Example wildflower seed mix for damp soils
... The following species are recommended for inclusion in a wildflower mix for lowland meadows and grasslands with damp or seasonally wet soils. Often neutral soils (PH 6 – 6.5). Using a range of these plants will re-create a diverse meadow to benefit bees, hoverflies, butterflies, beetles and other wi ...
... The following species are recommended for inclusion in a wildflower mix for lowland meadows and grasslands with damp or seasonally wet soils. Often neutral soils (PH 6 – 6.5). Using a range of these plants will re-create a diverse meadow to benefit bees, hoverflies, butterflies, beetles and other wi ...
Boneseed (Chyrsantemoides monilifera subsp. monilifera, best
... vegetation in a controlled manner in many situations where natural fire is not possible, thereby assisting in the depletion of soil-stored seeds. Burning with gas can be undertaken when fuel moisture levels are high thus preventing uncontrolled burning of vegetation. Although time consuming and rest ...
... vegetation in a controlled manner in many situations where natural fire is not possible, thereby assisting in the depletion of soil-stored seeds. Burning with gas can be undertaken when fuel moisture levels are high thus preventing uncontrolled burning of vegetation. Although time consuming and rest ...
Beginners Guides to the EnviroZone
... range before striking and the sharp beak is used to spear the prey, such as moles, mice, birds, frogs and insects. Like all herons, it prefers to roost in water or in trees over water and will fly up to 30 km to this roost, which it shares with many other birds. It also builds its nest, a large p ...
... range before striking and the sharp beak is used to spear the prey, such as moles, mice, birds, frogs and insects. Like all herons, it prefers to roost in water or in trees over water and will fly up to 30 km to this roost, which it shares with many other birds. It also builds its nest, a large p ...
Rocky Mountains - National Wildlife Federation
... Providing milkweeds and other nectar-rich flowers that bloom where and when monarchs need them is one of the most significant actions you can take to support monarch butterfly populations. This guide features Rocky Mountain native plants that have documented monarch visitation, bloom during the time ...
... Providing milkweeds and other nectar-rich flowers that bloom where and when monarchs need them is one of the most significant actions you can take to support monarch butterfly populations. This guide features Rocky Mountain native plants that have documented monarch visitation, bloom during the time ...
Use the following information for the NEXT 10 QUESTIONS
... blooms (flowers) during the spring and summer only. At this time, successive generations of Senita moths pollinate the cactus flowers as they move from flower to flower feeding on the nectar contained in the flowers. They also lay their eggs on the flower at this time. Once a flower is pollinated it ...
... blooms (flowers) during the spring and summer only. At this time, successive generations of Senita moths pollinate the cactus flowers as they move from flower to flower feeding on the nectar contained in the flowers. They also lay their eggs on the flower at this time. Once a flower is pollinated it ...
Indirect Interactions Darwin — Lots of “Humblebees” around
... Cuckoldry —> jealousy Desertion —> Mating Rituals, Complex Courtship Sex that invests most is most choosy about mates Natural selection produces a correlation between male genetic quality and female preference “Sexy son” phenomenon (females cannot afford to mate with males that are not attractive to ...
... Cuckoldry —> jealousy Desertion —> Mating Rituals, Complex Courtship Sex that invests most is most choosy about mates Natural selection produces a correlation between male genetic quality and female preference “Sexy son” phenomenon (females cannot afford to mate with males that are not attractive to ...
SCALE INSECTS (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Coccoidea)
... exclusively on parts of ligneous plants. Euonymus scale insect [Unaspis evonymi (Comstock)] was also introduced in Poland on Japanese spindle from Italy [Łabanowski and Soika 1998]. In South Europe, this scale insect is known as a pest to many species of ornamental spindle [Kozarzhevskaya 1992]. So ...
... exclusively on parts of ligneous plants. Euonymus scale insect [Unaspis evonymi (Comstock)] was also introduced in Poland on Japanese spindle from Italy [Łabanowski and Soika 1998]. In South Europe, this scale insect is known as a pest to many species of ornamental spindle [Kozarzhevskaya 1992]. So ...
Phylum Arthropoda
... Phylum Arthropoda Arthropod Polyphyly? Monophyly is the default Modern phylogenetics: homology is assumed unless contradicted = parsimony, because homology =1 event and homoplasy = 2 or more events So we assume, e.g. the exoskeleton of Arthropods is homologous in all groups until a more parsimonious ...
... Phylum Arthropoda Arthropod Polyphyly? Monophyly is the default Modern phylogenetics: homology is assumed unless contradicted = parsimony, because homology =1 event and homoplasy = 2 or more events So we assume, e.g. the exoskeleton of Arthropods is homologous in all groups until a more parsimonious ...
Practice Questions (269 KB pdf file)
... All the major groups of land living animals, except the birds, contain species that produce live babies. For animals that mate on land, fertilization within the female is the rule. Retaining fertile eggs within her body long enough for them to hatch there does not require major anatomical or physiol ...
... All the major groups of land living animals, except the birds, contain species that produce live babies. For animals that mate on land, fertilization within the female is the rule. Retaining fertile eggs within her body long enough for them to hatch there does not require major anatomical or physiol ...
GVZ 2017 Practice Questions Set 1 Test 3 1 Describe
... of such pairs also perform mate guarding. What factors determine when a (e.g.) male elects to guard his socially monogamous mate rather than pursue other females? (you may want to discuss the results of the study by Beecher and Beecher) ...
... of such pairs also perform mate guarding. What factors determine when a (e.g.) male elects to guard his socially monogamous mate rather than pursue other females? (you may want to discuss the results of the study by Beecher and Beecher) ...
PDF | 474.8KB
... finch must adapt. The population specializes into 1) deep, strong beaks that can strip bark to eat insects, 2) large, heavy beaks that can break cactus seeds and 3) very long beaks that can tear open cactus pads to reach insects. 35. What type of selection is this? a. Directional b. Stabilizing c. A ...
... finch must adapt. The population specializes into 1) deep, strong beaks that can strip bark to eat insects, 2) large, heavy beaks that can break cactus seeds and 3) very long beaks that can tear open cactus pads to reach insects. 35. What type of selection is this? a. Directional b. Stabilizing c. A ...
Organisms and Populations.pmd
... why these conformers had not evolved to become regulators. Recall the human analogy we used above; much as they like, how many people can really afford an air conditioner? Many simply ‘sweat it out’ and resign themselves to suboptimal performance in hot summer months. Thermoregulation is energetical ...
... why these conformers had not evolved to become regulators. Recall the human analogy we used above; much as they like, how many people can really afford an air conditioner? Many simply ‘sweat it out’ and resign themselves to suboptimal performance in hot summer months. Thermoregulation is energetical ...
Organisms and Populations
... why these conformers had not evolved to become regulators. Recall the human analogy we used above; much as they like, how many people can really afford an air conditioner? Many simply ‘sweat it out’ and resign themselves to suboptimal performance in hot summer months. Thermoregulation is energetical ...
... why these conformers had not evolved to become regulators. Recall the human analogy we used above; much as they like, how many people can really afford an air conditioner? Many simply ‘sweat it out’ and resign themselves to suboptimal performance in hot summer months. Thermoregulation is energetical ...
File
... 3. How can we date a fossil? Explain in terms of the half-life of an isotope. 4. What are homologous structures? How can they be used as evidence of evolution? 5. What are vestigial organs? How can they be used as evidence of evolution? 6. Why do you think that the embryos of an alligator and of an ...
... 3. How can we date a fossil? Explain in terms of the half-life of an isotope. 4. What are homologous structures? How can they be used as evidence of evolution? 5. What are vestigial organs? How can they be used as evidence of evolution? 6. Why do you think that the embryos of an alligator and of an ...
Bird Feeding the Natural Way
... • Variety: botanical term for subspecies of plant • Endemic: species occurs naturally only in a specific area • Succession: gradual change in plant community • Ecotone: transition zone between different habitats ...
... • Variety: botanical term for subspecies of plant • Endemic: species occurs naturally only in a specific area • Succession: gradual change in plant community • Ecotone: transition zone between different habitats ...
to introduced grass lawns - the South Carolina Native Plant Society!
... Most of us admire to some degree the look of a neatly trimmed, dark green, weed-free lawn, but it is time for us to re-examine our love affair with the traditional lawn. There is emerging science that shows conclusively that there are serious environmental and ecological costs attached to the tradit ...
... Most of us admire to some degree the look of a neatly trimmed, dark green, weed-free lawn, but it is time for us to re-examine our love affair with the traditional lawn. There is emerging science that shows conclusively that there are serious environmental and ecological costs attached to the tradit ...
BIOL 4120: Principles of Ecology Lecture 8: Life History
... is fitness: Those individuals who leave the largest number of mature offspring are the most fit the environments. Trade-off between growth and reproduction: mode of reproduction, age at rep., allocation to rep. number and size of eggs, young or seeds, parental care. ...
... is fitness: Those individuals who leave the largest number of mature offspring are the most fit the environments. Trade-off between growth and reproduction: mode of reproduction, age at rep., allocation to rep. number and size of eggs, young or seeds, parental care. ...
SPECIES INTERACTIONS
... [Prey (A) are in greatest abundance when predators are absent. Predators (B) are in greatest abundance when prey are present.] ...
... [Prey (A) are in greatest abundance when predators are absent. Predators (B) are in greatest abundance when prey are present.] ...
Final Report - Rufford Small Grants
... 2. Please explain any unforeseen difficulties that arose during the project and how these were tackled (if relevant). The standardisation of protocols to amplify the molecular markers in Yucca species was a very difficult process. After many months of work, we finally obtained good results in the am ...
... 2. Please explain any unforeseen difficulties that arose during the project and how these were tackled (if relevant). The standardisation of protocols to amplify the molecular markers in Yucca species was a very difficult process. After many months of work, we finally obtained good results in the am ...
Exam 2 Terms List
... o Indirect (exploitation competition) o direct (interference competition) o for space (pre-emptive competition) o reduces fitness or equilibrium density on one or both populations o intraspecific competition (within species) o interspecific competition (between species) o competition level varies wi ...
... o Indirect (exploitation competition) o direct (interference competition) o for space (pre-emptive competition) o reduces fitness or equilibrium density on one or both populations o intraspecific competition (within species) o interspecific competition (between species) o competition level varies wi ...
Exam 2 Terms List
... o Indirect (exploitation competition) o direct (interference competition) o for space (pre-emptive competition) o reduces fitness or equilibrium density on one or both populations o intraspecific competition (within species) o interspecific competition (between species) o competition level varies wi ...
... o Indirect (exploitation competition) o direct (interference competition) o for space (pre-emptive competition) o reduces fitness or equilibrium density on one or both populations o intraspecific competition (within species) o interspecific competition (between species) o competition level varies wi ...
Symbiosis: I get by with a little help from my friends*.
... Behavior: When and how it reproduces, mating rituals, hibernation, defense mechanisms, different parts of the tree ...
... Behavior: When and how it reproduces, mating rituals, hibernation, defense mechanisms, different parts of the tree ...
Symbiotic ~ commensalisms
... • A parasite and its host evolve together. • The parasite adapts to its environment by living in and using the host in ways that harm it. • Hosts also develop ways of getting rid of or protecting themselves from parasites. • Ladybugs live on plants, eating the aphids and benefiting by getting food, ...
... • A parasite and its host evolve together. • The parasite adapts to its environment by living in and using the host in ways that harm it. • Hosts also develop ways of getting rid of or protecting themselves from parasites. • Ladybugs live on plants, eating the aphids and benefiting by getting food, ...
lecture.10 - Cal State LA
... • Predator inefficiency (or enhanced prey escape/defense) • Density-dependent limitation on either the predator or the prey population by external factors • Alternative food source for the predator • Refuges for the prey at low prey densities • Reduced time delays in predator responses to changes in ...
... • Predator inefficiency (or enhanced prey escape/defense) • Density-dependent limitation on either the predator or the prey population by external factors • Alternative food source for the predator • Refuges for the prey at low prey densities • Reduced time delays in predator responses to changes in ...
Coevolution
In biology, coevolution is ""the change of a biological object triggered by the change of a related object"". In other words, when changes in at least two species' genetic compositions reciprocally affect each other’s evolution, coevolution has occurred.There is evidence for coevolution at the level of populations and species. Charles Darwin briefly described the concept of coevolution in On the Origin of Species (1859) and developed it in detail in Fertilisation of Orchids (1862). It is likely that viruses and their hosts coevolve in various scenarios.However, there is little evidence of coevolution driving large-scale changes in Earth's history, since abiotic factors such as mass extinction and expansion into ecospaces seem to guide the shifts in the abundance of major groups. One proposed specific example was the evolution of high-crowned teeth in grazers when grasslands spread through North America - long held up as an example of coevolution. We now know that these events happened independently.Coevolution can occur at many biological levels: it can be as microscopic as correlated mutations between amino acids in a protein or as macroscopic as covarying traits between different species in an environment. Each party in a coevolutionary relationship exerts selective pressures on the other, thereby affecting each other's evolution. Coevolution of different species includes the evolution of a host species and its parasites (host–parasite coevolution), and examples of mutualism evolving through time. Evolution in response to abiotic factors, such as climate change, is not biological coevolution (since climate is not alive and does not undergo biological evolution).The general conclusion is that coevolution may be responsible for much of the genetic diversity seen in normal populations including: blood-plasma polymorphism, protein polymorphism, histocompatibility systems, etc.The parasite/host relationship probably drove the prevalence of sexual reproduction over the more efficient asexual reproduction. It seems that when a parasite infects a host, sexual reproduction affords a better chance of developing resistance (through variation in the next generation), giving sexual reproduction viability for fitness not seen in the asexual reproduction, which produces another generation of the organism susceptible to infection by the same parasite.Coevolution is primarily a biological concept, but researchers have applied it by analogy to fields such as computer science, sociology / international political economy and astronomy.