Understanding By Design Unit Template for
... Collect data to produce data to serve as the basis for evidence to answer scientific questions or test design solutions under a range of conditions. (MS-ESS2-5) ...
... Collect data to produce data to serve as the basis for evidence to answer scientific questions or test design solutions under a range of conditions. (MS-ESS2-5) ...
Environmental prices, uncertainty and learning
... Environmental economics has of course to contend with model uncertainty in representing both the economy and the environment. Moreover, perhaps the greatest source of model uncertainty is the crucial linkage between the two, specifically how the environment provides economic value, where the modelli ...
... Environmental economics has of course to contend with model uncertainty in representing both the economy and the environment. Moreover, perhaps the greatest source of model uncertainty is the crucial linkage between the two, specifically how the environment provides economic value, where the modelli ...
Our future in their plans
... We found that the people managing our money are still heavily invested in fossil fuel companies with relatively low levels of investment in renewables. To a certain extent, this is not surprising because much of the information we looked at is tied to historic investment decisions. We understand tha ...
... We found that the people managing our money are still heavily invested in fossil fuel companies with relatively low levels of investment in renewables. To a certain extent, this is not surprising because much of the information we looked at is tied to historic investment decisions. We understand tha ...
MD/DC Metro Area - GAIA - The Johns Hopkins University Applied
... • Acute: defined as an affirmative response to the question “Have you ever been told by a doctor {nurse or other health professional} that you have asthma?” • Chronic: defined as an affirmative response to that question followed by an affirmative response to the subsequent question “Do you still hav ...
... • Acute: defined as an affirmative response to the question “Have you ever been told by a doctor {nurse or other health professional} that you have asthma?” • Chronic: defined as an affirmative response to that question followed by an affirmative response to the subsequent question “Do you still hav ...
Letter from Peter Lilley to Bob Ward, 2 January 2013
... for future rises in consumption which would have the effect of dramatically reducing the present value of future losses to rich generations1. Para 14. You object to my description of the Review’s use of the balanced growth equivalent as a “novel and misleading practice”. It is novel because, even th ...
... for future rises in consumption which would have the effect of dramatically reducing the present value of future losses to rich generations1. Para 14. You object to my description of the Review’s use of the balanced growth equivalent as a “novel and misleading practice”. It is novel because, even th ...
The Aversion to Direct Cost Imposition: Selecting Climate Policy
... among various nations as well as sub-national units such as American states and localities that retain authority to launch unilateral greenhouse gas reduction initiatives of their own (Selin and VanDeveer 2009). While this vast laboratory has generated some version of virtually every type of policy ...
... among various nations as well as sub-national units such as American states and localities that retain authority to launch unilateral greenhouse gas reduction initiatives of their own (Selin and VanDeveer 2009). While this vast laboratory has generated some version of virtually every type of policy ...
P R I N C E T O N ... P R I N C E T O N ... Wagner_ClimateShock_FINAL.indd 3 12/30/14 8:32 AM
... back to camels in Canada, who happily marched in what is now frozen tundra at temperatures of 2–3.5°C (3.6–6.3°F) above preindustrial levels. And we’d be at 2°C (3.6°F) with a climate sensitivity of 1.5°C (2.7°F), which is at the lower edge of the likely range. All that makes our inability to excl ...
... back to camels in Canada, who happily marched in what is now frozen tundra at temperatures of 2–3.5°C (3.6–6.3°F) above preindustrial levels. And we’d be at 2°C (3.6°F) with a climate sensitivity of 1.5°C (2.7°F), which is at the lower edge of the likely range. All that makes our inability to excl ...
Analysis of Monthly, Seasonal and Annual Air Temperature
... perature of the Earth within a range suitable for life. However, as the levels of these gases build up in the atmosphere, they act like the transparent roof of a greenhouse, which allows in sunlight while trapping the heat energy. Climate change over the last century is a subject of great topical in ...
... perature of the Earth within a range suitable for life. However, as the levels of these gases build up in the atmosphere, they act like the transparent roof of a greenhouse, which allows in sunlight while trapping the heat energy. Climate change over the last century is a subject of great topical in ...
Community based adaptation to climate change
... because it focuses on informing climate change policies that are driven by controlling overall levels of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, but a number of critics have questioned whether this approach is always appropriate.12 First, some observers have pointed out that focusing on unc ...
... because it focuses on informing climate change policies that are driven by controlling overall levels of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, but a number of critics have questioned whether this approach is always appropriate.12 First, some observers have pointed out that focusing on unc ...
Global warming under old and new scenarios using IPCC climate
... then re-sample the joint distribution of climate model parameters such that historically observed ocean’s surface and land’s air temperatures in both hemispheres8 , as well as ocean heat uptake observations9 , are matched. The resulting model set-up closely reflects the uncertainties in radiative fo ...
... then re-sample the joint distribution of climate model parameters such that historically observed ocean’s surface and land’s air temperatures in both hemispheres8 , as well as ocean heat uptake observations9 , are matched. The resulting model set-up closely reflects the uncertainties in radiative fo ...
www.ssoar.info Politics, geological past, and the future of earth
... this deficit of contemporaneous data for calibrating their computer models, researchers have no alternative than to turn to historical data. Many of the researchers began to work on reinterpretations of past volcanic eruptions and climatic changes, ranging from more recent human history to paleohist ...
... this deficit of contemporaneous data for calibrating their computer models, researchers have no alternative than to turn to historical data. Many of the researchers began to work on reinterpretations of past volcanic eruptions and climatic changes, ranging from more recent human history to paleohist ...
Sensitivity of thermohaline circulation to decadal and
... high latitudes, and upwelling at lower latitudes, with horizontal currents feeding the vertical flows. It is also important to note that this conceptual picture of the THC includes a highly localized area of convection. Therefore, we could state that the THC is “pushed” by convection and “pulled” by ...
... high latitudes, and upwelling at lower latitudes, with horizontal currents feeding the vertical flows. It is also important to note that this conceptual picture of the THC includes a highly localized area of convection. Therefore, we could state that the THC is “pushed” by convection and “pulled” by ...
The MDGs have no relevance
... ‘MDGs provide focus, something for people to rally around, but like other management targets, they skew the efforts towards narrow targets.’ INGO Director, Male, Italy ...
... ‘MDGs provide focus, something for people to rally around, but like other management targets, they skew the efforts towards narrow targets.’ INGO Director, Male, Italy ...
The Community Climate System Model
... back to the Antarctic coast in summer, while extensive regions of relatively thin, fractured sea ice are found in winter. These results are realistic. Overall the results of this initial coupled experiment were very encouraging. We were particularly encouraged to obtain a realistic, stable pattern ...
... back to the Antarctic coast in summer, while extensive regions of relatively thin, fractured sea ice are found in winter. These results are realistic. Overall the results of this initial coupled experiment were very encouraging. We were particularly encouraged to obtain a realistic, stable pattern ...
4b. GCOS-indicators_WDAC6 - World Climate Research Programme
... Ø Planning for adaptation needs an understanding of future risk and how it may change: What would a one in a hundred-year storm look like in 100 years’ time? Ø Planning for future impacts needs an understanding now of worst-case scenarios, e.g. highest possible sea level rise, largest flood or big ...
... Ø Planning for adaptation needs an understanding of future risk and how it may change: What would a one in a hundred-year storm look like in 100 years’ time? Ø Planning for future impacts needs an understanding now of worst-case scenarios, e.g. highest possible sea level rise, largest flood or big ...
Climate Change, Human Rights and the Problem of Motivation
... increasingly undermine a plurality of human rights,9 I focus here only on two of the most accepted rights, both from a philosophical and from a political point of view: the rights to subsistence and to health. These rights are usually considered to be positive rights. In line with the minimalist app ...
... increasingly undermine a plurality of human rights,9 I focus here only on two of the most accepted rights, both from a philosophical and from a political point of view: the rights to subsistence and to health. These rights are usually considered to be positive rights. In line with the minimalist app ...
China`s Policies and Actions for Addressing Climate Change (White
... of the world's average. The area of natural wetlands is comparatively small; most grasslands are highly frigid meadows and desert steppes; temperate grasslands in northern China are in danger of de-generation and desertification due to the impacts of drought and deterioration of the eco-environment. ...
... of the world's average. The area of natural wetlands is comparatively small; most grasslands are highly frigid meadows and desert steppes; temperate grasslands in northern China are in danger of de-generation and desertification due to the impacts of drought and deterioration of the eco-environment. ...
LCCARL267_en.pdf
... options to rebuild the economy and the society based on other, different options that have shaped the region for several hundred years. The main question that could be raised by models related to the best climate policy and longterm welfare changes concerns the impacts and how to adapt best to futur ...
... options to rebuild the economy and the society based on other, different options that have shaped the region for several hundred years. The main question that could be raised by models related to the best climate policy and longterm welfare changes concerns the impacts and how to adapt best to futur ...
Local Economic Recovery in a crisis situation: a bridge between
... Vulnerability to disasters is at the core of the fight against poverty, as poor are consistently most affected Poverty outcomes not met in disaster-prone countries (WB case studies) ...
... Vulnerability to disasters is at the core of the fight against poverty, as poor are consistently most affected Poverty outcomes not met in disaster-prone countries (WB case studies) ...
Web System Development Literature Review
... In 2009/10 a review exercise revealed that there are a wide range of papers published and models developed concerning the impacts of climate variability and change on human health and infectious diseases world wide (e.g. Hunter 2003; Kovats et al. 2003; Nakhapakorn and Tripathi 2005; Patrick et al. ...
... In 2009/10 a review exercise revealed that there are a wide range of papers published and models developed concerning the impacts of climate variability and change on human health and infectious diseases world wide (e.g. Hunter 2003; Kovats et al. 2003; Nakhapakorn and Tripathi 2005; Patrick et al. ...
PDF
... Bosello and Zhang (2005) also uses a GCM containing a crop- growth model, with a global CGE model (GTAP-E). The climatic scenario is endogenously produced by the economic model. They found a limited impact of climate change on agricultural sectors mainly due to smoothing effect of economic adaptatio ...
... Bosello and Zhang (2005) also uses a GCM containing a crop- growth model, with a global CGE model (GTAP-E). The climatic scenario is endogenously produced by the economic model. They found a limited impact of climate change on agricultural sectors mainly due to smoothing effect of economic adaptatio ...
How are salmon changing in response to climate change?
... What does the best dataset in Alaska say about salmon response to climate change? Is salmon run timing changing with warming? Yes – most juveniles and adults emigrating and immigrating earlier. What are the effects on salmon availability? Smaller window in which ecosystem service available for harv ...
... What does the best dataset in Alaska say about salmon response to climate change? Is salmon run timing changing with warming? Yes – most juveniles and adults emigrating and immigrating earlier. What are the effects on salmon availability? Smaller window in which ecosystem service available for harv ...
Paper - System Dynamics Society
... Scientists use a variety of models to keep track of the greenhouse gasses and their impact on the climate, as explained in the box below. Some of the models combine simulations of the atmosphere, soils, biomass and ocean response to anthropogenic emissions. The more developed models include CO2, met ...
... Scientists use a variety of models to keep track of the greenhouse gasses and their impact on the climate, as explained in the box below. Some of the models combine simulations of the atmosphere, soils, biomass and ocean response to anthropogenic emissions. The more developed models include CO2, met ...
Solar radiation management
Solar radiation management (SRM) projects (proposed and theoretical) are a type of climate engineering which seek to reflect sunlight and thus reduce global warming. Proposed examples include the creation of stratospheric sulfate aerosols. They would not reduce greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, and thus do not address problems such as ocean acidification caused by excess carbon dioxide (CO2). Their principal advantages as an approach to climate engineering is the speed with which they can be deployed and become fully active, as well as their potential low financial cost. By comparison, other climate engineering techniques based on greenhouse gas remediation, such as ocean iron fertilization, need to sequester the anthropogenic carbon excess before any reversal of global warming would occur. Solar radiation management projects can therefore be used as a climate engineering ""quick fix"" while levels of greenhouse gases can be brought under control by greenhouse gas remediation techniques.