Aalborg Universitet Rasmussen, Torben Valdbjørn
... (iii) Adaptation of the built environment to the future climate. In Danish society, buildings have a replacement value of approximately €1,600 to €1,850 billion. The value is determined in 2010 for the whole country based on built-up area (Statistics Denmark 2010) with a mean value of 2,400 €/m2. Th ...
... (iii) Adaptation of the built environment to the future climate. In Danish society, buildings have a replacement value of approximately €1,600 to €1,850 billion. The value is determined in 2010 for the whole country based on built-up area (Statistics Denmark 2010) with a mean value of 2,400 €/m2. Th ...
STRATEGIES FOR COPING WITH WEATHER CHANGES ADOPTED REGION HIGH SCHOOLS, SWAZILAND
... combustion, ozone depletion, animal agriculture and deforestation, which also influence climate change (Wikipedia, 2010). 1.3 Global Warming This is the increase in the average temperature of the earth’s near-surface air and oceans since the mid-twentieth century and its projected continuation. It i ...
... combustion, ozone depletion, animal agriculture and deforestation, which also influence climate change (Wikipedia, 2010). 1.3 Global Warming This is the increase in the average temperature of the earth’s near-surface air and oceans since the mid-twentieth century and its projected continuation. It i ...
Biogeosciences
... 2006, 1997; Carr et al., 2006). These methods have the advantage in that they provide large spatial and temporal coverage of vast ocean areas. Reference measurements from shipbased observations, however, are still sparse. Complex algorithms lead stepwise from ocean colour measurements to Chl concent ...
... 2006, 1997; Carr et al., 2006). These methods have the advantage in that they provide large spatial and temporal coverage of vast ocean areas. Reference measurements from shipbased observations, however, are still sparse. Complex algorithms lead stepwise from ocean colour measurements to Chl concent ...
Climate change and seafood safety: Human health implications
... Climate change impacts are expected to worsen over the next decades (Solomon et al., 2007). Model results indicate that even if greenhouse gas emissions are capped at present day levels, some warming will still occur because of the carbon dioxide that has already accumulated in the atmosphere. The e ...
... Climate change impacts are expected to worsen over the next decades (Solomon et al., 2007). Model results indicate that even if greenhouse gas emissions are capped at present day levels, some warming will still occur because of the carbon dioxide that has already accumulated in the atmosphere. The e ...
This Time is Different (opens in new window)
... states’ emissions reduction contributions will be “nationally-determined”, and are unlikely to be legally binding under international law. This is likely to enable the participation, and increase the ambition, of the largest, systemically important emitters, including China and the United States, an ...
... states’ emissions reduction contributions will be “nationally-determined”, and are unlikely to be legally binding under international law. This is likely to enable the participation, and increase the ambition, of the largest, systemically important emitters, including China and the United States, an ...
Adaptation and the poor: development, resilience and transition ■ synthesis article
... Development defies simple definitions due to its long post-war history of ideology, theory and practice rooted in ‘the Enlightenment’ and the ideas of the early nineteenth century. Methodologically, development implies both goals and means (Cowen and Shenton, 1996). If goals are expressed in long-te ...
... Development defies simple definitions due to its long post-war history of ideology, theory and practice rooted in ‘the Enlightenment’ and the ideas of the early nineteenth century. Methodologically, development implies both goals and means (Cowen and Shenton, 1996). If goals are expressed in long-te ...
biodiversity and climate change
... aim to minimise the rise in average global temperatures to 2°C. However, due to inertia in the climate system (the slow response to a change in emissions), impacts on biodiversity are inevitable. Along with the urgency of mitigation, adaptation measures are essential to deal with the consequences of ...
... aim to minimise the rise in average global temperatures to 2°C. However, due to inertia in the climate system (the slow response to a change in emissions), impacts on biodiversity are inevitable. Along with the urgency of mitigation, adaptation measures are essential to deal with the consequences of ...
Unresolved Issues in WTO Law
... • If both the domestic and imported products are substitutable inputs for domestic production and the foregone revenue confers a benefit, there could be a violation of SCM Agreement Article 3.1(b). • This could be the case if countries diverge in their regulation and reduction of carbon emissions, s ...
... • If both the domestic and imported products are substitutable inputs for domestic production and the foregone revenue confers a benefit, there could be a violation of SCM Agreement Article 3.1(b). • This could be the case if countries diverge in their regulation and reduction of carbon emissions, s ...
DICE 2013R - Yale Economics
... In this specification, R(t) is the discount factor, while the pure rate of social time preference, ρ , is the discount rate which provides the welfare weights on the utilities of different generations. We should add a note of interpretation of the equilibrium in the DICE model. We have specified the ...
... In this specification, R(t) is the discount factor, while the pure rate of social time preference, ρ , is the discount rate which provides the welfare weights on the utilities of different generations. We should add a note of interpretation of the equilibrium in the DICE model. We have specified the ...
Reshaping the Debate on Climate Change A lecture by Mary Robinson,
... even our best models. There are degrees of mismanagement and each further step we take into a world of climate unpredictability will bring in its wake an ever expanding group of likely victims. But the actual vulnerability of individuals in any given case will be ever less predictable. That takes me ...
... even our best models. There are degrees of mismanagement and each further step we take into a world of climate unpredictability will bring in its wake an ever expanding group of likely victims. But the actual vulnerability of individuals in any given case will be ever less predictable. That takes me ...
Print - Climate Change Knowledge Portal
... is clear that a destabilized climate system, together with other forms of environmental damage, will cause havoc more frequently, especially in already stressed and marginal environments such as those in Mali. Climate change is not just about average values, but rather a matter of extremes. The pred ...
... is clear that a destabilized climate system, together with other forms of environmental damage, will cause havoc more frequently, especially in already stressed and marginal environments such as those in Mali. Climate change is not just about average values, but rather a matter of extremes. The pred ...
Subglobal Regulation of the Global Commons: The Case of Climate
... ("[flailing back to national-scale intervention... invites free riding, holdouts, and inefficient spending of limited resources—and thus structural regulatory failure.... At least from a theoretical viewpoint, inherently global problems demand concerted worldwide action"); Sean T. Fox, Responding to ...
... ("[flailing back to national-scale intervention... invites free riding, holdouts, and inefficient spending of limited resources—and thus structural regulatory failure.... At least from a theoretical viewpoint, inherently global problems demand concerted worldwide action"); Sean T. Fox, Responding to ...
Roadmap to Zero Emissions
... confirms the necessity for immediate and sustained global action on climate change: we must remain well below the 2°C global average temperature threshold (above pre-industrial levels) to prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. From the IPCC’s 5th Assessment Report, a n ...
... confirms the necessity for immediate and sustained global action on climate change: we must remain well below the 2°C global average temperature threshold (above pre-industrial levels) to prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. From the IPCC’s 5th Assessment Report, a n ...
how will climate change affect tourism flows in europe?
... indicate that conditions will become more favourable for beach tourism across Europe. The conditions in northern Spain and the southern Atlantic coast of France improve significantly and come close to the conditions of the Mediterranean. For northern Europe, small to significant improvements in the ...
... indicate that conditions will become more favourable for beach tourism across Europe. The conditions in northern Spain and the southern Atlantic coast of France improve significantly and come close to the conditions of the Mediterranean. For northern Europe, small to significant improvements in the ...
Sea Level Rise - Parliament UK
... UK and the rest of the world. Due to uncertainty in the physical models used to make projections of climate change in the Fourth Assessment Report, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change specifies a model-based range of sea level rise, for each individual emission scenario. The range in the s ...
... UK and the rest of the world. Due to uncertainty in the physical models used to make projections of climate change in the Fourth Assessment Report, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change specifies a model-based range of sea level rise, for each individual emission scenario. The range in the s ...
Iceland`s Climate Change Strategy - Ministry for the Environment
... nearly all types of economic activity and come such a wide range of sources that it can be considered likely that they will continue to be significant for a long time, even if it is possible to reduce the amount emitted. It is also extremely difficult to affect some causes of GHG emissions — such as ...
... nearly all types of economic activity and come such a wide range of sources that it can be considered likely that they will continue to be significant for a long time, even if it is possible to reduce the amount emitted. It is also extremely difficult to affect some causes of GHG emissions — such as ...
Health & Safety – risk assessment
... due to the urban heat island effect Ref: Tony Chandler’s ‘The climate of London’ and… As cities grow, they impact local and regional climates, including temperature averages and extremes. Temperature changes affect urban dwellers in many ways, influencing their health and comfort, energy costs, air ...
... due to the urban heat island effect Ref: Tony Chandler’s ‘The climate of London’ and… As cities grow, they impact local and regional climates, including temperature averages and extremes. Temperature changes affect urban dwellers in many ways, influencing their health and comfort, energy costs, air ...
Corporate Disclosure of Climate Change-Related Information
... represent a small proportion of organisations’ overall carbon footprints. However, “other” indirect GHG emissions and value chain risks and impacts are rarely required by corporate climate change-related schemes. Furthermore, the identification and calculation of such emissions remains complex. Capa ...
... represent a small proportion of organisations’ overall carbon footprints. However, “other” indirect GHG emissions and value chain risks and impacts are rarely required by corporate climate change-related schemes. Furthermore, the identification and calculation of such emissions remains complex. Capa ...
The Community Climate System Model
... 1.25 K at the time of CO2 doubling, and 2 K at the time of CO2 tripling, consistent with a 2-K equilibrium temperature increase (for doubled CO2) simulated by the CCM3 coupled to a slab ocean. ...
... 1.25 K at the time of CO2 doubling, and 2 K at the time of CO2 tripling, consistent with a 2-K equilibrium temperature increase (for doubled CO2) simulated by the CCM3 coupled to a slab ocean. ...
Domestic Politics and Global Climate Policy
... constraints, such as the hurdles involved with the formal ratification of international treaties. In their work on negotiations about the deepening of European integration, Schneider (1994) as well as Schneider and Cederman (1994) propose a sequential game with incomplete information—that is, countr ...
... constraints, such as the hurdles involved with the formal ratification of international treaties. In their work on negotiations about the deepening of European integration, Schneider (1994) as well as Schneider and Cederman (1994) propose a sequential game with incomplete information—that is, countr ...
IPCC Asia - Climate Change and Food Security
... Rice is central to nutrition in Asia. In 1997, rice provided about 700 kilocalories per person per day or more for approximately 2.9 billion people, most of whom live in developing countries of Asia and Africa. During the 1990s, rice production and productivity in Asia grew at a much slower rate tha ...
... Rice is central to nutrition in Asia. In 1997, rice provided about 700 kilocalories per person per day or more for approximately 2.9 billion people, most of whom live in developing countries of Asia and Africa. During the 1990s, rice production and productivity in Asia grew at a much slower rate tha ...
Special Council Meeting - 3-5 February, 2010
... previous PIANGO management and recommended, amongst others, that in future, any transaction in excess of a said value must be done with the approval of the PIANGO Board. They further recommended financial reporting be done on a regular monthly basis and reviewed by the interim Executive Director. Au ...
... previous PIANGO management and recommended, amongst others, that in future, any transaction in excess of a said value must be done with the approval of the PIANGO Board. They further recommended financial reporting be done on a regular monthly basis and reviewed by the interim Executive Director. Au ...
Miocene tectonics and climate forcing of biodiversity, western United
... faunas are likely. This model implies, however, that layer-specific faunal assemblages should be correlated with warm versus cold or wet versus dry climates, and that diversity reflects an area’s carrying capacity, not rates of origination, extinction, or immigration. In our model, these latter proc ...
... faunas are likely. This model implies, however, that layer-specific faunal assemblages should be correlated with warm versus cold or wet versus dry climates, and that diversity reflects an area’s carrying capacity, not rates of origination, extinction, or immigration. In our model, these latter proc ...
Program Kampung Iklim ~ ProKlim - LCS-RNet
... • There is a need to quantify adaptation and mitigation action, as well as quantification of its benefit for the community including their contribution for meeting the 26%-emission reduction target in 2020 compare to business as usual – GHG inventory in local-level (ProKlim’s coverage area); – Proje ...
... • There is a need to quantify adaptation and mitigation action, as well as quantification of its benefit for the community including their contribution for meeting the 26%-emission reduction target in 2020 compare to business as usual – GHG inventory in local-level (ProKlim’s coverage area); – Proje ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""