CGE Training Materials for Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment
... Air. Extreme high air temperatures can kill directly; it has been estimated that more than 70 000 excess deaths occurred in the extreme heat of summer 2003 in Europe. By the second half of the 21st century such extreme temperatures will be the norm. In addition, rising air temperatures will increase ...
... Air. Extreme high air temperatures can kill directly; it has been estimated that more than 70 000 excess deaths occurred in the extreme heat of summer 2003 in Europe. By the second half of the 21st century such extreme temperatures will be the norm. In addition, rising air temperatures will increase ...
Temperature-induced mismatches between
... A3). Increasing M:C indicates higher metabolic demand relative to consumption. This ratio does not indicate ingestion efficiency, as the units are in standard deviations, but expresses the relative strengths of metabolism and consumption. We regressed M:C against temperature and also regressed growth ...
... A3). Increasing M:C indicates higher metabolic demand relative to consumption. This ratio does not indicate ingestion efficiency, as the units are in standard deviations, but expresses the relative strengths of metabolism and consumption. We regressed M:C against temperature and also regressed growth ...
Major Issues with IPCC Report
... climatologists who doubt that humankind has an actually or potentially harmful influence on the Earth’s climate are adequately represented in chapter 9. Hegerl, one of the coordinating lead authors of chapter 9, had co-authored cited papers with two lead author and eight contributing authors, as wel ...
... climatologists who doubt that humankind has an actually or potentially harmful influence on the Earth’s climate are adequately represented in chapter 9. Hegerl, one of the coordinating lead authors of chapter 9, had co-authored cited papers with two lead author and eight contributing authors, as wel ...
PDF Full-text
... climate change, the reliance on scientific knowledge of climate change, and its inherent uncertainties and ambiguities. From a municipality’s perspective, the fact that climate change is an ongoing process implies that adaptation strategies involve developments that reach far into the future, which ...
... climate change, the reliance on scientific knowledge of climate change, and its inherent uncertainties and ambiguities. From a municipality’s perspective, the fact that climate change is an ongoing process implies that adaptation strategies involve developments that reach far into the future, which ...
Part 1 - Unctad
... and critical importance to these countries The global ocean market is estimated to be valued at approximately US$1,345 billion per annum, contributing approximately 2 percent to the world’s Gross Domestic Product. Approximately 350 million jobs globally are linked to the oceans through fishing, aqua ...
... and critical importance to these countries The global ocean market is estimated to be valued at approximately US$1,345 billion per annum, contributing approximately 2 percent to the world’s Gross Domestic Product. Approximately 350 million jobs globally are linked to the oceans through fishing, aqua ...
Future risk of record-breaking summer temperatures and its
... science (IPCC 2013). In preparation for the latest Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, a subset of four scenarios, the so-called Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs; van Vuuren et al. 2011), have been adopted for climate model simulations: these are RCP 2.6, R ...
... science (IPCC 2013). In preparation for the latest Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, a subset of four scenarios, the so-called Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs; van Vuuren et al. 2011), have been adopted for climate model simulations: these are RCP 2.6, R ...
Assessing Vulnerabilities to the Effects of Global Change: An Eight
... vulnerability assessments, and to propose a common methodology for conducting such assessments, for a broad multi-disciplinary audience. In Section 2, we assert a common definition and objective for global change vulnerability assessments, and relate these concepts to the literatures from which they ...
... vulnerability assessments, and to propose a common methodology for conducting such assessments, for a broad multi-disciplinary audience. In Section 2, we assert a common definition and objective for global change vulnerability assessments, and relate these concepts to the literatures from which they ...
REPORTS A CLIMATIC DRIVER FOR ABRUPT MID-HOLOCENE VEGETATION D
... ranges from northern hardwood–hemlock–white pine (Pinus strobus) forest on shallow till soils inland to a complex of vegetation on deep glacial deposits in the coastal region of Cape Cod and adjacent islands (Foster and Aber 2004). Near the coast, finer-textured soils support oak (Quercus spp.) with ...
... ranges from northern hardwood–hemlock–white pine (Pinus strobus) forest on shallow till soils inland to a complex of vegetation on deep glacial deposits in the coastal region of Cape Cod and adjacent islands (Foster and Aber 2004). Near the coast, finer-textured soils support oak (Quercus spp.) with ...
INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION ... LIVELIHOODS OF KURESOI DISTRICT COMMUNITY, NAKURU COUNTY KENYA
... This study addresses the influence of climate change mitigating strategies on rural livelihoods of Kuresoi District community, Nakuru County in Kenya. Climate change is a major challenge on livelihoods among communities living along Mau forest at Kuresoi district in Kenya. Most of the environment wa ...
... This study addresses the influence of climate change mitigating strategies on rural livelihoods of Kuresoi District community, Nakuru County in Kenya. Climate change is a major challenge on livelihoods among communities living along Mau forest at Kuresoi district in Kenya. Most of the environment wa ...
Climate change and eastern Africa: a review of impact on major crops
... be less affected than the grain crops with changes to crop yields ranging from about −15% to 10%. For the two major export crops, tea and coffee, up to 40% yield loss is expected due to the reduction in suitable areas caused by temperature increase. Similar loss of suitable areas is also expected fo ...
... be less affected than the grain crops with changes to crop yields ranging from about −15% to 10%. For the two major export crops, tea and coffee, up to 40% yield loss is expected due to the reduction in suitable areas caused by temperature increase. Similar loss of suitable areas is also expected fo ...
RAINFALL PATTERN IN FREETOWN, SIERRA LEONE
... would also have implications for the government of Sierra Leone ‘Agenda for Prosperity’ for which one its element is to increase agricultural output. At a period when the world is grappled with various environmental problems including global warming, ozone depletion, acid rain, recurrent droughts an ...
... would also have implications for the government of Sierra Leone ‘Agenda for Prosperity’ for which one its element is to increase agricultural output. At a period when the world is grappled with various environmental problems including global warming, ozone depletion, acid rain, recurrent droughts an ...
Climate Regulation and the Limits of Cost
... There is by now a broad consensus that global warming threatens significant harm to the welfare of people across the world and that national governments should take steps to curb warming and alleviate the harm caused by climate change.2 After dragging its heels, the United States has joined most oth ...
... There is by now a broad consensus that global warming threatens significant harm to the welfare of people across the world and that national governments should take steps to curb warming and alleviate the harm caused by climate change.2 After dragging its heels, the United States has joined most oth ...
Climate Change Impact on Public Health in the Russian Arctic
... on days with unusually high or low temperatures. It also increases mortality and injuries resulting from floods, storms and other weather events. Weather events also indirectly affect health through worsened living conditions, including loss of housing to coastal erosion, lack of safe drinking water ...
... on days with unusually high or low temperatures. It also increases mortality and injuries resulting from floods, storms and other weather events. Weather events also indirectly affect health through worsened living conditions, including loss of housing to coastal erosion, lack of safe drinking water ...
STRUCTURE OF THE INDC
... Thus public sector dominates the economy, accounting for more than half of estimated gross domestic product (GDP). The general level of demand is largely determined by the government’s recurrent budget, half of which is funded by access license fees paid by foreign fishing vessels to catch tuna in K ...
... Thus public sector dominates the economy, accounting for more than half of estimated gross domestic product (GDP). The general level of demand is largely determined by the government’s recurrent budget, half of which is funded by access license fees paid by foreign fishing vessels to catch tuna in K ...
National Survey of Canada`s Infrastructure Engineers about Climate
... mitigate future climate change, however a smaller proportion of engineers believe this in 2012 than in 2007; a greater proportion of engineers in 2012 strongly believe that reduced GHG emissions will mitigate future climate change. Three out of four infrastructure engineers feel they need more in ...
... mitigate future climate change, however a smaller proportion of engineers believe this in 2012 than in 2007; a greater proportion of engineers in 2012 strongly believe that reduced GHG emissions will mitigate future climate change. Three out of four infrastructure engineers feel they need more in ...
Invited Commentary A simple framework for evaluating regional
... Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK ...
... Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK ...
The Wegman report
... Ice cores are the accumulation of snow and ice over many years that have recrystallized and have trapped air bubbles from previous time periods. The composition of these ice cores, especially the presence of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes, provides a picture of the climate at the time. Because isotop ...
... Ice cores are the accumulation of snow and ice over many years that have recrystallized and have trapped air bubbles from previous time periods. The composition of these ice cores, especially the presence of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes, provides a picture of the climate at the time. Because isotop ...
da nang, vietnam: climate change impacts on heat stress by 2050
... Figure 1: Location of Da Nang in Vietnam’s central coast (left figure) and a simple land use map showing the drastic terrain (coast to mountains) over a short distance. ...................................... 1 ...
... Figure 1: Location of Da Nang in Vietnam’s central coast (left figure) and a simple land use map showing the drastic terrain (coast to mountains) over a short distance. ...................................... 1 ...
Climate change adaptation in water management for food security
... and seasonal) daytime maximum and mean (annual and seasonal) nighttime minimum air temperatures have both increased during the period 1960-2001 with trends of 0.026 °C and 0.017 °C per year, respectively. ...
... and seasonal) daytime maximum and mean (annual and seasonal) nighttime minimum air temperatures have both increased during the period 1960-2001 with trends of 0.026 °C and 0.017 °C per year, respectively. ...
The Specter of Species Extinction
... they discovered “the existence of ‘pre-adapted’ individuals in standing tree populations” that “would reduce temperature-based advantages for invading species,” which finding, they say, “bring[s] into question assumptions currently used in models of global climate change.” Another perspective on the ...
... they discovered “the existence of ‘pre-adapted’ individuals in standing tree populations” that “would reduce temperature-based advantages for invading species,” which finding, they say, “bring[s] into question assumptions currently used in models of global climate change.” Another perspective on the ...
(PDF 1.79Mb)
... Preparing for a a changing climate will contribute towards this national aim. In Scotland, the Climate Change (Scotland) Act, 2009 places duties on public bodies to take certain measures to tackle climate change. Part 4 of the Act states that „All public bodies need to be resilient to the future cli ...
... Preparing for a a changing climate will contribute towards this national aim. In Scotland, the Climate Change (Scotland) Act, 2009 places duties on public bodies to take certain measures to tackle climate change. Part 4 of the Act states that „All public bodies need to be resilient to the future cli ...
A Climate Risk Management Approach to Disaster Reduction
... autonomously generated and may, in numerous cases, be caused by economic decisions taken on the other side of the globe. This territorial complexity of causal factors extends down to include the impacts of national, sectoral and territorial development policies on regions and localities. The scienti ...
... autonomously generated and may, in numerous cases, be caused by economic decisions taken on the other side of the globe. This territorial complexity of causal factors extends down to include the impacts of national, sectoral and territorial development policies on regions and localities. The scienti ...
Biodiversity and Climate Change in Ireland
... Compelling evidence from around the globe indicates that species are already shifting their ranges in response to on-going changes in regional climates (Parmesan and Yohe, 2003; Root et al., 2005; Walther et al., 2005; Lavergne et al., 2006), that species are altering their phenology (Menzel and Fab ...
... Compelling evidence from around the globe indicates that species are already shifting their ranges in response to on-going changes in regional climates (Parmesan and Yohe, 2003; Root et al., 2005; Walther et al., 2005; Lavergne et al., 2006), that species are altering their phenology (Menzel and Fab ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).