Lecture 05 Part A - First Order Logic (FOL)
... Last unification fails: only because x can’t take values John and Bill at the same time Problem is due to use of same variable x in both sentences Simple solution: Standardizing apart eliminates overlap of variables, e.g., Knows(z, Bill) ...
... Last unification fails: only because x can’t take values John and Bill at the same time Problem is due to use of same variable x in both sentences Simple solution: Standardizing apart eliminates overlap of variables, e.g., Knows(z, Bill) ...
CTL AgentSpeak(L): a specification language for agent programs
... Our main contribution is the definition of the semantics of the CT L temporal operators in terms of a Kripke structure, produced by a transition system defining the operational semantics of AgentSpeak(L). The semantics of the intentional operators is adopted from the work of Bordini et al. [1]. As a ...
... Our main contribution is the definition of the semantics of the CT L temporal operators in terms of a Kripke structure, produced by a transition system defining the operational semantics of AgentSpeak(L). The semantics of the intentional operators is adopted from the work of Bordini et al. [1]. As a ...
LOGO - University of North Texas
... interaction, positive self-image, positive attitudes toward learning. In general, evidence suggests that working in pairs is most advantageous for LOGO ...
... interaction, positive self-image, positive attitudes toward learning. In general, evidence suggests that working in pairs is most advantageous for LOGO ...
Computing Science - Thompson Rivers University
... function; they come into existence when the function is entered, and disappear when it is left. External variables, on the other hand, are permanent, so they can retain values from one function invocation to the next. Thus if two functions must share some data, yet neither calls the other, it is oft ...
... function; they come into existence when the function is entered, and disappear when it is left. External variables, on the other hand, are permanent, so they can retain values from one function invocation to the next. Thus if two functions must share some data, yet neither calls the other, it is oft ...
Calc/Cream - Related Web Pages
... In this paper, we describe a constraint programming system with a spreadsheet front-end implemented on OpenOffice.org Calc[9] and Java language. In this Calc/Cream system1 developed as a port of HECS system[10, 11]2 , users can write their constraint problems as cell expressions on a spreadsheet. Th ...
... In this paper, we describe a constraint programming system with a spreadsheet front-end implemented on OpenOffice.org Calc[9] and Java language. In this Calc/Cream system1 developed as a port of HECS system[10, 11]2 , users can write their constraint problems as cell expressions on a spreadsheet. Th ...
Constraint Programming: In Pursuit of the Holy Grail
... Abstract: Constraint programming (CP) is an emergent software technology for declarative description and effective solving of large, particularly combinatorial, problems especially in areas of planning and scheduling. It represents the most exciting developments in programming languages of the last ...
... Abstract: Constraint programming (CP) is an emergent software technology for declarative description and effective solving of large, particularly combinatorial, problems especially in areas of planning and scheduling. It represents the most exciting developments in programming languages of the last ...
transformations between uml and first order logic
... state diagrams and collaboration diagrams. These diagrams are commonly used in different types of modeling systems [6][7]. It follows thence that a basic situation can be modeled using these diagrams. Rest diagrams of UML show specific twists and turns that are very important for programmer but not ...
... state diagrams and collaboration diagrams. These diagrams are commonly used in different types of modeling systems [6][7]. It follows thence that a basic situation can be modeled using these diagrams. Rest diagrams of UML show specific twists and turns that are very important for programmer but not ...
Notes
... Interactions are reads from and writes to variables or fields. Reads and writes are very fast Side effects are instantly seen by all parts of a program ...
... Interactions are reads from and writes to variables or fields. Reads and writes are very fast Side effects are instantly seen by all parts of a program ...
Paper - IFIS Uni Lübeck
... The RacerPro inference server can be programmed in a functional language called miniLisp. For instance, query results can be postprocessed by the miniLisp interpreter running small functional programs being sent to the server such that query results can be sent in application-specific XML formats to ...
... The RacerPro inference server can be programmed in a functional language called miniLisp. For instance, query results can be postprocessed by the miniLisp interpreter running small functional programs being sent to the server such that query results can be sent in application-specific XML formats to ...
Slides 5.5
... This represents the essence of a function – no need to give it a name. It comes from mathematics. Where ever you might use the name of a procedure – you could use a lambda expression and not bother to give the procedure a name. ...
... This represents the essence of a function – no need to give it a name. It comes from mathematics. Where ever you might use the name of a procedure – you could use a lambda expression and not bother to give the procedure a name. ...
Answer Sets for Logic Programs with Arbitrary Abstract Constraint
... (i.e., programs without the negation-as-failure operator)—called programs with set constraints or SC-programs—has been introduced in the work of Marek and Remmel (2004). In this work answer sets for programs with c-atoms are defined by extending the notion of answer sets for programs with weight con ...
... (i.e., programs without the negation-as-failure operator)—called programs with set constraints or SC-programs—has been introduced in the work of Marek and Remmel (2004). In this work answer sets for programs with c-atoms are defined by extending the notion of answer sets for programs with weight con ...
A New Method for Incremental Consequence
... disjunction of the literals it contains. For easy reading, we sometimes use the disjunction symbol ∨ in place of a comma. Definition 1 (Clause subsumption). Let a and b be clauses. a subsumes b if there exists a substitution σ such that aσ ⊆ b. Definition 2 (Consequence Set). Let Σ be a set of claus ...
... disjunction of the literals it contains. For easy reading, we sometimes use the disjunction symbol ∨ in place of a comma. Definition 1 (Clause subsumption). Let a and b be clauses. a subsumes b if there exists a substitution σ such that aσ ⊆ b. Definition 2 (Consequence Set). Let Σ be a set of claus ...
Table of contents
... order, declarative programming describes to the computer a set of conditions and lets the computer figure out how to satisfy them. Declarative programming includes both functional programming and logic programming. Declarative languages describe relationships between variables in terms of functions ...
... order, declarative programming describes to the computer a set of conditions and lets the computer figure out how to satisfy them. Declarative programming includes both functional programming and logic programming. Declarative languages describe relationships between variables in terms of functions ...
Lecture 8 slides
... • We cannot say things like “for all squares” or “the wumpus is in one of the neighboring squares” ...
... • We cannot say things like “for all squares” or “the wumpus is in one of the neighboring squares” ...
The RacerPro Knowledge Representation and Reasoning System
... The RacerPro inference server can be programmed in a functional language called miniLisp. For instance, query results can be postprocessed by the miniLisp interpreter running small functional programs being sent to the server such that query results can be sent in application-specific XML formats to ...
... The RacerPro inference server can be programmed in a functional language called miniLisp. For instance, query results can be postprocessed by the miniLisp interpreter running small functional programs being sent to the server such that query results can be sent in application-specific XML formats to ...
The RacerPro Knowledge Representation and Reasoning System1
... The RacerPro inference server can be programmed in a functional language called miniLisp. For instance, query results can be postprocessed by the miniLisp interpreter running small functional programs being sent to the server such that query results can be sent in application-specific XML formats to ...
... The RacerPro inference server can be programmed in a functional language called miniLisp. For instance, query results can be postprocessed by the miniLisp interpreter running small functional programs being sent to the server such that query results can be sent in application-specific XML formats to ...
Constraint Programming - What is behind?
... attracted high attention among experts from many areas because of its potential for solving hard reallife problems. Not surprisingly, it has recently been identified by the ACM (Association for Computing Machinery) as one of the strategic directions in computer research. However, at the same time, C ...
... attracted high attention among experts from many areas because of its potential for solving hard reallife problems. Not surprisingly, it has recently been identified by the ACM (Association for Computing Machinery) as one of the strategic directions in computer research. However, at the same time, C ...
Practical Reasoning: An Opinionated Survey.
... computer) goes though when, starting in a given initial state, it executes a program. Because states can be identified with assignments to variables, there are close connections to the familiar semantics of first-order logic. Dynamic logic has led to useful applications and has made important and in ...
... computer) goes though when, starting in a given initial state, it executes a program. Because states can be identified with assignments to variables, there are close connections to the familiar semantics of first-order logic. Dynamic logic has led to useful applications and has made important and in ...
02history - Department of Computer Science and Electrical
... 2. Exception handling - elaborate 3. Generic program units 4. Concurrency - through the tasking model Comments: • Competitive design • Included all that was then known about software engineering and language design • First compilers were very difficult; the first really usable compiler came nearly f ...
... 2. Exception handling - elaborate 3. Generic program units 4. Concurrency - through the tasking model Comments: • Competitive design • Included all that was then known about software engineering and language design • First compilers were very difficult; the first really usable compiler came nearly f ...
Introduction
... Paul is tall AND Paul likes rugby ( P∧R) Paul is tall OR Paul likes rugby (P ∨ R) Paul doesn’t like rugby (¬R) If Paul is tall then Paul likes rugby ( P ⇒ R) If Paul is tall then Paul likes rugby and vice versa ( P ⇔R) Artificial Intelligence ...
... Paul is tall AND Paul likes rugby ( P∧R) Paul is tall OR Paul likes rugby (P ∨ R) Paul doesn’t like rugby (¬R) If Paul is tall then Paul likes rugby ( P ⇒ R) If Paul is tall then Paul likes rugby and vice versa ( P ⇔R) Artificial Intelligence ...
Introduction
... Paul is tall AND Paul likes rugby ( PR) Paul is tall OR Paul likes rugby (P R) Paul doesn’t like rugby (R) If Paul is tall then Paul likes rugby ( P R) If Paul is tall then Paul likes rugby and vice versa ( P R) Artificial Intelligence ...
... Paul is tall AND Paul likes rugby ( PR) Paul is tall OR Paul likes rugby (P R) Paul doesn’t like rugby (R) If Paul is tall then Paul likes rugby ( P R) If Paul is tall then Paul likes rugby and vice versa ( P R) Artificial Intelligence ...
Proof-Outline Logic. - Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science
... xx
However, x2 +y 2 = z 2 is not universally true, because there is an assignment
for which it is not true; for example 32 + 42 = 62 is not true.
Whether a condition is universally true may depend on the types ascribed
to its variables. For example, if we are using Java and x has ty ...
... x
A short proof of the strong normalization of the simply typed
... Parigot’s λµ-terms and the cut elimination corresponds to the λµ-reduction, the result can be seen as a proof of the strong normalization of the simply typed λµcalculus. The first proof of the the strong normalization of the λµ-calculus for the types of Girard’s system F was done by Parigot in [6] i ...
... Parigot’s λµ-terms and the cut elimination corresponds to the λµ-reduction, the result can be seen as a proof of the strong normalization of the simply typed λµcalculus. The first proof of the the strong normalization of the λµ-calculus for the types of Girard’s system F was done by Parigot in [6] i ...
datalog - FORTH-ICS
... steps (starting from the base data in the first step) until some step doesn’t yield any new data. It is clear that naive evaluation involves a lot of redundant computation, since every step recomputes all facts already computed in previous steps. Seminaive evaluation tries to overcome this deficienc ...
... steps (starting from the base data in the first step) until some step doesn’t yield any new data. It is clear that naive evaluation involves a lot of redundant computation, since every step recomputes all facts already computed in previous steps. Seminaive evaluation tries to overcome this deficienc ...
CS 561a: Introduction to Artificial Intelligence
... • One is biological, based on the idea that since humans are intelligent, AI should study humans and imitate their psychology or physiology. • The other is phenomenal, based on studying and formalizing common sense facts about the world and the problems that the world presents to the achievement of ...
... • One is biological, based on the idea that since humans are intelligent, AI should study humans and imitate their psychology or physiology. • The other is phenomenal, based on studying and formalizing common sense facts about the world and the problems that the world presents to the achievement of ...