in vegetation composition towards greater cover of shrubs, and a northward migration of th ...
... Arctic and Antarctic ecosystems are responding rapidly to recent climate changes (e.g. Post et al. 2009; Turner et al. 2009a). For example, local warming in the Arctic has enhanced plant growth, caused a shift in vegetation composition towards greater cover of shrubs, and a northward migration of th ...
decadal climate variability, predictability and prediction
... variability are in their infancy [2]. Many formidable challenges exist. For example, climate system predictions on the decadal time scale will require initialization of coupled general circulation models with the best estimates of the current observed state of the atmosphere, oceans, cryosphere, and ...
... variability are in their infancy [2]. Many formidable challenges exist. For example, climate system predictions on the decadal time scale will require initialization of coupled general circulation models with the best estimates of the current observed state of the atmosphere, oceans, cryosphere, and ...
the Measurement Problem Advances Pol. Psych. (forthcoming) PRELIMINARY DRAFT
... 2000), OSI contains items that span a broad range in difficulty. For example, the NSF Indicator Item “Electrons”—“Electrons are smaller than atoms—true or false?”—is comparatively easy (Figure 1). Even at the mean level of science comprehension, test-takers from a general population sample are appro ...
... 2000), OSI contains items that span a broad range in difficulty. For example, the NSF Indicator Item “Electrons”—“Electrons are smaller than atoms—true or false?”—is comparatively easy (Figure 1). Even at the mean level of science comprehension, test-takers from a general population sample are appro ...
Climate Change Adaptation Plan – City of Red Deer Part One
... debate over the causes and severity of changes to our climatic patterns, there is some agreement that our planet is facing more severe weather and that the average conditions are no longer the type of norm we might expect to continue. Over the past century, Alberta’s average temperature has warmed b ...
... debate over the causes and severity of changes to our climatic patterns, there is some agreement that our planet is facing more severe weather and that the average conditions are no longer the type of norm we might expect to continue. Over the past century, Alberta’s average temperature has warmed b ...
Understanding the Links between Climate Change and Development
... A cycle of descent into poverty could emerge from the confluence of climate change, environmental degradation, and market and institutional failures. The cycle could be precipitated by the gradual collapse of a coastal ecosystem, less predictable rainfall, or a more severe hurricane season.35 While ...
... A cycle of descent into poverty could emerge from the confluence of climate change, environmental degradation, and market and institutional failures. The cycle could be precipitated by the gradual collapse of a coastal ecosystem, less predictable rainfall, or a more severe hurricane season.35 While ...
The scientific case for a cumulative carbon budget
... would be extremely expensive, and might not be technically or politically feasible. Although peak emissions are very different, total cumulative emissions up to the time emissions reach zero is the same in all three cases. The most likely temperature responses, shown by the coloured lines in the rig ...
... would be extremely expensive, and might not be technically or politically feasible. Although peak emissions are very different, total cumulative emissions up to the time emissions reach zero is the same in all three cases. The most likely temperature responses, shown by the coloured lines in the rig ...
Impacts of climate change on land-based sectors and
... regional climate system and exploration of the range of plausible future climate scenarios. Adaptive primary sector management also needs estimates of impacts guided by the scenarios across primary production planning timeframes, localities and production systems. This knowledge will support a bette ...
... regional climate system and exploration of the range of plausible future climate scenarios. Adaptive primary sector management also needs estimates of impacts guided by the scenarios across primary production planning timeframes, localities and production systems. This knowledge will support a bette ...
Climate change and its impacts on river discharge in two climate
... The hydrological model used in this study was the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model developed by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). The model has been developed with the continuation of USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) modeling experiences for a period of over 30 years ...
... The hydrological model used in this study was the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model developed by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). The model has been developed with the continuation of USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) modeling experiences for a period of over 30 years ...
Preparing for worst case climate change scenarios
... Background and focus On request of Minister Jacqueline Cramer the 7th meeting of the VROM International Affairs Think Tank, scheduled for 8 July 2009, will address to the topic “Preparing for worst case climate change scenarios”. A number of developments have led to this decision. Up till now the la ...
... Background and focus On request of Minister Jacqueline Cramer the 7th meeting of the VROM International Affairs Think Tank, scheduled for 8 July 2009, will address to the topic “Preparing for worst case climate change scenarios”. A number of developments have led to this decision. Up till now the la ...
Role of Ocean in Global Warming - J
... per year was chosen because the total CO2 equivalent amount of various greenhouse gases other than water vapor was increasing at approximately this rate around 1990, when this experiment was performed. The timedependent response of the coupled model to increasing carbon dioxide was determined from t ...
... per year was chosen because the total CO2 equivalent amount of various greenhouse gases other than water vapor was increasing at approximately this rate around 1990, when this experiment was performed. The timedependent response of the coupled model to increasing carbon dioxide was determined from t ...
Biome Q10 and Dryness - Qc.edu
... and global warming [14,15]. Furthermore, we reiterate the findings of Zhou et al. [4] that models of soil responses to climate change, at least at the biome level, should not assume Q10 = 2, but need to accommodate the sensitivity of soil respiration in different soil types to dryness. Thus, the fee ...
... and global warming [14,15]. Furthermore, we reiterate the findings of Zhou et al. [4] that models of soil responses to climate change, at least at the biome level, should not assume Q10 = 2, but need to accommodate the sensitivity of soil respiration in different soil types to dryness. Thus, the fee ...
Climate Change and Plant Community Composition in National
... all I&M networks. The abundance, distribution, and interaction of many plant species and functional types are likely to respond differently to future changes in precipitation and temperature, creating novel communities. Shifts in plant community composition can have far-reaching effects on ecosystem ...
... all I&M networks. The abundance, distribution, and interaction of many plant species and functional types are likely to respond differently to future changes in precipitation and temperature, creating novel communities. Shifts in plant community composition can have far-reaching effects on ecosystem ...
Climate finance additionality - Overseas Development Institute
... The European Commission is currently requesting that all EU Member States declare their working definitions of new and additional finance, with the goal of having a common and unified definition by 2013. In light of this, the EU, through the European Council’s Economic and Financial Committee (EFC) ...
... The European Commission is currently requesting that all EU Member States declare their working definitions of new and additional finance, with the goal of having a common and unified definition by 2013. In light of this, the EU, through the European Council’s Economic and Financial Committee (EFC) ...
Eurasian Arctic greening reveals teleconnections and the potential
... tundra shrub cover and growth in recent decades1–3 on the basis of significant relationships between deciduous shrub growth/biomass and temperature3–7 . These vegetation trends have been linked to Arctic sea-ice decline5 and thus to the sea-ice/albedo feedback known as Arctic amplification8 . Howeve ...
... tundra shrub cover and growth in recent decades1–3 on the basis of significant relationships between deciduous shrub growth/biomass and temperature3–7 . These vegetation trends have been linked to Arctic sea-ice decline5 and thus to the sea-ice/albedo feedback known as Arctic amplification8 . Howeve ...
Research Article Environmetrics
... A key question in the climate change literature is as follows: How does the earth’s global temperature depend on the concentration of CO2 and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere? This dependency is often quantified by the climate sensitivity, which includes the climate feedbacks in the earth at ...
... A key question in the climate change literature is as follows: How does the earth’s global temperature depend on the concentration of CO2 and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere? This dependency is often quantified by the climate sensitivity, which includes the climate feedbacks in the earth at ...
Water Quality and Quantity, Climate Change and Public Health
... Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) website on preparing for floods: http://www.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/waste/wasteand-cleanup/cleanup-programs-and-topics/cleanupprograms/emergency-response/floods-minimizing-pollution-andhealth-risks.html Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) website on p ...
... Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) website on preparing for floods: http://www.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/waste/wasteand-cleanup/cleanup-programs-and-topics/cleanupprograms/emergency-response/floods-minimizing-pollution-andhealth-risks.html Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) website on p ...
Risks of Climate Change on the Singapore
... Abstract: Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and many of the observed changes are unprecedented over five decades to millennia. Globally the atmosphere and ocean is increasingly getting warmer, the amount of ice on the earth is decreasing over the oceans, and the sea level has risen. Acco ...
... Abstract: Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and many of the observed changes are unprecedented over five decades to millennia. Globally the atmosphere and ocean is increasingly getting warmer, the amount of ice on the earth is decreasing over the oceans, and the sea level has risen. Acco ...
Central African Republic
... The climate is hot and humid equatorial, characterised by two seasons: a dry season and a rainy season. The rainfall varies between 800 mm in the north and 1600 mm in the south and the average annual temperature varies between 15 °C in the south and 38 °C in the north. The future scenario indicates ...
... The climate is hot and humid equatorial, characterised by two seasons: a dry season and a rainy season. The rainfall varies between 800 mm in the north and 1600 mm in the south and the average annual temperature varies between 15 °C in the south and 38 °C in the north. The future scenario indicates ...
STUDY ON THE IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON CHINA`S
... some information of the GCMs, climate scenarios and simulated climatic factors that would be used to simulate the impacts of climate change on China’s agriculture, which will be discussed in the fourth part of this article. Table IV presents the average changes of temperature and precipitation in Ch ...
... some information of the GCMs, climate scenarios and simulated climatic factors that would be used to simulate the impacts of climate change on China’s agriculture, which will be discussed in the fourth part of this article. Table IV presents the average changes of temperature and precipitation in Ch ...
KLMC Advocacy Plan - Kenya livestock Marketing Council
... Our PME approach supports learning, steering as well as accountability, and monitoring is an ongoing practise throughout the duration of the project. To allow for project-wide reporting, learning and comparison between countries and themes, a harmonised Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) framework has ...
... Our PME approach supports learning, steering as well as accountability, and monitoring is an ongoing practise throughout the duration of the project. To allow for project-wide reporting, learning and comparison between countries and themes, a harmonised Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) framework has ...
Climate finance for the Middle East and North Africa: confronting the
... The Government of Morocco has expressed an ambitious intent to promote renewable energy technology and diversify its energy mix. In this context, it has established a number of programmes to develop wind and solar energy technology, both of which are receiving substantial finance from the World Bank ...
... The Government of Morocco has expressed an ambitious intent to promote renewable energy technology and diversify its energy mix. In this context, it has established a number of programmes to develop wind and solar energy technology, both of which are receiving substantial finance from the World Bank ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).