how does the theologizing of physics contribute to - Philsci
... Like most scientific models or theories that are at the center of an active and growing research field worked in by thousands of scientists all over the world, global climate models have been criticized, adjusted, evaluated and refined throughout their 40 year history. While acknowledging both weakn ...
... Like most scientific models or theories that are at the center of an active and growing research field worked in by thousands of scientists all over the world, global climate models have been criticized, adjusted, evaluated and refined throughout their 40 year history. While acknowledging both weakn ...
Urban Transit Systems and Conditions of Enhanced Climate Variability
... trend over the period 1901–2010, based on tide gauge records and additionally from satellite data since 1993. It is very likely that the mean rate of sea level rise was 1.7 [1.5 to 1.9] mm yr–1 between 1901 and 2010. Between 1993 and 2010, the rate was very likely higher at 3.2 [2.8 to 3.6] mm yr–1; ...
... trend over the period 1901–2010, based on tide gauge records and additionally from satellite data since 1993. It is very likely that the mean rate of sea level rise was 1.7 [1.5 to 1.9] mm yr–1 between 1901 and 2010. Between 1993 and 2010, the rate was very likely higher at 3.2 [2.8 to 3.6] mm yr–1; ...
The scientific and international context for the fifth
... to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by at least 80% below 1990 levels. It follows on from the first four legislated carbon budgets, which were set on the basis that UK emissions are reduced by at least 50% in 2025 relative to 1990 (25% relative to 2014). The advice must take into account criteria set ...
... to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by at least 80% below 1990 levels. It follows on from the first four legislated carbon budgets, which were set on the basis that UK emissions are reduced by at least 50% in 2025 relative to 1990 (25% relative to 2014). The advice must take into account criteria set ...
Climate Change as a Regulator of Tectonics on Venus
... plains units was more than 100 My (Fig. 3) and that the eruptions that produced the younger plains did not perturb the climate to the extent depicted in Fig. 2. There is reason to expect a strong coupling between the evolution of climate on Venus, the history of large volcanic eruptions, and the sta ...
... plains units was more than 100 My (Fig. 3) and that the eruptions that produced the younger plains did not perturb the climate to the extent depicted in Fig. 2. There is reason to expect a strong coupling between the evolution of climate on Venus, the history of large volcanic eruptions, and the sta ...
New Zealand`s Journey toward a Low-Emission Future
... ocean have warmed, the amounts of snow and ice have diminished, sea level has risen, and the concentrations of greenhouse gases have increased. (ii) Total radiative forcing is positive, and has led to an uptake of energy by the climate system. The largest contribution to total radiative forcing is ...
... ocean have warmed, the amounts of snow and ice have diminished, sea level has risen, and the concentrations of greenhouse gases have increased. (ii) Total radiative forcing is positive, and has led to an uptake of energy by the climate system. The largest contribution to total radiative forcing is ...
Climate Ready Stirling
... Climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing society. Warming of global climate systems can already be seen in increased air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice and sea level rise. The temperature increase is widespread across the planet and is greatest at higher no ...
... Climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing society. Warming of global climate systems can already be seen in increased air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice and sea level rise. The temperature increase is widespread across the planet and is greatest at higher no ...
Report on Greenpeace NZ Campaign to Raise
... fauna to flourish, and our human population to grow significantly. However, in more recent years, particular during the last five to ten decades the climate balance has been upset due mainly to industrialisation, which has caused an increase in the amount of the amount of greenhouse gases (mainly ca ...
... fauna to flourish, and our human population to grow significantly. However, in more recent years, particular during the last five to ten decades the climate balance has been upset due mainly to industrialisation, which has caused an increase in the amount of the amount of greenhouse gases (mainly ca ...
Rapid Climate Change in the Arctic: Polar Research as a
... The rapid climate change occurring in the Arctic and how it affects non-Arctic regions is no longer a topic just for scientists. The changes in the ocean ice and current conditions of the Arctic are affecting the global climate and Europe in particular. The processes at work are the result of a comp ...
... The rapid climate change occurring in the Arctic and how it affects non-Arctic regions is no longer a topic just for scientists. The changes in the ocean ice and current conditions of the Arctic are affecting the global climate and Europe in particular. The processes at work are the result of a comp ...
Preliminary research of carbon-sink effect of Tianjin’s wetlands system in... context of global climate change
... Wetlands system is the second most important carbonsink other than forests system in lithosphere. Wetlands not only provide safe habitat for endangered animals and plants, but also serve as life support systems for regional ecological security pattern. Studies have shown that 35% of the terrestrial ...
... Wetlands system is the second most important carbonsink other than forests system in lithosphere. Wetlands not only provide safe habitat for endangered animals and plants, but also serve as life support systems for regional ecological security pattern. Studies have shown that 35% of the terrestrial ...
Climate change adaptation in Scotland Indicator
... Information on the status of snow-bed mosses and liverworts (bryophytes) provides one example we can use to understand the risk that generalist species may be more able to cope with climate change than specialist species. Snow bed vegetation found in Scottish mountain ranges includes species of bryo ...
... Information on the status of snow-bed mosses and liverworts (bryophytes) provides one example we can use to understand the risk that generalist species may be more able to cope with climate change than specialist species. Snow bed vegetation found in Scottish mountain ranges includes species of bryo ...
Forced migration: a new challenge
... 20. Food insecurity is a problem already affecting the world’s most vulnerable populations; however, it is also a common symptom of inadequate resettlement policy and a consequence of slowonset climate change. Being uprooted from a habitual place of residence increases a community’s risk of sufferin ...
... 20. Food insecurity is a problem already affecting the world’s most vulnerable populations; however, it is also a common symptom of inadequate resettlement policy and a consequence of slowonset climate change. Being uprooted from a habitual place of residence increases a community’s risk of sufferin ...
national sweater day - WWF
... If all Canadians lowered their thermostats by just two degrees Celsius, it would reduce greenhouse gas emissions by about four megatons — the same as shutting down one 600 megawatt coal-fired power station. That’s why we’re turning down the heat on February 2nd. Don’t forget your sweater! Heating m ...
... If all Canadians lowered their thermostats by just two degrees Celsius, it would reduce greenhouse gas emissions by about four megatons — the same as shutting down one 600 megawatt coal-fired power station. That’s why we’re turning down the heat on February 2nd. Don’t forget your sweater! Heating m ...
Modelling forest growth and carbon storage in response to
... some of the feed-backs between the carbon, water and nutrient cycles, but in order to apply these models to simulations for the whole globe, several simplifications usually had to be made. It is not clear to what extent these simplifications may have introduced unintended spurious results that do no ...
... some of the feed-backs between the carbon, water and nutrient cycles, but in order to apply these models to simulations for the whole globe, several simplifications usually had to be made. It is not clear to what extent these simplifications may have introduced unintended spurious results that do no ...
A consistent poleward shift of the storm tracks in simulations of 21st
... understanding how and why they will change in the future. [19] Acknowledgments. This work was supported by NOAA Cooperative Agreement No. NA17GP1376. The National Center for Atmospheric Research is supported by the National Science Foundation. I would like to thank J. Hurrell for advice on this work ...
... understanding how and why they will change in the future. [19] Acknowledgments. This work was supported by NOAA Cooperative Agreement No. NA17GP1376. The National Center for Atmospheric Research is supported by the National Science Foundation. I would like to thank J. Hurrell for advice on this work ...
Understanding the Social Cost of Carbon
... © 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. ...
... © 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES UNCERTAINTY AND DECISION IN CLIMATE CHANGE ECONOMICS
... Climate sensitivity is a very coarse measure of the magnitude of the climate problem – on its own, it doesn’t tell us much about when and where changes are likely to occur. The main contributors to uncertainty in temperature projections differ by the lead time of the prediction, and even by geograph ...
... Climate sensitivity is a very coarse measure of the magnitude of the climate problem – on its own, it doesn’t tell us much about when and where changes are likely to occur. The main contributors to uncertainty in temperature projections differ by the lead time of the prediction, and even by geograph ...
Tipping elements and climate-economic shocks: Pathways toward
... “There are many concerns about catastrophic impacts of climate change,” they wrote. “Among the potential severe events are a sharp rise in sea level, shifting monsoons, a runaway greenhouse effect, collapse of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, and changing ocean currents that would have a major cooling ...
... “There are many concerns about catastrophic impacts of climate change,” they wrote. “Among the potential severe events are a sharp rise in sea level, shifting monsoons, a runaway greenhouse effect, collapse of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, and changing ocean currents that would have a major cooling ...
Confronting Climate Change in New Mexico
... foothills of the southern Rocky Mountains (Meddens, Hicke, and Ferguson 2012). While mature pine trees live hundreds of years and have experienced severe drought before, this drought was associated with much hotter temperatures than those in the past, in large part due to a changing climate (Adams e ...
... foothills of the southern Rocky Mountains (Meddens, Hicke, and Ferguson 2012). While mature pine trees live hundreds of years and have experienced severe drought before, this drought was associated with much hotter temperatures than those in the past, in large part due to a changing climate (Adams e ...
aapg-san-antonio-peterson
... Models with and without human produced climate forcings reveal: • “Most of the observed increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations” (IPCC 2007). ...
... Models with and without human produced climate forcings reveal: • “Most of the observed increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations” (IPCC 2007). ...
Climate Change in Nuiqsut, Alaska
... has local implications and communities seek adaptive strategies that encourage wellness and sustainability. The North Slope of Alaska is characterized by permafrost and ice. The wildlife, vegetation and people have specially adapted to live in an environment that is mostly cold and frozen. But becau ...
... has local implications and communities seek adaptive strategies that encourage wellness and sustainability. The North Slope of Alaska is characterized by permafrost and ice. The wildlife, vegetation and people have specially adapted to live in an environment that is mostly cold and frozen. But becau ...
Should we believe model predictions of future climate
... variable (e.g. temperature, precipitation, sea ice, or sea-level rise) and the statistic (i.e. the mean of a quantity, its trend, the change in variability or extremes) in which we are interested. In this paper, rather than providing a final answer (which is unlikely to exist) or attempting to put a ...
... variable (e.g. temperature, precipitation, sea ice, or sea-level rise) and the statistic (i.e. the mean of a quantity, its trend, the change in variability or extremes) in which we are interested. In this paper, rather than providing a final answer (which is unlikely to exist) or attempting to put a ...
air traffic controls: the hidden costs of a new london runway
... London, the UK is set to exceed its aviation emissions target by 25%.6 This allows for changes that had been planned at Birmingham, Luton and Manchester airports in 2012 to be completed by 2020. Therefore, the UK already faces a challenge to reduce its aviation emissions below the level they would r ...
... London, the UK is set to exceed its aviation emissions target by 25%.6 This allows for changes that had been planned at Birmingham, Luton and Manchester airports in 2012 to be completed by 2020. Therefore, the UK already faces a challenge to reduce its aviation emissions below the level they would r ...
Acceleration technique for Milankovitch type forcing in a coupled
... survey is concerned with the middle to late Holocene, which can be considered as a relatively stable period, wherein rapid climate events were absent (Grootes et al. 1993, Clark et al. 2002). The temperature evolution of the Holocene is also important in light of recent climate change. The new third ...
... survey is concerned with the middle to late Holocene, which can be considered as a relatively stable period, wherein rapid climate events were absent (Grootes et al. 1993, Clark et al. 2002). The temperature evolution of the Holocene is also important in light of recent climate change. The new third ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""