Constructing Sea-Level Scenarios for Impact and Adaptation
... Figure 3: The estimated budget of the components of global mean sea level change (A), their sum (B) compared to the observed rate of rise (C). The blue (or upper) bar represents the 90% error range for 1961 to 2003 and the brown (or lower) bar, the 90% error range for 1993 to 2003. The difference be ...
... Figure 3: The estimated budget of the components of global mean sea level change (A), their sum (B) compared to the observed rate of rise (C). The blue (or upper) bar represents the 90% error range for 1961 to 2003 and the brown (or lower) bar, the 90% error range for 1993 to 2003. The difference be ...
city of santa cruz city climate change vulnerability assessment
... Overall, future climate change impacts in the United States are very likely to include warmer average temperatures and more frequent heat waves, changes in precipitation patterns and severe storms, and rising sea level. There are three major sources of uncertainty in determining future climate, h ...
... Overall, future climate change impacts in the United States are very likely to include warmer average temperatures and more frequent heat waves, changes in precipitation patterns and severe storms, and rising sea level. There are three major sources of uncertainty in determining future climate, h ...
National Climate Change Response White Paper (2011)
... enterprises will need to review the policies, strategies, legislation, regulations and plans falling within their jurisdictions to ensure full alignment with the National Climate Change Response within two years of the publication of this policy. On the basis of the outcome of these reviews, governm ...
... enterprises will need to review the policies, strategies, legislation, regulations and plans falling within their jurisdictions to ensure full alignment with the National Climate Change Response within two years of the publication of this policy. On the basis of the outcome of these reviews, governm ...
Combating Climate Change - The German Adaptation Strategy
... no substitute for climate protection. If temperatures in the global greenhouse increase, the cost of adaptation measures will also increase. Conversely, it is also true that keeping down the amount of harmful greenhouse gases that escape into the atmosphere helps to keep down the cost of adaptation. ...
... no substitute for climate protection. If temperatures in the global greenhouse increase, the cost of adaptation measures will also increase. Conversely, it is also true that keeping down the amount of harmful greenhouse gases that escape into the atmosphere helps to keep down the cost of adaptation. ...
Summary for Policymakers
... or economic, social, or cultural assets in places and settings that could be adversely affected. Vulnerability: The propensity or predisposition to be adversely affected. Vulnerability encompasses a variety of concepts and elements including sensitivity or susceptibility to harm and lack of capacity ...
... or economic, social, or cultural assets in places and settings that could be adversely affected. Vulnerability: The propensity or predisposition to be adversely affected. Vulnerability encompasses a variety of concepts and elements including sensitivity or susceptibility to harm and lack of capacity ...
Rethinking corporate social responsibility in the age of climate change
... allows heat in but diminishes its ability to exit. The system is further complicated by the melting of more reflective ice, allowing for additional heat to be absorbed in the world’s oceans and less solar radiation to be reflected (United Nations Environmental Programme 2013). The world’s scientists ...
... allows heat in but diminishes its ability to exit. The system is further complicated by the melting of more reflective ice, allowing for additional heat to be absorbed in the world’s oceans and less solar radiation to be reflected (United Nations Environmental Programme 2013). The world’s scientists ...
Prospect Theory, Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change
... losses relative to a reference point. This is an important difference with the EUT: While EUT focuses on final wealth as the source of utility PT assumes that changes in wealth (gains and losses) are relevant for the value of an outcome. In the second phase, the evaluation phase, the edited options ...
... losses relative to a reference point. This is an important difference with the EUT: While EUT focuses on final wealth as the source of utility PT assumes that changes in wealth (gains and losses) are relevant for the value of an outcome. In the second phase, the evaluation phase, the edited options ...
Climate and finance systemic risks, more than an analogy?
... climate damages. So we face a crucial choice: either stick to the efficient market hypothesis, but then reject the “fat-tail” form of climate damages distribution proven by Weitzman, that is the possibility of a climate systemic risk; or adopt the climate systemic risk hypothesis, and then consider ...
... climate damages. So we face a crucial choice: either stick to the efficient market hypothesis, but then reject the “fat-tail” form of climate damages distribution proven by Weitzman, that is the possibility of a climate systemic risk; or adopt the climate systemic risk hypothesis, and then consider ...
LCARL362_en.pdf
... Between 2008 and 2011, the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) has worked on a project to assess the economic impact of climate change in the Caribbean. The overall aim is to prepare the Caribbean region to better respond to climate change, while fostering ...
... Between 2008 and 2011, the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) has worked on a project to assess the economic impact of climate change in the Caribbean. The overall aim is to prepare the Caribbean region to better respond to climate change, while fostering ...
Quantitative Assessment of Climate Carrying Capacity for Cities: A
... Initially, fossil fuel energy is consumed in the process of socioeconomic development, which produces large amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases that have led to climate warming. In metropolitan areas, the building environment has experienced large changes relative to other areas. Th ...
... Initially, fossil fuel energy is consumed in the process of socioeconomic development, which produces large amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases that have led to climate warming. In metropolitan areas, the building environment has experienced large changes relative to other areas. Th ...
Adaptation to Climate Change in the Context of Sustainable
... with quantitative limits for GHG emissions. However, there are convincing arguments for consideration of adaptation as a response measure. First, no matter how robust mitigation measures are, a certain degree of climate change is inevitable due to historical emissions and the inertia of the climate ...
... with quantitative limits for GHG emissions. However, there are convincing arguments for consideration of adaptation as a response measure. First, no matter how robust mitigation measures are, a certain degree of climate change is inevitable due to historical emissions and the inertia of the climate ...
A Brewing Storm: The climate change risks to
... By 2080, wild coffee, an important genetic resource for farmers, could become extinct. ...
... By 2080, wild coffee, an important genetic resource for farmers, could become extinct. ...
DAYCENT National-Scale Simulations of Nitrous Oxide Emissions
... agricultural sector were based entirely on Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 1997) emission factor methodology. However, the 2005 inventory includes N2O emission estimates generated by the DAYCENT ecosystem model. This paper describes the methodology used to estimate N2O emissions fro ...
... agricultural sector were based entirely on Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 1997) emission factor methodology. However, the 2005 inventory includes N2O emission estimates generated by the DAYCENT ecosystem model. This paper describes the methodology used to estimate N2O emissions fro ...
C i T Climate n Wash Technic e Chan hingto cal Sum ge Imp n State
... knowledge about the causes and consequences of climate change. (Sections 1 and 2) Human activities have increased atmospheric levels of greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide) to levels unprecedented in at least the Human influence on the climate past 800,000 years. The Earth’s ...
... knowledge about the causes and consequences of climate change. (Sections 1 and 2) Human activities have increased atmospheric levels of greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide) to levels unprecedented in at least the Human influence on the climate past 800,000 years. The Earth’s ...
Towards a Strategy on Climate Change, Ecosystem Services
... these come from the rapidly increasing use of fossil fuels as well as from changes in land-use – current emissions from land use changes worldwide are as big as the emissions from the transport sector. Soil microbes regulate other GHGs - notably methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). Carbon dioxide ...
... these come from the rapidly increasing use of fossil fuels as well as from changes in land-use – current emissions from land use changes worldwide are as big as the emissions from the transport sector. Soil microbes regulate other GHGs - notably methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). Carbon dioxide ...
Adaptation to Climate Change in the context of Sustainable
... with quantitative limits for GHG emissions. However, there are convincing arguments for consideration of adaptation as a response measure. First, no matter how robust mitigation measures are, a certain degree of climate change is inevitable due to historical emissions and the inertia of the climate ...
... with quantitative limits for GHG emissions. However, there are convincing arguments for consideration of adaptation as a response measure. First, no matter how robust mitigation measures are, a certain degree of climate change is inevitable due to historical emissions and the inertia of the climate ...
Post-2012 Climate Change Negotiation Simulation
... Separate the people from the problem means separating relationship issues (or "people problems") from substantive negotiation issues. Common emotional issues (fear, anger, distrust, etc.) often interfere with the substantive issues in negotiations, making it difficult to reach agreement. The first p ...
... Separate the people from the problem means separating relationship issues (or "people problems") from substantive negotiation issues. Common emotional issues (fear, anger, distrust, etc.) often interfere with the substantive issues in negotiations, making it difficult to reach agreement. The first p ...
Potential Impacts of Climate Change on the Broads
... This report builds on a report from 2003 that provided a brief overview of the potential climate changes projected over the Broads catchment basin. This report goes into substantially more detail, using more models, for more variables, at a finer scale, a ...
... This report builds on a report from 2003 that provided a brief overview of the potential climate changes projected over the Broads catchment basin. This report goes into substantially more detail, using more models, for more variables, at a finer scale, a ...
surface soil freeze/thaw patterns from AMSR
... concurrent observations at almost the same time to adjust the brightness temperature difference introduced by different calibration procedures. In this work, only the land part of Tbs are used as we are focusing on the landscape F/T classification. The period for inter-calibration is designed for on ...
... concurrent observations at almost the same time to adjust the brightness temperature difference introduced by different calibration procedures. In this work, only the land part of Tbs are used as we are focusing on the landscape F/T classification. The period for inter-calibration is designed for on ...
Climate change impacts and adaptation in the Southern
... (2013) considered likely areas of future refugia for a number of species at the continental scale based on predicted total change and resulting novelty of future climate. It was suggested by these authors that while precipitation levels and regimes will change, the magnitude of change will typically ...
... (2013) considered likely areas of future refugia for a number of species at the continental scale based on predicted total change and resulting novelty of future climate. It was suggested by these authors that while precipitation levels and regimes will change, the magnitude of change will typically ...
Climate Investigations Using Ice Sheet and Mass Balance Models
... investigate how small climate perturbations can lead to big environmental changes. For example, how would the distribution of biomes across the globe be affected by a 1 °C increase in average surface temperature? A second IDEAS goal is to have students link global and local-scale changes in a meanin ...
... investigate how small climate perturbations can lead to big environmental changes. For example, how would the distribution of biomes across the globe be affected by a 1 °C increase in average surface temperature? A second IDEAS goal is to have students link global and local-scale changes in a meanin ...
contributions by the world meteorological organization to the
... of the world (see box above). The forums develop and issue regional seasonal climate outlooks, which are downscaled and used at the national level by policymakers and sectoral users, including poor people whose livelihoods depend on climate stability. The RCOF process has facilitated a better unders ...
... of the world (see box above). The forums develop and issue regional seasonal climate outlooks, which are downscaled and used at the national level by policymakers and sectoral users, including poor people whose livelihoods depend on climate stability. The RCOF process has facilitated a better unders ...
A Brewing Storm - The Climate Institute
... By 2080, wild coffee, an important genetic resource for farmers, could become extinct. ...
... By 2080, wild coffee, an important genetic resource for farmers, could become extinct. ...
Integrating Climate Change into Strategic Environmental Assessment in Ireland A Guidance Note
... Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability (IPCC-WG2, 2014) – includes information on observed climate change inputs and vulnerability adaptation. It also considers future risks and opportunities for adaptation and guidance in relation to managing future risks and building climate re ...
... Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability (IPCC-WG2, 2014) – includes information on observed climate change inputs and vulnerability adaptation. It also considers future risks and opportunities for adaptation and guidance in relation to managing future risks and building climate re ...
EIB Climate Strategy - European Investment Bank
... promoting innovation and skills, access to finance for small and medium-sized businesses, strategic infrastructure and climate action. We foster these interlinked objectives by lending, blending (combining EIB finance with other funding sources) and advising. Policy alignment, portfolio quality and ...
... promoting innovation and skills, access to finance for small and medium-sized businesses, strategic infrastructure and climate action. We foster these interlinked objectives by lending, blending (combining EIB finance with other funding sources) and advising. Policy alignment, portfolio quality and ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""