PDF
... know and therefore …”. Rather, it surveys the missing climate change impact estimates, speculates why we should worry about them, and sketches what research will need to be done to quantify these impacts. I do not adopt a more risk averse, or prudent, or precautionary standpoint because there is a l ...
... know and therefore …”. Rather, it surveys the missing climate change impact estimates, speculates why we should worry about them, and sketches what research will need to be done to quantify these impacts. I do not adopt a more risk averse, or prudent, or precautionary standpoint because there is a l ...
14 Climate change: science and the precautionary principle
... (CFCs) and the ozone-hole, X-rays and acid rain. This decision was taken despite the then widespread acceptance that 'the balance of evidence suggests a discernible human influence on global climate' (IPCC, 1995a). Over a decade later and after two more reviews by the Intergovernmental Panel on Clim ...
... (CFCs) and the ozone-hole, X-rays and acid rain. This decision was taken despite the then widespread acceptance that 'the balance of evidence suggests a discernible human influence on global climate' (IPCC, 1995a). Over a decade later and after two more reviews by the Intergovernmental Panel on Clim ...
- Energy
... change are highly uncertain. The Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, WGI, 2007) has pointed once again to myriad gaps in our understanding of the contingent and nonlinear interactions between global climate change, regional land changes, and human v ...
... change are highly uncertain. The Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, WGI, 2007) has pointed once again to myriad gaps in our understanding of the contingent and nonlinear interactions between global climate change, regional land changes, and human v ...
Technical Description of Climate Change Research Programme (CCRP) Call for Fellowships
... Ireland’s response to climate change is described in the National Climate Change Strategy (NCCS) published in 2007 (www.environ.ie). The NCCS highlights a number of objectives for climate change research. The Environmental Protection Agency’s Climate Change Research Programme, (CCRP) is developing a ...
... Ireland’s response to climate change is described in the National Climate Change Strategy (NCCS) published in 2007 (www.environ.ie). The NCCS highlights a number of objectives for climate change research. The Environmental Protection Agency’s Climate Change Research Programme, (CCRP) is developing a ...
IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS)
... Climate change is defined a change in the statistical properties of the climate system in particular region when considered over long periods of time, regardless of cause. Beside according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), climate change refers to any change in climate over ti ...
... Climate change is defined a change in the statistical properties of the climate system in particular region when considered over long periods of time, regardless of cause. Beside according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), climate change refers to any change in climate over ti ...
Consequences of climate change for biogeochemical cycling in
... twentieth century. Using a new statistical downscaling technique and simulations of twenty-first century climate from atmosphere–ocean general circulation models (AOGCMs) from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report, Hayhoe et al. (2007, 2008) developed climate change ...
... twentieth century. Using a new statistical downscaling technique and simulations of twenty-first century climate from atmosphere–ocean general circulation models (AOGCMs) from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report, Hayhoe et al. (2007, 2008) developed climate change ...
PDF file - UCSB Earth Science
... catchment area of 22.875 km2 resulting in a mean annual discharge of 2.6 km3 [20]. Though it enters into the western tropical Atlantic around 60 km southwest of the core location, its current effect on ocean salinity variation is negligible [19]. Thus, hydrographic conditions of the near surface lay ...
... catchment area of 22.875 km2 resulting in a mean annual discharge of 2.6 km3 [20]. Though it enters into the western tropical Atlantic around 60 km southwest of the core location, its current effect on ocean salinity variation is negligible [19]. Thus, hydrographic conditions of the near surface lay ...
climate change at risk - WWF
... 400,000 years. It is no longer credible to claim that there is major debate around the fact of human-driven climate change. Human-driven climate change is here now and is already changing our lives. The earth’s biological systems have responded even to the minimal warming seen so far. Among numerous ...
... 400,000 years. It is no longer credible to claim that there is major debate around the fact of human-driven climate change. Human-driven climate change is here now and is already changing our lives. The earth’s biological systems have responded even to the minimal warming seen so far. Among numerous ...
Life history and spatial traits predict extinction risk due to climate
... variable (occupied area) and a demographic variable (generation length). The form of the interactions between variables is also informative. For example, although extinction risk due to climate change is highest when occupied area is small, the risk is lower when small occupied area is combined with ...
... variable (occupied area) and a demographic variable (generation length). The form of the interactions between variables is also informative. For example, although extinction risk due to climate change is highest when occupied area is small, the risk is lower when small occupied area is combined with ...
Behaviour Change - Appendix A
... climate change and another list of initiatives within the county sponsored by HCC or within which it participates. Copies of both are available upon request. We were also given a long list of contacts. These were made available for stakeholder interviews and a good number were followed up in opening ...
... climate change and another list of initiatives within the county sponsored by HCC or within which it participates. Copies of both are available upon request. We were also given a long list of contacts. These were made available for stakeholder interviews and a good number were followed up in opening ...
Pan-Arctic Climate and Land Cover Trends Derived from Multi
... climate system and are influenced by changes in temperature and precipitation regimes, as well as snow and vegetation dynamics. Temperature conditions in the arctic regions have never been as high, compared to the last 300 years [1]. Predictions from climate models forecast a significant increase in ...
... climate system and are influenced by changes in temperature and precipitation regimes, as well as snow and vegetation dynamics. Temperature conditions in the arctic regions have never been as high, compared to the last 300 years [1]. Predictions from climate models forecast a significant increase in ...
WSB 8/5/1 Task Group Climate page 1 Agenda Item: 5 Subject
... Wadden Sea region may increase among 2.0 and 4.7 degrees Celsius until the end of this century. Water temperatures in the Wadden Sea are already increasing and are expected to increase further. Due to the high uncertainty regarding the magnitude and direction of the above climate change aspects, as ...
... Wadden Sea region may increase among 2.0 and 4.7 degrees Celsius until the end of this century. Water temperatures in the Wadden Sea are already increasing and are expected to increase further. Due to the high uncertainty regarding the magnitude and direction of the above climate change aspects, as ...
Climate Change and Water Resources in the Tropical Andes
... results suggest a substantial warming of 5–6 °Celsius in many parts of the Andes under an A2 scenario by the end of the century. The largest warming is projected for the highest elevations in the Cordillera Blanca region, Peru. In the lower emission B2 scenario, the surface warming is about half the ...
... results suggest a substantial warming of 5–6 °Celsius in many parts of the Andes under an A2 scenario by the end of the century. The largest warming is projected for the highest elevations in the Cordillera Blanca region, Peru. In the lower emission B2 scenario, the surface warming is about half the ...
Evolutionary response of the egg hatching date of LETTERS *
... adaptive response in insect phenology. These genetic changes in a key life-history trait in this herbivorous insect therefore seem to be fast enough to match the climate-change-induced advancement of their host phenology. Many organisms now face rapidly changing environmental conditions, due to anth ...
... adaptive response in insect phenology. These genetic changes in a key life-history trait in this herbivorous insect therefore seem to be fast enough to match the climate-change-induced advancement of their host phenology. Many organisms now face rapidly changing environmental conditions, due to anth ...
Why Scientists Disagree About Global Warming
... on the authors’ previous work. This book is based on a chapter in a forthcoming much larger examination of the climate change debate to be titled Climate Change Reconsidered II: Benefits and Costs of Fossil Fuels. That volume will finish the three-volume Climate Change Reconsidered II series, totali ...
... on the authors’ previous work. This book is based on a chapter in a forthcoming much larger examination of the climate change debate to be titled Climate Change Reconsidered II: Benefits and Costs of Fossil Fuels. That volume will finish the three-volume Climate Change Reconsidered II series, totali ...
UNFCCC, the Kyoto Protocol, and the WTO – Brewing Conflicts or
... in our minds. Extensive climate changes may alter and threaten the living conditions of much of mankind. They may induce large-scale migration and lead to greater competition for the earth’s resources. Such changes will place particularly heavy burdens on the world’s most vulnerable countries. There ...
... in our minds. Extensive climate changes may alter and threaten the living conditions of much of mankind. They may induce large-scale migration and lead to greater competition for the earth’s resources. Such changes will place particularly heavy burdens on the world’s most vulnerable countries. There ...
ENSEMBLES_DoW_vn.4_RT5_and_RT6_overview
... EMULATE project (FP5), which builds on earlier EU projects such as WASA and IMPROVE, seeks to extend continent-wide analysis back to the mid-19th century, providing 150 years of gridded data, but only for surface air pressure and not for key variables, such as temperature and precipitation. The use ...
... EMULATE project (FP5), which builds on earlier EU projects such as WASA and IMPROVE, seeks to extend continent-wide analysis back to the mid-19th century, providing 150 years of gridded data, but only for surface air pressure and not for key variables, such as temperature and precipitation. The use ...
climate change and ocean acidification
... greenhouse gases, mostly, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). Since the start of the Industrial Era (1750 onwards), anthropogenic activities have resulted in increased concentrations of greenhouse gases and it is now virtually certain (for clarification on the language of ce ...
... greenhouse gases, mostly, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). Since the start of the Industrial Era (1750 onwards), anthropogenic activities have resulted in increased concentrations of greenhouse gases and it is now virtually certain (for clarification on the language of ce ...
carbon neutral adelaide - Climate change in South Australia
... will demonstrate our capability, enhance new-economy jobs and industries, export our clean products and services to the world and enrich the liveability of our city. Our shared vision for the city is a substantial task that will require changes to be made to metropolitan Adelaide’s transport and was ...
... will demonstrate our capability, enhance new-economy jobs and industries, export our clean products and services to the world and enrich the liveability of our city. Our shared vision for the city is a substantial task that will require changes to be made to metropolitan Adelaide’s transport and was ...
Paving_the_Road_to_Paris_v2
... above pre-industrial times by 2100, down from 3.1C estimated last December.”1 In Paris, mitigation, adaptation, finance, and technology are all on the table. There is no room for complacency; every possible effort will be required for success and a wrong step by the hosts, chairs and facilitators or ...
... above pre-industrial times by 2100, down from 3.1C estimated last December.”1 In Paris, mitigation, adaptation, finance, and technology are all on the table. There is no room for complacency; every possible effort will be required for success and a wrong step by the hosts, chairs and facilitators or ...
Taking Climate Change by Storm: Theorizing Global and Local Policy-Making in
... coordination problems, the science of climate change has a much higher degree of uncertainty. These trends are even more accentuated with respect to the scientific understanding of extreme climate events and the likelihood of political coordination at various scales. The main contribution of this Ar ...
... coordination problems, the science of climate change has a much higher degree of uncertainty. These trends are even more accentuated with respect to the scientific understanding of extreme climate events and the likelihood of political coordination at various scales. The main contribution of this Ar ...
Problems with making and governing global kinds of knowledge
... deeply ambiguous with regard to ‘allowable’ emissions of greenhouse gases and other forcing agents. And it is increasingly recognised as severely limiting the framing and goals of scientific enquiry. Stott and Thorne (2010: 158) have recently observed that the late twentieth century effort of constru ...
... deeply ambiguous with regard to ‘allowable’ emissions of greenhouse gases and other forcing agents. And it is increasingly recognised as severely limiting the framing and goals of scientific enquiry. Stott and Thorne (2010: 158) have recently observed that the late twentieth century effort of constru ...
PREPARING FOR CLIMATIC CHANGE: THE WATER, SALMON, AND
... its irregular period is several decades; in the 20th century, PDO tended to stay in one phase or the other for 20 to 30 years at a time. PDO is also much less well understood than ENSO, in part because its period is so long relative to the history of reliable records that only two complete oscillati ...
... its irregular period is several decades; in the 20th century, PDO tended to stay in one phase or the other for 20 to 30 years at a time. PDO is also much less well understood than ENSO, in part because its period is so long relative to the history of reliable records that only two complete oscillati ...
The Mesoamerican Reef
... Lopez-Galvez, I. (n.d.). Prioritization of Coastal and Marine Protected Areas in the Mesoamerican Reef Region. MAR Fund. Retrieved June 27, 2011, from www.marfund.org/en/documentlibrary/2.priorizationcoastalandmarineprotectedareas.pdf Morgan, J., Heron, S., Eakin, M., McField, M., Bood, N., Fonseca, ...
... Lopez-Galvez, I. (n.d.). Prioritization of Coastal and Marine Protected Areas in the Mesoamerican Reef Region. MAR Fund. Retrieved June 27, 2011, from www.marfund.org/en/documentlibrary/2.priorizationcoastalandmarineprotectedareas.pdf Morgan, J., Heron, S., Eakin, M., McField, M., Bood, N., Fonseca, ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""