Impacts and adaptation of European crop production systems to
... waves as was the case in 2003, when large parts of Europe were exposed to summer temperature rises of 3–5 ◦ C. This heat wave was associated with an annual precipitation deficit up to 300 mm, and the drought was a major contributor to the estimated reduction of 30% over Europe in gross primary produ ...
... waves as was the case in 2003, when large parts of Europe were exposed to summer temperature rises of 3–5 ◦ C. This heat wave was associated with an annual precipitation deficit up to 300 mm, and the drought was a major contributor to the estimated reduction of 30% over Europe in gross primary produ ...
Environment and Development Challenges
... matched with very slow ethical-social evolution. The human ability to do has vastly outstripped the ability to understand. As a result civilization is faced with a perfect storm of problems driven by overpopulation, overconsumption by the rich, the use of environmentally malign technologies, and gro ...
... matched with very slow ethical-social evolution. The human ability to do has vastly outstripped the ability to understand. As a result civilization is faced with a perfect storm of problems driven by overpopulation, overconsumption by the rich, the use of environmentally malign technologies, and gro ...
Climate change, the environment and armed con
... David King, stated that, ‘climate change is a far greater threat to the world than international terrorism.’14 ‘Margaret Beckett, the British Foreign Secretary between May 2006 and June 2007, consciously made ‘climate security’ a central plank of British foreign policy during her short stint at the ...
... David King, stated that, ‘climate change is a far greater threat to the world than international terrorism.’14 ‘Margaret Beckett, the British Foreign Secretary between May 2006 and June 2007, consciously made ‘climate security’ a central plank of British foreign policy during her short stint at the ...
An Analysis of Methane Mitigation as a Response
... Extreme weather events are already causing enormous economic damages. However, estimates of future climate change damages and their economic consequences are highly uncertain (cp. Tol 2002a and Tol 2002b, Stern 2006, Weizman 2007, Nordhaus 2007, OECD 2008). One reason for this is that the effects ar ...
... Extreme weather events are already causing enormous economic damages. However, estimates of future climate change damages and their economic consequences are highly uncertain (cp. Tol 2002a and Tol 2002b, Stern 2006, Weizman 2007, Nordhaus 2007, OECD 2008). One reason for this is that the effects ar ...
Is climate change causing increased rockfall frequency in
... al. (2009) found that 13 out of 19 rockfalls investigated in New Zealand derived from marginal permafrost areas. However, despite the strong research focus on the cryosphere in the Alps, it needs to be emphasized that glaciers actually cover only less than 1 % of the Austrian Alps and frozen ground ...
... al. (2009) found that 13 out of 19 rockfalls investigated in New Zealand derived from marginal permafrost areas. However, despite the strong research focus on the cryosphere in the Alps, it needs to be emphasized that glaciers actually cover only less than 1 % of the Austrian Alps and frozen ground ...
Abrupt climate change: can society cope?
... Direction. All the IPCC scenarios contain basically unidirectional curves of climate change, at least at global and large-regional scales.† A non-standard abrupt scenario therefore could be when the direction of climate change alters in a sustained manner, for example, when climate substantially war ...
... Direction. All the IPCC scenarios contain basically unidirectional curves of climate change, at least at global and large-regional scales.† A non-standard abrupt scenario therefore could be when the direction of climate change alters in a sustained manner, for example, when climate substantially war ...
Paper - Department of Economics
... to a restricted cointegrated system that can be mapped to a cointegrated vector autoregression (CVAR). This provides a system-based statistical framework in which an EBM can be estimated jointly (rather than one equation at a time) and therefore can be tested against observed data. Equally, this mat ...
... to a restricted cointegrated system that can be mapped to a cointegrated vector autoregression (CVAR). This provides a system-based statistical framework in which an EBM can be estimated jointly (rather than one equation at a time) and therefore can be tested against observed data. Equally, this mat ...
Climatic Threat Spaces as a Tool to Assess Current and Future
... A series of crop production years are analyzed, and years showing relevant decreases or increases are searched within the threat space for a potentially responsible climatic factor. Years with extreme climatic conditions are expected to have an impact on agricultural yields and production. The clim ...
... A series of crop production years are analyzed, and years showing relevant decreases or increases are searched within the threat space for a potentially responsible climatic factor. Years with extreme climatic conditions are expected to have an impact on agricultural yields and production. The clim ...
An NPS Framework for Addressing Climate Change with Cultural
... the resource. An integrated vulnerability assessment—addressing vulnerabilities of both cultural and natural resources in the same park—was conducted for Badlands National Park (Amberg et al. 2012), although this may not be appropriate in all places. Monitoring techniques track climate impacts, and ...
... the resource. An integrated vulnerability assessment—addressing vulnerabilities of both cultural and natural resources in the same park—was conducted for Badlands National Park (Amberg et al. 2012), although this may not be appropriate in all places. Monitoring techniques track climate impacts, and ...
PwC Survey on Sustainable Development in Latin America
... This puts into question on whether Latin America is on the right path to true sustainable growth. Undoubtedly, sustainable development will be the great challenge to the region in the next few years. As Jeffrey Sachs affirms, at present, there is “an urgent need to harmonize economic growth and ...
... This puts into question on whether Latin America is on the right path to true sustainable growth. Undoubtedly, sustainable development will be the great challenge to the region in the next few years. As Jeffrey Sachs affirms, at present, there is “an urgent need to harmonize economic growth and ...
by The Hon. Justice Brian J Preston Chief Judge
... action, rather than just as an alternative. With some impacts of climate change having occurred already and others being likely to occur in the future, adapting to these modifications in the ecosystem is a “vital part of a response to the challenge of climate change.” 24 There are great benefits in ...
... action, rather than just as an alternative. With some impacts of climate change having occurred already and others being likely to occur in the future, adapting to these modifications in the ecosystem is a “vital part of a response to the challenge of climate change.” 24 There are great benefits in ...
PDF
... It is generally recognized that, among all sectors, agricultural production activities are the most sensitive and vulnerable to climate change (IPCC, 1990). However, studies conducted at the global level indicated small net impacts of climate change (CC) on world agriculture as production losses in ...
... It is generally recognized that, among all sectors, agricultural production activities are the most sensitive and vulnerable to climate change (IPCC, 1990). However, studies conducted at the global level indicated small net impacts of climate change (CC) on world agriculture as production losses in ...
Climate Change Adaptation Planning Manual
... There is no real scientific debate about its existence. There is some debate about causes. Even if strict limits on greenhouse gases were to be put in place soon, climate change would continue to increase for decades. Not all extreme weather events result from climate change. Some climate chang ...
... There is no real scientific debate about its existence. There is some debate about causes. Even if strict limits on greenhouse gases were to be put in place soon, climate change would continue to increase for decades. Not all extreme weather events result from climate change. Some climate chang ...
as a PDF
... a span of time long enough to give the averages, spectra, and extremes some statistical meaning. Although there is the possibility of a sudden 'flip' to a new climatic ensemble from CO2 buildup, in all likelihood the shifts will be slow and continuous. The best understanding of the atmospheric effec ...
... a span of time long enough to give the averages, spectra, and extremes some statistical meaning. Although there is the possibility of a sudden 'flip' to a new climatic ensemble from CO2 buildup, in all likelihood the shifts will be slow and continuous. The best understanding of the atmospheric effec ...
PDF
... Owing to the fundamental importance of food to human welfare and of climate to crop and livestock production, agriculture has been a focus of research on the impacts of climate change and variability. This research has been largely concerned with implications for the supply and cost of food and for ...
... Owing to the fundamental importance of food to human welfare and of climate to crop and livestock production, agriculture has been a focus of research on the impacts of climate change and variability. This research has been largely concerned with implications for the supply and cost of food and for ...
Quantifying Vulnerability to Climate Change: Implications for
... In short, understanding vulnerability requires information on potential human impacts as well as scientific assessments of weather data. The potential for quantifying such impacts is illustrated by the EM-DAT database, which is maintained by the Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters ( ...
... In short, understanding vulnerability requires information on potential human impacts as well as scientific assessments of weather data. The potential for quantifying such impacts is illustrated by the EM-DAT database, which is maintained by the Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters ( ...
now - Melton Borough Council
... winters to become wetter and summers to become drier. The insurance industry has warned that premiums could rise as flood prone properties become more difficult to protect, and some properties may be unable to obtain insurance against flood altogether. Climate change effects could mean that extreme ...
... winters to become wetter and summers to become drier. The insurance industry has warned that premiums could rise as flood prone properties become more difficult to protect, and some properties may be unable to obtain insurance against flood altogether. Climate change effects could mean that extreme ...
Psychology`s Contributions to Understanding and Addressing
... in the report of the American Psychological Association Task Force on the Interface Between Psychology and Global Climate Change (2009). The articles in this special issue follow from this task force report. The present article provides an overview of these articles, a model that integrates this lit ...
... in the report of the American Psychological Association Task Force on the Interface Between Psychology and Global Climate Change (2009). The articles in this special issue follow from this task force report. The present article provides an overview of these articles, a model that integrates this lit ...
EGU Journal Logos (RGB) Advances in Geosciences Natural Hazards
... et al., 2008; Rockström et al., 2009a). Note that these studies considered spatial and temporal differences in crop water productivity as controlled by climate and crop management, which determine how much calories can be produced in the different regions with the available water resources. The pro ...
... et al., 2008; Rockström et al., 2009a). Note that these studies considered spatial and temporal differences in crop water productivity as controlled by climate and crop management, which determine how much calories can be produced in the different regions with the available water resources. The pro ...
BACKGROUND PAPER Prepared for the 2015 Global Assessment
... issues more fully. Suggestions put forward during the consultations include the integration of adaptation into national DRR frameworks, the integration of DRR into adaptation strategies, the development of joint action plans, and national “resilience strategies” that integrate climate risk and deve ...
... issues more fully. Suggestions put forward during the consultations include the integration of adaptation into national DRR frameworks, the integration of DRR into adaptation strategies, the development of joint action plans, and national “resilience strategies” that integrate climate risk and deve ...
Unit: Paleoclimatology: Climate Discovery Teacher`s Guide
... from the graph. (Temperature is colder in winter, or warmer in summer, average temperatures and the amount of searsonal variation). Explain that this graph might help someone who is visiting the region to plan what sort of clothes to bring with them. For instance, if they are visiting in July, what ...
... from the graph. (Temperature is colder in winter, or warmer in summer, average temperatures and the amount of searsonal variation). Explain that this graph might help someone who is visiting the region to plan what sort of clothes to bring with them. For instance, if they are visiting in July, what ...
6. Impacts of climate change on Oregon`s coasts and estuaries
... accurately address. For example, Rahmstorf (2007) derived a semi-empirical relationship that connects global sea-level rise to global mean surface temperature and suggested that a projected sea-level rise in 2100 could be as much as 1.4 meters above the 1990 level. More recent semiempirical estimate ...
... accurately address. For example, Rahmstorf (2007) derived a semi-empirical relationship that connects global sea-level rise to global mean surface temperature and suggested that a projected sea-level rise in 2100 could be as much as 1.4 meters above the 1990 level. More recent semiempirical estimate ...
Climate impacts on flood and coastal erosion infrastructure
... The winter of 2013/14 was one of, if not the, wettest on record. Preliminary analysis by the Met Office and the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (CEH) concluded that although no individual storm was exceptional, the clustering and persistence of the storms was unusual (Met Office and CEH, 2014). The ...
... The winter of 2013/14 was one of, if not the, wettest on record. Preliminary analysis by the Met Office and the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (CEH) concluded that although no individual storm was exceptional, the clustering and persistence of the storms was unusual (Met Office and CEH, 2014). The ...
Climate change and water in south Asia
... Historical warming trends are evident across South Asia. Studies have found winter temperatures to be increasing faster than summer temperatures. Warming rates are also greater at higher elevations (elevation dependant warming) with a positive feedback as warming reduces snow cover, reducing surf ...
... Historical warming trends are evident across South Asia. Studies have found winter temperatures to be increasing faster than summer temperatures. Warming rates are also greater at higher elevations (elevation dependant warming) with a positive feedback as warming reduces snow cover, reducing surf ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""