PDF
... The IMPACT model was originally developed by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) for projecting global food supply, food demand, and food security to 2020 and beyond.4 It analyzes 32 crop and livestock commodities in 281 regions of the world that together cover the earth’s land ...
... The IMPACT model was originally developed by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) for projecting global food supply, food demand, and food security to 2020 and beyond.4 It analyzes 32 crop and livestock commodities in 281 regions of the world that together cover the earth’s land ...
antigua and barbuda
... projections from a Regional Climate Model (RCM) indicate more rapid increases in temperatures over Antigua and Barbuda compared to the Global Climate Model (GCM), as the improved spatial resolution in ...
... projections from a Regional Climate Model (RCM) indicate more rapid increases in temperatures over Antigua and Barbuda compared to the Global Climate Model (GCM), as the improved spatial resolution in ...
The Recent Trend and Variance Increase of the
... squares fit, the parameter a is varied until a minimum is obtained in S i [ f r (v i ) 2 2 f (v i ) 2 ]. For determining the confidence levels, 78 degrees of freedom are used for each spectral estimate, where it has been assumed that there are approximately two degrees of freedom for each seasonal p ...
... squares fit, the parameter a is varied until a minimum is obtained in S i [ f r (v i ) 2 2 f (v i ) 2 ]. For determining the confidence levels, 78 degrees of freedom are used for each spectral estimate, where it has been assumed that there are approximately two degrees of freedom for each seasonal p ...
Print - Climate Change Knowledge Portal
... According to the National Adaptation Programme of Action, a shift in the rainy season has been observed, which can begin up to 30 days later than usual. When there is a delay, the rainy season is punctuated by waves of drought, which interrupt crop growth. Likewise, heat waves are now common in all ...
... According to the National Adaptation Programme of Action, a shift in the rainy season has been observed, which can begin up to 30 days later than usual. When there is a delay, the rainy season is punctuated by waves of drought, which interrupt crop growth. Likewise, heat waves are now common in all ...
Project Document for WP (Part 1)
... Inventory, including its comparison with the 1990 inventory, was published in November 1998. Again, emission factors were largely taken by default leading to larger uncertainty in the Agriculture, Land Use Change, Forestry and Waste Management sectors. As in the first inventory, emissions from solve ...
... Inventory, including its comparison with the 1990 inventory, was published in November 1998. Again, emission factors were largely taken by default leading to larger uncertainty in the Agriculture, Land Use Change, Forestry and Waste Management sectors. As in the first inventory, emissions from solve ...
SAEON Fynbos Node Science Plan: 2016 – 2018
... relatively few highly speciose lineages that have diversified such that most are represented in almost all major communities, resulting in relatively homogenous vegetation physiognomy and function across the region. Consequently, perhaps more so than anywhere else in the world, understanding the cur ...
... relatively few highly speciose lineages that have diversified such that most are represented in almost all major communities, resulting in relatively homogenous vegetation physiognomy and function across the region. Consequently, perhaps more so than anywhere else in the world, understanding the cur ...
file
... society, writes Sven Kullander, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. According to studies carried out within the Academy’s energy committee, it is esti mated that carbon dioxide emissions from fossil energy sources could be reduced from the current figure of 28 billion tonnes per year to 20 billion t ...
... society, writes Sven Kullander, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. According to studies carried out within the Academy’s energy committee, it is esti mated that carbon dioxide emissions from fossil energy sources could be reduced from the current figure of 28 billion tonnes per year to 20 billion t ...
Working with nature, for people - European Commission
... and information service published by the European Commission’s Directorate-General Environment, which provides the latest environmental policyrelevant research findings. Science for Environment Policy publishes a weekly News Alert which is delivered by email to subscribers and provides accessible su ...
... and information service published by the European Commission’s Directorate-General Environment, which provides the latest environmental policyrelevant research findings. Science for Environment Policy publishes a weekly News Alert which is delivered by email to subscribers and provides accessible su ...
Comparison of Energy-Related CO Emissions Between China and the U.S.
... on the basis of improve energy efficiency and energy structure. Keywords: CO2 emissions per unit square land, external influences, energy saving and emission reduction ...
... on the basis of improve energy efficiency and energy structure. Keywords: CO2 emissions per unit square land, external influences, energy saving and emission reduction ...
Resource Guide to NGO Climate Adaptation Resources and Tools
... system of resources that state fish and wildlife managers can and should be able to utilize in conservation planning, including in the revision of State Wildlife Action Plans. The Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (AFWA) has cited the need for greater understanding of the freely available re ...
... system of resources that state fish and wildlife managers can and should be able to utilize in conservation planning, including in the revision of State Wildlife Action Plans. The Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (AFWA) has cited the need for greater understanding of the freely available re ...
Transport - British Social Attitudes
... sector will need to play a major part. Although GHG emissions from the sector peaked in 2007, and have since returned to roughly their 1990 levels, there is still a long way to go. Achieving a significant transformation will require strong action to ‘decarbonise’ transport, including the further dev ...
... sector will need to play a major part. Although GHG emissions from the sector peaked in 2007, and have since returned to roughly their 1990 levels, there is still a long way to go. Achieving a significant transformation will require strong action to ‘decarbonise’ transport, including the further dev ...
Understanding land surface response to changing South Asian
... investigated by performing two long-term simulation experiments, with and without anthropogenic forcing, using a variable resolution global climate model having high-resolution zooming over the South Asian region. The present results indicate that anthropogenic effects have considerably influenced t ...
... investigated by performing two long-term simulation experiments, with and without anthropogenic forcing, using a variable resolution global climate model having high-resolution zooming over the South Asian region. The present results indicate that anthropogenic effects have considerably influenced t ...
“Duck Factory” of North America - American Meteorological Society
... oscillation, are the drivers of climate in the region. Whether there are sources of predictability is important to land managers and wildlife biologists hoping to make predictions in the next year and beyond. We therefore will analyze whether the recent wet trend is due to natural variability or may ...
... oscillation, are the drivers of climate in the region. Whether there are sources of predictability is important to land managers and wildlife biologists hoping to make predictions in the next year and beyond. We therefore will analyze whether the recent wet trend is due to natural variability or may ...
Climate change impacts on the livestock sector
... not yet find compelling evidence on social costs in terms of increased greenhouse gases from management changes, though the impacts of diffuse pollution to water may warrant further investigation in terms of linking waste generation to water quality objectives in specific receiving waters. Neverthel ...
... not yet find compelling evidence on social costs in terms of increased greenhouse gases from management changes, though the impacts of diffuse pollution to water may warrant further investigation in terms of linking waste generation to water quality objectives in specific receiving waters. Neverthel ...
Market and policy driven adaptation: an alternative perspective. Smart Solutions to Climate Change (opens in new window)
... Even over the longer term it looks pretty certain that the world will have to adapt to climate change of at best 2◦ C. There are few realistic policy scenarios that entail equilibrium warming of less than that. Both a 2◦ C world and the temperature changes already committed to will require considera ...
... Even over the longer term it looks pretty certain that the world will have to adapt to climate change of at best 2◦ C. There are few realistic policy scenarios that entail equilibrium warming of less than that. Both a 2◦ C world and the temperature changes already committed to will require considera ...
PDF
... The UMRB has a drainage area of 431,000 km2 up to the point just before confluence of the Missouri and Mississippi Rivers (near Grafton, Illinois) and covers parts of seven states: Minnesota, Wisconsin, South Dakota, Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, and Indiana (Figure 1). Land cover in the basin is divers ...
... The UMRB has a drainage area of 431,000 km2 up to the point just before confluence of the Missouri and Mississippi Rivers (near Grafton, Illinois) and covers parts of seven states: Minnesota, Wisconsin, South Dakota, Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, and Indiana (Figure 1). Land cover in the basin is divers ...
Downloadable Full Text - DSpace@MIT
... particular, are favored in high shear environments. Moist enthalpy, combining temperature and moisture content, near Earth’s surface has been increasing in recent decades (Peterson et al. 2011). By itself, this would lead to an increase in thunderstorms, but changes above Earth’s surface could reduc ...
... particular, are favored in high shear environments. Moist enthalpy, combining temperature and moisture content, near Earth’s surface has been increasing in recent decades (Peterson et al. 2011). By itself, this would lead to an increase in thunderstorms, but changes above Earth’s surface could reduc ...
as a PDF
... the most important factor associated with the generalized increase in defoliation occurring during 1987–2006 (SI Appendix, Table S4). Associations with drought-related variables were significant and strongest in species distributed in more xeric areas (Fig. 3A). To more precisely assess how drought c ...
... the most important factor associated with the generalized increase in defoliation occurring during 1987–2006 (SI Appendix, Table S4). Associations with drought-related variables were significant and strongest in species distributed in more xeric areas (Fig. 3A). To more precisely assess how drought c ...
First Year Booklet 2016-17
... The production of oil gives rise to enormous wealth. In some countries, such as Venezuela and Norway, oil production is closely tied to national social welfare agendas, whilst in others it is an overtly messy and conflict-endorsing venture. The staggering influx of oil monies often readily capture ...
... The production of oil gives rise to enormous wealth. In some countries, such as Venezuela and Norway, oil production is closely tied to national social welfare agendas, whilst in others it is an overtly messy and conflict-endorsing venture. The staggering influx of oil monies often readily capture ...
No Slide Title
... From a biological perspective, significant amount of land available for afforestation in Canada Only a subset of this land is economically feasible (incorporating both carbon and fibre values) Broad scale afforestation in Canada seems to be profitable if: – focus on fast growing species > 12 m³ / ha ...
... From a biological perspective, significant amount of land available for afforestation in Canada Only a subset of this land is economically feasible (incorporating both carbon and fibre values) Broad scale afforestation in Canada seems to be profitable if: – focus on fast growing species > 12 m³ / ha ...
The CCPC grew out of the International Council of Local
... such as the liberalisation of energy markets, lack of funding for research on renewable energy and the failure of national governments to prioritise climate politics, can hinder local work to reduce GHGs. Nevertheless, cities take the climate challenge seriously, and there are numerous examples worl ...
... such as the liberalisation of energy markets, lack of funding for research on renewable energy and the failure of national governments to prioritise climate politics, can hinder local work to reduce GHGs. Nevertheless, cities take the climate challenge seriously, and there are numerous examples worl ...
Climate Change and Security
... The region is ridden by conflict and has been the focus of geopolitical interests for the large resources of fossil fuels situated in most South West Asian countries. Major conflict areas currently exist in Yemen, Iraq, Pakistan and Afghanistan with conflict spreading easily across borders. Terroris ...
... The region is ridden by conflict and has been the focus of geopolitical interests for the large resources of fossil fuels situated in most South West Asian countries. Major conflict areas currently exist in Yemen, Iraq, Pakistan and Afghanistan with conflict spreading easily across borders. Terroris ...
Economics of PGRFA Management for Adaptation to Climate Change: A Review of Selected Literature
... change, the biggest losses in suitable cropland are likely to be in Africa, whereas the largest expansion of suitable cropland is in the Russian Federation and Central Asia. Temperature rise will also expand the range of many agricultural pests and increase the ability of pest populations to survive ...
... change, the biggest losses in suitable cropland are likely to be in Africa, whereas the largest expansion of suitable cropland is in the Russian Federation and Central Asia. Temperature rise will also expand the range of many agricultural pests and increase the ability of pest populations to survive ...
Accelerating Innovation and Technology Diffusion
... can ensure that technology is effectively selected, adapted, and absorbed. But identifying, evaluating, and integrating foreign technologies impose oft-overlooked learning costs, as do their modification and improvement. So the knowledge infrastructure of universities, research institutes, and firm ...
... can ensure that technology is effectively selected, adapted, and absorbed. But identifying, evaluating, and integrating foreign technologies impose oft-overlooked learning costs, as do their modification and improvement. So the knowledge infrastructure of universities, research institutes, and firm ...
Climate Predictions and Projections Program
... development of a research program whose goal is to understand climate variability and its predictability • Weather Service Organic Act: Outlines NOAA’s responsibility to produce climate forecasts • Coastal Zone Management Act: Requires understanding and predicting long-term climate change which may ...
... development of a research program whose goal is to understand climate variability and its predictability • Weather Service Organic Act: Outlines NOAA’s responsibility to produce climate forecasts • Coastal Zone Management Act: Requires understanding and predicting long-term climate change which may ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""