Is co-producing science for adaptation decision
... UKCP09, embraced the ethos behind usable science involving non-scientific actors throughout their design and delivery (Steynor et al 2012). UKCP09 includes several products – a user interface, marine and costal projections, a weather generator – but our focus is on the land climate change projection ...
... UKCP09, embraced the ethos behind usable science involving non-scientific actors throughout their design and delivery (Steynor et al 2012). UKCP09 includes several products – a user interface, marine and costal projections, a weather generator – but our focus is on the land climate change projection ...
national climate change policy
... Agriculture is central to human survival and is probably the human enterprise most vulnerable to climate change. The agriculture sector, as the single largest sector of Pakistan’s economy, is its lifeline. It accounts for 45% of the labor force, 21% of GDP and 70% of total export earnings. Agricultu ...
... Agriculture is central to human survival and is probably the human enterprise most vulnerable to climate change. The agriculture sector, as the single largest sector of Pakistan’s economy, is its lifeline. It accounts for 45% of the labor force, 21% of GDP and 70% of total export earnings. Agricultu ...
The sensitivity of mountain snowpack accumulation to climate warming
... for given uniform (horizontally and vertically) and constant impinging flow. The model assumes stable stratification and saturated conditions. It solves linearized equations of motion for flow over topography to represent the pattern of ascent responsible for the generation of orographic clouds. It ...
... for given uniform (horizontally and vertically) and constant impinging flow. The model assumes stable stratification and saturated conditions. It solves linearized equations of motion for flow over topography to represent the pattern of ascent responsible for the generation of orographic clouds. It ...
Risks of Climate Change with Respect to the Singapore
... recognized that there is a need to integrate the consideration of climate change and its impacts into the development of policies and projects [3]. “Decisions made today—for example, in the creation of new infrastructure or other assets—need to occur in a way which ensures that the outcomes of those ...
... recognized that there is a need to integrate the consideration of climate change and its impacts into the development of policies and projects [3]. “Decisions made today—for example, in the creation of new infrastructure or other assets—need to occur in a way which ensures that the outcomes of those ...
Climate Change Aspects in Agriculture
... access to safe drinking water in some areas. The expected changes in climate, such as increasing temperature, decreasing water availability, and increasing frequency and magnitude of extreme events, will intensify these issues and impede development. Integrating climate change into development goals ...
... access to safe drinking water in some areas. The expected changes in climate, such as increasing temperature, decreasing water availability, and increasing frequency and magnitude of extreme events, will intensify these issues and impede development. Integrating climate change into development goals ...
PDF
... agricultural yield, many regions could suffer from deficiencies in their food supply (Rippke et al. 2016, Burke and Lobell 2010, Lobell et al. 2008, Schmidhuber and Tubiello 2007, Gregory, Ingram, and Brklacich 2005, Stern 2007, Challinor et al. 2014). This situation is dramatic for poor families be ...
... agricultural yield, many regions could suffer from deficiencies in their food supply (Rippke et al. 2016, Burke and Lobell 2010, Lobell et al. 2008, Schmidhuber and Tubiello 2007, Gregory, Ingram, and Brklacich 2005, Stern 2007, Challinor et al. 2014). This situation is dramatic for poor families be ...
The obscure future of the Kyoto protocol - Hal-SHS
... During the 2nd MOP, which was held in 2006 at Nairobi, jointly with the 12th COP, the AWG-KP meetings did not lead to the definition of commitments for an eventual PK 2. While negotiations continued under the leadership of AWG-KP, the Bali action plan, adopted in 2007 at the end of the 13th COP, ope ...
... During the 2nd MOP, which was held in 2006 at Nairobi, jointly with the 12th COP, the AWG-KP meetings did not lead to the definition of commitments for an eventual PK 2. While negotiations continued under the leadership of AWG-KP, the Bali action plan, adopted in 2007 at the end of the 13th COP, ope ...
Chicago Area Climate Change Quick Guide
... approaches are prominent in the Chicago Climate Action Plan. Vegetated roofs, for instance, cool the city as temperatures rise and retain water during storms (adaptation), while they also help increase the energy efficiency of buildings (mitigation). Increasing the size of the Chicago urban forest c ...
... approaches are prominent in the Chicago Climate Action Plan. Vegetated roofs, for instance, cool the city as temperatures rise and retain water during storms (adaptation), while they also help increase the energy efficiency of buildings (mitigation). Increasing the size of the Chicago urban forest c ...
Air and water - Delivery guide
... and work to minimise the impact of human activities on their quality. In section C1.1, the context of changes in the Earth’s atmosphere is used to explore the particle model and its limitations when explaining changes of state, and the principles of balancing equations for combustion reactions. The ...
... and work to minimise the impact of human activities on their quality. In section C1.1, the context of changes in the Earth’s atmosphere is used to explore the particle model and its limitations when explaining changes of state, and the principles of balancing equations for combustion reactions. The ...
Human Development Report 2007/2008 Climate Change and
... body mass. As a result, it is estimated that the economic sea production capacity of Viet Nam would be reduced by at least one third. Due to a rise in seawater level, aquaculture farms will have to be relocated and saline water intrusion and reduction of the mangrove area will create loss of habitat ...
... body mass. As a result, it is estimated that the economic sea production capacity of Viet Nam would be reduced by at least one third. Due to a rise in seawater level, aquaculture farms will have to be relocated and saline water intrusion and reduction of the mangrove area will create loss of habitat ...
Rethinking wedges
... Stabilizing global climate requires decreasing CO2 emissions to near zero [8–11]. If emissions were to stop completely, global temperatures would quickly stabilize and decrease gradually over time [8, 12, 13]. But socioeconomic demands and dependence on fossil-fuel energy effectively commit us to ma ...
... Stabilizing global climate requires decreasing CO2 emissions to near zero [8–11]. If emissions were to stop completely, global temperatures would quickly stabilize and decrease gradually over time [8, 12, 13]. But socioeconomic demands and dependence on fossil-fuel energy effectively commit us to ma ...
Challenges of Growth 2013
... and the European Commission Adaptation Platform). In recent years the aviation sector has initiated a comprehensive range of measures to mitigate its greenhouse gas emissions. However, as yet, relatively little has been done to address the potential adaptation needs of the industry. Yet, aviation is ...
... and the European Commission Adaptation Platform). In recent years the aviation sector has initiated a comprehensive range of measures to mitigate its greenhouse gas emissions. However, as yet, relatively little has been done to address the potential adaptation needs of the industry. Yet, aviation is ...
Israel`s report to the UNFCCC on climate change, 2000
... UNFCCC entered into force on March 1994, and 184 countries ratified it by May 2000, including Israel, which ratified in June 1996. ...
... UNFCCC entered into force on March 1994, and 184 countries ratified it by May 2000, including Israel, which ratified in June 1996. ...
1 Low Carbon Growth Partnership between the Japanese side and
... building support necessary for the implementation of the JCM. Particularly, the Japanese side will support Cambodian side for implementing the JCM in Cambodia. 9. The JCM starts its operation as the non-tradable credit type mechanism. Both sides continue consultation for the transition to the tradab ...
... building support necessary for the implementation of the JCM. Particularly, the Japanese side will support Cambodian side for implementing the JCM in Cambodia. 9. The JCM starts its operation as the non-tradable credit type mechanism. Both sides continue consultation for the transition to the tradab ...
World Bank Document - Arab Trade Union Confederation
... governorates. The standard Ricardian model was applied, in addition to another three models each representing an adaptation option that could be used to reduce the harmful effects of temperature stress. A further adaptation strategy was tested: raising livestock on the farm to cope with the harmful ...
... governorates. The standard Ricardian model was applied, in addition to another three models each representing an adaptation option that could be used to reduce the harmful effects of temperature stress. A further adaptation strategy was tested: raising livestock on the farm to cope with the harmful ...
POLICY ISSUES RELATED TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN SPAIN
... decades have had noticeable direct consequences in natural ecosystems, glaciers and agricultural systems in many regions. Many areas of the world are already struggling today with the adverse impacts of an increase in global average temperature. The scientific literature also suggests that observed ...
... decades have had noticeable direct consequences in natural ecosystems, glaciers and agricultural systems in many regions. Many areas of the world are already struggling today with the adverse impacts of an increase in global average temperature. The scientific literature also suggests that observed ...
Trends in river floods: why is there no clear signal in observations?
... The mechanism whereby an increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere would produce global warming is through an increase in downward infrared radiation (Trenberth, 1998). This would not only increase surface temperatures, but also enhance the hydrological cycle as much of the heating at the surfa ...
... The mechanism whereby an increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere would produce global warming is through an increase in downward infrared radiation (Trenberth, 1998). This would not only increase surface temperatures, but also enhance the hydrological cycle as much of the heating at the surfa ...
Does the terrestrial biosphere have planetary tipping points?
... likely to respond heterogeneously in time and space to drivers, which implies that the pattern of change in any global aggregate ecosystem attribute will be relatively rate constant and cumulative, rather than exhibiting any identifiable tipping points at timescales shorter than geological time peri ...
... likely to respond heterogeneously in time and space to drivers, which implies that the pattern of change in any global aggregate ecosystem attribute will be relatively rate constant and cumulative, rather than exhibiting any identifiable tipping points at timescales shorter than geological time peri ...
Official PDF , 39 pages
... governorates. The standard Ricardian model was applied, in addition to another three models each representing an adaptation option that could be used to reduce the harmful effects of temperature stress. A further adaptation strategy was tested: raising livestock on the farm to cope with the harmful ...
... governorates. The standard Ricardian model was applied, in addition to another three models each representing an adaptation option that could be used to reduce the harmful effects of temperature stress. A further adaptation strategy was tested: raising livestock on the farm to cope with the harmful ...
Discussion Paper - LEDS Global Partnership
... Africa partly because many of them live in areas most prone to extreme climate events and partly because they have little capacity to adapt by turning to irrigated agriculture, improved seeds or alternative livelihoods. Recent modeling has provided important insights that should serve as an early wa ...
... Africa partly because many of them live in areas most prone to extreme climate events and partly because they have little capacity to adapt by turning to irrigated agriculture, improved seeds or alternative livelihoods. Recent modeling has provided important insights that should serve as an early wa ...
Expedition to the Alps to Learn About Snowpack
... As the snowpack shrinks, communities that rely on mountain snowpack for their water may have less water coming into their reservoirs. In addition, mountain snowmelt is occurring earlier due to warming temperatures. This early melting can cause flooding in the spring and water shortages in the summ ...
... As the snowpack shrinks, communities that rely on mountain snowpack for their water may have less water coming into their reservoirs. In addition, mountain snowmelt is occurring earlier due to warming temperatures. This early melting can cause flooding in the spring and water shortages in the summ ...
Solving the paradox of the end of the Little Ice Age in the Alps
... et al., 2001]. The cumulative mass balances of these glaciers have been reconstructed for the period since 1760 using the degree-day model with homogenized summer temperature data and the average twentieth century winter precipitation from Besse en Oisans. The reconstructed values from the summer te ...
... et al., 2001]. The cumulative mass balances of these glaciers have been reconstructed for the period since 1760 using the degree-day model with homogenized summer temperature data and the average twentieth century winter precipitation from Besse en Oisans. The reconstructed values from the summer te ...
Climate Change, Influencing the Health of Urban Populations
... focus on the physical environment and the economic growth of the city, and now back to public health. The healthy cities movement began in the 1980s however, recently the movement experienced a resurgence, and cities are creating health city plans2. The driver of this has been climate change with it ...
... focus on the physical environment and the economic growth of the city, and now back to public health. The healthy cities movement began in the 1980s however, recently the movement experienced a resurgence, and cities are creating health city plans2. The driver of this has been climate change with it ...
Climate Scientists Respond
... The Earth is now cooling and the previous decades of warming have stopped. Assertion 7 and Responses.......................................................................................................................... 16 Recent decades of warming were due to global brightening, not CO2. Asserti ...
... The Earth is now cooling and the previous decades of warming have stopped. Assertion 7 and Responses.......................................................................................................................... 16 Recent decades of warming were due to global brightening, not CO2. Asserti ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).