Modeling plant species distributions under future climates: how fine
... Keywords: biodiversity, California, climate change, downscaling, habitat, impacts, spatial resolution, terrain, topography Received 19 April 2012 and accepted 18 September 2012 ...
... Keywords: biodiversity, California, climate change, downscaling, habitat, impacts, spatial resolution, terrain, topography Received 19 April 2012 and accepted 18 September 2012 ...
AVOID Workstream One
... breaching of several tipping points in the earth system is likely. • This would raise temperatures above 4C since many act as feedbacks and are not included in climate models presently • Breaching range of several key tipping points may occur at 3C • 2016 scenarios effective at avoiding entering thi ...
... breaching of several tipping points in the earth system is likely. • This would raise temperatures above 4C since many act as feedbacks and are not included in climate models presently • Breaching range of several key tipping points may occur at 3C • 2016 scenarios effective at avoiding entering thi ...
Submission PDF Communicating the deadly consequences of
... 2.7°C warming, respectively. The avoided impacts of mitigation are shown in the inset of Figure 3A by continuing the curves in the main plot to 4°C of global warming. Under these temperatures, CMIP5 HI reaches more than 75 times the reference value for . The possible consequences of these projection ...
... 2.7°C warming, respectively. The avoided impacts of mitigation are shown in the inset of Figure 3A by continuing the curves in the main plot to 4°C of global warming. Under these temperatures, CMIP5 HI reaches more than 75 times the reference value for . The possible consequences of these projection ...
The University of Miami`s Rosenstiel School of Marine and
... Retrieval from MODIS Measurements The two MODIS spectroradiometers on the NASA satellites Terra and Aqua take measurements in the infrared from which sea-‐surface temperature (SST) can be derived. The limit ...
... Retrieval from MODIS Measurements The two MODIS spectroradiometers on the NASA satellites Terra and Aqua take measurements in the infrared from which sea-‐surface temperature (SST) can be derived. The limit ...
Draft Resolution X - The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands
... [10. AWARE that potential funding mechanisms associated with REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) under the UNFCCC and elsewhere may have the potential to provide developing nations with significant funding for forest restoration activities that contribute to climate ...
... [10. AWARE that potential funding mechanisms associated with REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) under the UNFCCC and elsewhere may have the potential to provide developing nations with significant funding for forest restoration activities that contribute to climate ...
IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS)
... livelihood which provides direct employment to about 6 million fisher men and women and to another 6 million people who are employed in fishery related activities. The contribution of the fisheries to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is about 1.3 percent [2]. Fishing is an important economical sector in ...
... livelihood which provides direct employment to about 6 million fisher men and women and to another 6 million people who are employed in fishery related activities. The contribution of the fisheries to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is about 1.3 percent [2]. Fishing is an important economical sector in ...
Changes in the precipitation at Keszthely according to the
... Precipitation in Hungary and its possible changes in the future Trewartha – after viewing the climatic picture of the Earth – classified our country as a moderate-climate zone, as continental climate with longer warm period. This climate type has capricious temperature, and its seasonal and monthly ...
... Precipitation in Hungary and its possible changes in the future Trewartha – after viewing the climatic picture of the Earth – classified our country as a moderate-climate zone, as continental climate with longer warm period. This climate type has capricious temperature, and its seasonal and monthly ...
Interhemispheric Temperature Asymmetry over the
... The temperature contrast between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres—the interhemispheric temperature asymmetry (ITA)—is an emerging indicator of global climate change, potentially relevant to the Hadley circulation and tropical rainfall. The authors examine the ITA in historical observations and ...
... The temperature contrast between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres—the interhemispheric temperature asymmetry (ITA)—is an emerging indicator of global climate change, potentially relevant to the Hadley circulation and tropical rainfall. The authors examine the ITA in historical observations and ...
"Biological Impacts of Climate Change". In: Encyclopedia of Life
... is that patterns of climate strongly influence the distribution and abundances of living organisms. Climate describes weather patterns for a given location over an extended period of time (e.g. 10+ years). Climate is not just the average conditions of temperature and precipitation but also the season ...
... is that patterns of climate strongly influence the distribution and abundances of living organisms. Climate describes weather patterns for a given location over an extended period of time (e.g. 10+ years). Climate is not just the average conditions of temperature and precipitation but also the season ...
Trends and Variability in Snowmelt Runoff in the Western United
... As a starting point, and to be consistent with previous studies of SMR timing, linear trends in the CMDs for each of the 84 sites included in this study were computed. For most of the sites analyzed (79 sites), linear trends in CMDs (Fig. 3) indicate that the timing of SMR has become earlier (negati ...
... As a starting point, and to be consistent with previous studies of SMR timing, linear trends in the CMDs for each of the 84 sites included in this study were computed. For most of the sites analyzed (79 sites), linear trends in CMDs (Fig. 3) indicate that the timing of SMR has become earlier (negati ...
Predicting range expansion of the map butterfly in Northern Europe
... 2006) and that future projected climate change is expected to cause further range shifts of species (Berry et al. 2002; Midgley et al. 2003; Thomas et al. 2004; Thuiller et al. 2005). In northern Europe, species are generally predicted to move northwards to track the changing climate (Bakkenes et al ...
... 2006) and that future projected climate change is expected to cause further range shifts of species (Berry et al. 2002; Midgley et al. 2003; Thomas et al. 2004; Thuiller et al. 2005). In northern Europe, species are generally predicted to move northwards to track the changing climate (Bakkenes et al ...
2. Climate Change
... valley, or ria, inundated by a sea level rise of 120 metres that took place from the end of last Ice Age 18,000 years ago to about 4,000 B.C. Whilst we do not expect changes of that magnitude to take place in the coming century as a consequence of human-induced climate change caused by greenhouse ga ...
... valley, or ria, inundated by a sea level rise of 120 metres that took place from the end of last Ice Age 18,000 years ago to about 4,000 B.C. Whilst we do not expect changes of that magnitude to take place in the coming century as a consequence of human-induced climate change caused by greenhouse ga ...
Introduction - San Jose State University
... (b) Additionally, the year by year (blue curve) and 50 year average (black curve) variations of the average surface temperature of the Northern Hemisphere for the past 1000 years have been reconstructed from “proxy” data calibrated against thermometer data (see list of the main proxy data in the di ...
... (b) Additionally, the year by year (blue curve) and 50 year average (black curve) variations of the average surface temperature of the Northern Hemisphere for the past 1000 years have been reconstructed from “proxy” data calibrated against thermometer data (see list of the main proxy data in the di ...
PDF - SEEFOR – South
... Background and Purpose: Climate change is possibly the biggest 21st century challenge for the European forestry. Serbia is also under pressure, since the regions of South Europe and Mediterranean are expected to suffer the most. Main purpose of this study was to predict how distribution of several t ...
... Background and Purpose: Climate change is possibly the biggest 21st century challenge for the European forestry. Serbia is also under pressure, since the regions of South Europe and Mediterranean are expected to suffer the most. Main purpose of this study was to predict how distribution of several t ...
Limitations of integrated assessment models of climate change
... laws of nature. They are matters of convenience and convention, not deep structural features of human action (Laitner et al. 2000; Kahneman and Tversky 2000). The formulation of Eq. 1 does not include uncertainty about either the consequences of climate change or about the future growth of the econo ...
... laws of nature. They are matters of convenience and convention, not deep structural features of human action (Laitner et al. 2000; Kahneman and Tversky 2000). The formulation of Eq. 1 does not include uncertainty about either the consequences of climate change or about the future growth of the econo ...
Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) Drivers, Needs
... Green Climate Fund GEF 6 Climate-related ODA (Germany) International Climate Initiative (Germany) International Climate Fund (UK) Climate & Development Knowledge Network (UKAid and Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands) Nordic Environmental Finance Corporation (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, No ...
... Green Climate Fund GEF 6 Climate-related ODA (Germany) International Climate Initiative (Germany) International Climate Fund (UK) Climate & Development Knowledge Network (UKAid and Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands) Nordic Environmental Finance Corporation (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, No ...
When It Rains, It Pours: Future Climate Extremes and Health
... (particularly waterborne and vector-borne) disease transmission. Objective: To provide a state-of-the-science review on the health consequences of a changing climate. Findings: Environmental public health researchers have concluded that, on balance, adverse health outcomes will dominate under these ...
... (particularly waterborne and vector-borne) disease transmission. Objective: To provide a state-of-the-science review on the health consequences of a changing climate. Findings: Environmental public health researchers have concluded that, on balance, adverse health outcomes will dominate under these ...
The Disputed Science of
... The increased size of houses, growth in urban infrastructure and long-term inflation combine to dramatically increase the cost of repairs. The numerical frequences of reports of extreme events are also a poor guide because such events are now widely reported due to increased awareness and interest. ...
... The increased size of houses, growth in urban infrastructure and long-term inflation combine to dramatically increase the cost of repairs. The numerical frequences of reports of extreme events are also a poor guide because such events are now widely reported due to increased awareness and interest. ...
PDF file - Lincoln University
... The weather events reported occur all over New Zealand and it is difficult to judge which have the most significant impacts. Many destinations offer alternative activities for bad weather and report changes in the types of commercial activities (and to a lesser extent accommodation types) that benef ...
... The weather events reported occur all over New Zealand and it is difficult to judge which have the most significant impacts. Many destinations offer alternative activities for bad weather and report changes in the types of commercial activities (and to a lesser extent accommodation types) that benef ...
Thermal bioclimate analysis for Europe and Italy
... thermo-physiological values is needed in order to describe the effects of the thermal environment on humans. Several models and indices were developed to calculate the extent of thermal stress during the last decades. The earlier bioclimatic indices (Discomfort Index, Windchill, thermohygrometric ind ...
... thermo-physiological values is needed in order to describe the effects of the thermal environment on humans. Several models and indices were developed to calculate the extent of thermal stress during the last decades. The earlier bioclimatic indices (Discomfort Index, Windchill, thermohygrometric ind ...
Care for God`s Creation - Laboratory of Tree
... • “For this reason I share the growing concern caused by economic and political resistance to combatting the degradation of the environment. This problem was evident even recently, during the XV Session of the Conference of the States Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Cha ...
... • “For this reason I share the growing concern caused by economic and political resistance to combatting the degradation of the environment. This problem was evident even recently, during the XV Session of the Conference of the States Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Cha ...
Green Political Theory in a Climate Changed World
... Current proposals for reforms to global climate governance bring to mind the apocryphal tale of the Irish farmer who, asked the quickest route to Dublin, replies, ‘I wouldn’t start from here’. Many have surveyed the terrain – the increasing global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, lagging domestic pol ...
... Current proposals for reforms to global climate governance bring to mind the apocryphal tale of the Irish farmer who, asked the quickest route to Dublin, replies, ‘I wouldn’t start from here’. Many have surveyed the terrain – the increasing global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, lagging domestic pol ...
Multi-Model Projection of July–August Climate Extreme Changes
... Potential future changes of climate extremes under global warming have been of great concern to both the scientific community and society. Climate system models have played crucial roles in understanding and simulating past, present, and future climates (Zhou et al., 2007). Coordinated by the World ...
... Potential future changes of climate extremes under global warming have been of great concern to both the scientific community and society. Climate system models have played crucial roles in understanding and simulating past, present, and future climates (Zhou et al., 2007). Coordinated by the World ...
Climatic Research Unit documents
Climatic Research Unit documents including thousands of e-mails and other computer files were stolen from a server at the Climatic Research Unit of the University of East Anglia in a hacking incident in November 2009. The documents were redistributed first through the blogosphere of global warming skeptics, and allegations were made that they indicated misconduct by leading climate scientists. A series of investigations rejected these allegations, while concluding that CRU scientists should have been more open with distributing data and methods on request. Precisely six committees investigated the allegations and published reports, finding no evidence of fraud or scientific misconduct. The scientific consensus that global warming is occurring as a result of human activity remained unchanged by the end of the investigations.The incident occurred shortly before the opening December 2009 Copenhagen global climate summit. It has prompted general discussion about increasing the openness of scientific data (though the majority of climate data have always been freely available). Scientists, scientific organisations, and government officials have stated that the incident does not affect the overall scientific case for climate change. Andrew Revkin reported in the New York Times that ""The evidence pointing to a growing human contribution to global warming is so widely accepted that the hacked material is unlikely to erode the overall argument.""