Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 84
... their hosts, but not from other evolutionary or behavioural processes; see also Rothstein, 1971; Rothstein, 1990: 485). I argue that to support the coevolutionary mimicry hypothesis one must show experimentally that a particular host rejects at least some alien eggs/ nestlings while it accepts natur ...
... their hosts, but not from other evolutionary or behavioural processes; see also Rothstein, 1971; Rothstein, 1990: 485). I argue that to support the coevolutionary mimicry hypothesis one must show experimentally that a particular host rejects at least some alien eggs/ nestlings while it accepts natur ...
Dangerous liaisons: the ecology of private interest and common good
... a general framework in an attempt to fill in this gap. Despite the fact that ecological interactions are often described as either competitive, antagonistic or mutualistic, many interactions are actually a mixture of these aspects. Many parasites confer benefits to their hosts, while mutualists may ...
... a general framework in an attempt to fill in this gap. Despite the fact that ecological interactions are often described as either competitive, antagonistic or mutualistic, many interactions are actually a mixture of these aspects. Many parasites confer benefits to their hosts, while mutualists may ...
Experimental transmission of Enteromyxum leei to freshwater fish
... observed to date in any feral population that was not associated with an adjoining mariculture activity. Since the natural host(s) of Enteromyxum leei is unknown, we cannot rule out the possibility that E. leei may have a non-marine (brackish or freshwater) origin. In light of the infection identifi ...
... observed to date in any feral population that was not associated with an adjoining mariculture activity. Since the natural host(s) of Enteromyxum leei is unknown, we cannot rule out the possibility that E. leei may have a non-marine (brackish or freshwater) origin. In light of the infection identifi ...
Helminths: Pathogenesis and Defenses
... The most serious helminth infections are acquired in poor tropical and subtropical areas, but some also occur in the developed world; other, less serious, infections are worldwide in distribution. Exposure to infection is influenced by climate, hygiene, food preferences, and contact with vectors. Ma ...
... The most serious helminth infections are acquired in poor tropical and subtropical areas, but some also occur in the developed world; other, less serious, infections are worldwide in distribution. Exposure to infection is influenced by climate, hygiene, food preferences, and contact with vectors. Ma ...
Full text in pdf format
... much more restricted range (Davidson et al. 2001). A number of studies have analyzed the effects of pesticide drift, introduced predators, habitat loss, and UV-B radiation damage on R. aurora populations (Blaustein et al. 1994, Davidson et al. 2001, 2002). However, little is known about the natural ...
... much more restricted range (Davidson et al. 2001). A number of studies have analyzed the effects of pesticide drift, introduced predators, habitat loss, and UV-B radiation damage on R. aurora populations (Blaustein et al. 1994, Davidson et al. 2001, 2002). However, little is known about the natural ...
Johnson and Hartson 2009 host variation
... their survival, development, and growth. Finally, we compared the ability of Ribeiroia cercariae to successfully locate, infect, and persist within each amphibian host. In this manner, we used trematode infection in an amphibian community to understand the factors controlling differential disease pr ...
... their survival, development, and growth. Finally, we compared the ability of Ribeiroia cercariae to successfully locate, infect, and persist within each amphibian host. In this manner, we used trematode infection in an amphibian community to understand the factors controlling differential disease pr ...
PDF
... histological analysis were preserved whole in neutral buffered formalin while those kept for PCR analysis were preserved whole in 95% ethanol. Due to potential differences in the morphologies and life history stages of the parasite, if an organism viewed on the microscope exhibited neutral red uptak ...
... histological analysis were preserved whole in neutral buffered formalin while those kept for PCR analysis were preserved whole in 95% ethanol. Due to potential differences in the morphologies and life history stages of the parasite, if an organism viewed on the microscope exhibited neutral red uptak ...
Biocontrol and Population Dynamics Theory
... • Question #1. How do natural enemies suppress a pest’s population • Question #2. What prevents the natural enemy from driving the pest to extinction and thus inducing instability in the ...
... • Question #1. How do natural enemies suppress a pest’s population • Question #2. What prevents the natural enemy from driving the pest to extinction and thus inducing instability in the ...
Phylum Platyhelminthes
... ventral sucker, or acetabulum, on the ventral surface. An acetabulum is absent in some groups (e.g. Notocotylidae). Digenean life cycles are highly varied but follow a common pattern. A ciliated miracidium develops in the egg and usually hatches in the external environment. The miracidium is a non-f ...
... ventral sucker, or acetabulum, on the ventral surface. An acetabulum is absent in some groups (e.g. Notocotylidae). Digenean life cycles are highly varied but follow a common pattern. A ciliated miracidium develops in the egg and usually hatches in the external environment. The miracidium is a non-f ...
The Effect of Trematode Infection on Amphibian Limb
... Alaria did penetrate tadpoles but did not increase mortality or cause limb development, even at when at very high densities The combination of infections with Ribeiroia and Alaria has effects that were similar to those of Ribeiroia alone Survivorship Abnormality ...
... Alaria did penetrate tadpoles but did not increase mortality or cause limb development, even at when at very high densities The combination of infections with Ribeiroia and Alaria has effects that were similar to those of Ribeiroia alone Survivorship Abnormality ...
Intra-host competition between co-infecting digeneans within a bivalve second intermediate host: dominance by priority-effect or taking advantage of others?
... plastic cylindrical containers (60 mm high 40 mm wide) and completely covered with fine sand so that only the cockle’s siphons would protrude above the substrate. The container was then filled with seawater to a depth of 15 mm above the sediment surface. The cockles were given at least 60 min to acc ...
... plastic cylindrical containers (60 mm high 40 mm wide) and completely covered with fine sand so that only the cockle’s siphons would protrude above the substrate. The container was then filled with seawater to a depth of 15 mm above the sediment surface. The cockles were given at least 60 min to acc ...
How will climate change affect moose
... Minnesota. Currently in NH we have two parasites that have the ability to dramatically reduce moose numbers. These are winter ticks and brain-worm. Both of these parasites (whose primary host is the white-tailed deer) will become more numerous given shorter, warmer winters, sufficiently wet summer m ...
... Minnesota. Currently in NH we have two parasites that have the ability to dramatically reduce moose numbers. These are winter ticks and brain-worm. Both of these parasites (whose primary host is the white-tailed deer) will become more numerous given shorter, warmer winters, sufficiently wet summer m ...
Timeline of a Scientific Story: Malaria
... The sheets below can be printed out and cut up – students could sort them into the order they think things would have happened. This can be used to look at `how science works’ or an introduction to studies of life cycles or transmission of illness. The exercise could also be the basis of a short res ...
... The sheets below can be printed out and cut up – students could sort them into the order they think things would have happened. This can be used to look at `how science works’ or an introduction to studies of life cycles or transmission of illness. The exercise could also be the basis of a short res ...
A parasite-driven wedge: infectious diseases may explain language
... language richness scores were highly skewed we use lntransformed values for analysis. In our analysis we examined the influence of potentially confounding factors. Given that latitude is negatively related to language richness (Sutherland 2003) and the general importance of latitude to the study of ...
... language richness scores were highly skewed we use lntransformed values for analysis. In our analysis we examined the influence of potentially confounding factors. Given that latitude is negatively related to language richness (Sutherland 2003) and the general importance of latitude to the study of ...
Document
... • At least 3 exams (one every other day) before judge negative. • ELISA tests: detect soluble antigen. ...
... • At least 3 exams (one every other day) before judge negative. • ELISA tests: detect soluble antigen. ...
Document
... • At least 3 exams (one every other day) before judge negative. • ELISA tests: detect soluble antigen. • PCR ...
... • At least 3 exams (one every other day) before judge negative. • ELISA tests: detect soluble antigen. • PCR ...
PII: S0020-7519(01) - University of Otago
... then the second species would benefit by seeking intermediate hosts already harbouring the first parasite. Similarly, if they have different definitive hosts, the two species would benefit by avoiding sharing an intermediate host if one or both of them are capable of modifying its behaviour. These s ...
... then the second species would benefit by seeking intermediate hosts already harbouring the first parasite. Similarly, if they have different definitive hosts, the two species would benefit by avoiding sharing an intermediate host if one or both of them are capable of modifying its behaviour. These s ...
Aschelminthes
... • Amictic females reproduce by parthenogenesis • Mictic females can produce haploid males that must do their jobs quickly; the eggs produced can withstand unfavorable conditions (cryptobiosis) and become amictic females ...
... • Amictic females reproduce by parthenogenesis • Mictic females can produce haploid males that must do their jobs quickly; the eggs produced can withstand unfavorable conditions (cryptobiosis) and become amictic females ...
Oecologia (1992) 92:58-64 ?-;- Oecologia ? Springer-Verlag 1992
... January 1989, and January 1990. These periods included both wet and dry seasons on the island. One series of sites (Sites 2-8) was a 1.7 km transect from locations where A. wattsi was common to where it was absent. Because a long-term population study of anoles on St. Maarten is in progress (Roughga ...
... January 1989, and January 1990. These periods included both wet and dry seasons on the island. One series of sites (Sites 2-8) was a 1.7 km transect from locations where A. wattsi was common to where it was absent. Because a long-term population study of anoles on St. Maarten is in progress (Roughga ...
Potamopyrgus antipodarum(Mollusca
... et al., 1985; Ponder, 1988; Hughes, 1996), that can be classified either as a freshwater or a brackish species (salinity 0–15‰; Siegismund & Hylleberg, 1987; Hughes, 1996). According to Costil et al. (2001), there is a gradient of salinity across the terrestrial ...
... et al., 1985; Ponder, 1988; Hughes, 1996), that can be classified either as a freshwater or a brackish species (salinity 0–15‰; Siegismund & Hylleberg, 1987; Hughes, 1996). According to Costil et al. (2001), there is a gradient of salinity across the terrestrial ...
Intra- and interspecific competition among helminth parasites
... Poulin, 2007), but could also be adaptive when sharing an intermediate host with other parasites species. If the co-occurring species is manipulative but does not share the same definitive host, producing eggs quickly before the manipulated host is eaten by the predator would allow C. parvum metacerc ...
... Poulin, 2007), but could also be adaptive when sharing an intermediate host with other parasites species. If the co-occurring species is manipulative but does not share the same definitive host, producing eggs quickly before the manipulated host is eaten by the predator would allow C. parvum metacerc ...
Decide whether the following relationships represent mutualism (M)
... trees so grow on ______ that they can gain water and the _______ nutrients that they ...
... trees so grow on ______ that they can gain water and the _______ nutrients that they ...
What constrains the geographic and host range of the Emily Boone
... States north to South Carolina (Eldridge and Waltz, 1977, as cited in Shields and Overstreet, in press). It is unclear what biological or physical mechanisms prevent the parasite from naturally expanding its range. In fact, very little is known about the mechanisms that are used by the parasite to l ...
... States north to South Carolina (Eldridge and Waltz, 1977, as cited in Shields and Overstreet, in press). It is unclear what biological or physical mechanisms prevent the parasite from naturally expanding its range. In fact, very little is known about the mechanisms that are used by the parasite to l ...
Science 5th primary 1st term unite 3 lesson 1 Symbiosis It is a
... 1 – some dogs, cats and birds which we have at home can be hurt by worms and some of these worms can infect human. 2 – to protect man and these living organisms, follow the proper way of cleaning and visit the veterinaries regularly to check them. ...
... 1 – some dogs, cats and birds which we have at home can be hurt by worms and some of these worms can infect human. 2 – to protect man and these living organisms, follow the proper way of cleaning and visit the veterinaries regularly to check them. ...
WELCOME TO BIOLOGY 2002
... to resources by other individuals. The space preempted by these barnacles is unavailable to competitors. ...
... to resources by other individuals. The space preempted by these barnacles is unavailable to competitors. ...
Parasitism
In biology/ecology, parasitism is a non-mutual symbiotic relationship between species, where one species, the parasite, benefits at the expense of the other, the host. Traditionally parasite (in biological usage) referred primarily to organisms visible to the naked eye, or macroparasites (such as helminths). Parasite now includes microparasites, which are typically smaller, such as protozoa, viruses, and bacteria. Examples of parasites include the plants mistletoe and cuscuta, and animals such as hookworms.Unlike predators, parasites typically do not kill their host, are generally much smaller than their host, and will often live in or on their host for an extended period. Both are special cases of consumer-resource interactions. Parasites show a high degree of specialization, and reproduce at a faster rate than their hosts. Classic examples of parasitism include interactions between vertebrate hosts and tapeworms, flukes, the Plasmodium species, and fleas. Parasitism differs from the parasitoid relationship in that parasitoids generally kill their hosts.Parasites reduce host biological fitness by general or specialized pathology, such as parasitic castration and impairment of secondary sex characteristics, to the modification of host behavior. Parasites increase their own fitness by exploiting hosts for resources necessary for their survival, e.g. food, water, heat, habitat, and transmission. Although parasitism applies unambiguously to many cases, it is part of a continuum of types of interactions between species, rather than an exclusive category. In many cases, it is difficult to demonstrate harm to the host. In others, there may be no apparent specialization on the part of the parasite, or the interaction between the organisms may remain short-lived.