2009 Life Sciences Supplementary Paper 1
... The remains of the Graafian follicle after ovulation ...
... The remains of the Graafian follicle after ovulation ...
Directed Reading B
... Directed Reading B Section: Mendel and His Peas Circle the letter of the best answer for each question. ...
... Directed Reading B Section: Mendel and His Peas Circle the letter of the best answer for each question. ...
4 points: Chemistry, Science, Cells
... • What is the total magnification of a microscope if the eyepiece is 10x and the objective lens is ...
... • What is the total magnification of a microscope if the eyepiece is 10x and the objective lens is ...
Drosophila-Mega-Review
... Uses: to induce clonal populations of positively-marked cells (that can also be homozygous mutant for a gene that is homozygous lethal to the organism when mutant) Components o UAS/Gal4/Gal80 system o Frt sites o hs-flp o Recessive mutant allele: if you want your positively-marked cell to be mutant ...
... Uses: to induce clonal populations of positively-marked cells (that can also be homozygous mutant for a gene that is homozygous lethal to the organism when mutant) Components o UAS/Gal4/Gal80 system o Frt sites o hs-flp o Recessive mutant allele: if you want your positively-marked cell to be mutant ...
Chapter 15 The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance
... Mendel’s dihybrid cross experiments produced offspring that had a combination of traits that did not match either parent in the P generation. ° If the P generation consists of a yellow-round seed parent (YYRR) crossed with a greenwrinkled seed parent (yyrr), all F1 plants have yellow-round seeds (Yy ...
... Mendel’s dihybrid cross experiments produced offspring that had a combination of traits that did not match either parent in the P generation. ° If the P generation consists of a yellow-round seed parent (YYRR) crossed with a greenwrinkled seed parent (yyrr), all F1 plants have yellow-round seeds (Yy ...
Ch. 15 power point
... • From the results, Morgan reasoned that body color and wing size are usually inherited together in specific combinations (parental phenotypes) because the genes are on the same chromosome • However, nonparental phenotypes were also produced • Understanding this result involves exploring genetic re ...
... • From the results, Morgan reasoned that body color and wing size are usually inherited together in specific combinations (parental phenotypes) because the genes are on the same chromosome • However, nonparental phenotypes were also produced • Understanding this result involves exploring genetic re ...
Chapter 10: Patterns of inheritance
... • Meiosis is a specialized form of cell division that occurs in diploid germ cells and gives rise to haploid cells, each containing just one set of chromosomes • In humans these cells are gametes – sperm or egg cells • Fertilization unites the gametes from two parents producing the first cell of the ...
... • Meiosis is a specialized form of cell division that occurs in diploid germ cells and gives rise to haploid cells, each containing just one set of chromosomes • In humans these cells are gametes – sperm or egg cells • Fertilization unites the gametes from two parents producing the first cell of the ...
Chapter 14 Powerpoint
... • In addition to their role in determining sex, the sex chromosomes, especially the X chromosome, have genes for many characters unrelated to sex. • These sex-linked genes follow the same pattern of inheritance as the white-eye locus in Drosophila. ...
... • In addition to their role in determining sex, the sex chromosomes, especially the X chromosome, have genes for many characters unrelated to sex. • These sex-linked genes follow the same pattern of inheritance as the white-eye locus in Drosophila. ...
Cell Reproduction
... The process of cell division is how multicellular organisms grow and repair themselves. It is also how many organisms produce offspring. For many single-celled organisms, asexual reproduction is a similar process. The parent cell simply divides to form two daughter cells that are identical to the pa ...
... The process of cell division is how multicellular organisms grow and repair themselves. It is also how many organisms produce offspring. For many single-celled organisms, asexual reproduction is a similar process. The parent cell simply divides to form two daughter cells that are identical to the pa ...
Mitosis and meiosis (explanation slides)
... chromosomes could segregate in the first meiotic division. During prophase 1, matching chromosome segments pair, resulting in a cross-shaped tetravalent containing the normal and translocated copies of chromosomes 1 and 22. At anaphase 1 they pull apart, and the diagram shows various ways this could ...
... chromosomes could segregate in the first meiotic division. During prophase 1, matching chromosome segments pair, resulting in a cross-shaped tetravalent containing the normal and translocated copies of chromosomes 1 and 22. At anaphase 1 they pull apart, and the diagram shows various ways this could ...
Chapter 15 – The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance
... One of Morgan’s students, Alfred Sturtevant, used crossing over of linked genes to develop a method for constructing a genetic map, an ordered list of the genetic loci along a particular chromosome. ...
... One of Morgan’s students, Alfred Sturtevant, used crossing over of linked genes to develop a method for constructing a genetic map, an ordered list of the genetic loci along a particular chromosome. ...
chapt 9
... Due to the large number of possible gametes resulting from independent assortment, segregation, mutation and crossing-over, ...
... Due to the large number of possible gametes resulting from independent assortment, segregation, mutation and crossing-over, ...
Problem Set 2 - MIT OpenCourseWare
... female. Both flies have light brown body color and are wingless. You put these flies in a vial and few days later, you return to find that this vial is full of flies that are light brown and wingless (P1). The two flies have mated and it turns out that they are true breeding for the alleles that det ...
... female. Both flies have light brown body color and are wingless. You put these flies in a vial and few days later, you return to find that this vial is full of flies that are light brown and wingless (P1). The two flies have mated and it turns out that they are true breeding for the alleles that det ...
The chromosomal theory of inheritance
... Vehicles of Mendelian Inheritance • The chromosomal theory of inheritance was first proposed in 1902 by Walter Sutton supported by several pieces of evidence • similar chromosomes pair with one another during meiosis • reproduction involves the initial union of only eggs and sperm – each gamete co ...
... Vehicles of Mendelian Inheritance • The chromosomal theory of inheritance was first proposed in 1902 by Walter Sutton supported by several pieces of evidence • similar chromosomes pair with one another during meiosis • reproduction involves the initial union of only eggs and sperm – each gamete co ...
Full-Text PDF
... homology is arbitrarily defined as greater than 97 or 98% identity. In other words, there might be up to two or three allelic differences per 100 base-pairs. Sequence with less than 97% identity is homeologous sequence, and unrelated sequence is heterologous. Conversion is a byproduct of recombinati ...
... homology is arbitrarily defined as greater than 97 or 98% identity. In other words, there might be up to two or three allelic differences per 100 base-pairs. Sequence with less than 97% identity is homeologous sequence, and unrelated sequence is heterologous. Conversion is a byproduct of recombinati ...
Chapter-4 Plant Kingdom
... Thus, during the life cycle of any sexually reproducing plant, there is an alternation of generations between gamete producing haploid gametophyte and spore producing diploid ...
... Thus, during the life cycle of any sexually reproducing plant, there is an alternation of generations between gamete producing haploid gametophyte and spore producing diploid ...
16 - Sex-Linked Traits and Your Pedigree
... dominant, normal gene. The recessive gene is represented by the letter h. How is the trait inherited? Is it a sex-linked genetic disease or not? If it is sex-linked, the gene is located on the X chromosomes. If it is not sex-linked, the gene is located on a chromosomal pair other than the sex chromo ...
... dominant, normal gene. The recessive gene is represented by the letter h. How is the trait inherited? Is it a sex-linked genetic disease or not? If it is sex-linked, the gene is located on the X chromosomes. If it is not sex-linked, the gene is located on a chromosomal pair other than the sex chromo ...
The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance
... and genes are both present in pairs in diploid cells Homologous chromosomes separate and alleles segregate during meiosis Fertilization restores the paired condition for both chromosomes and genes. ...
... and genes are both present in pairs in diploid cells Homologous chromosomes separate and alleles segregate during meiosis Fertilization restores the paired condition for both chromosomes and genes. ...
genome_mapping.pdf
... chromosome ends up in an egg or sperm. The 4 different possibilities for chromosome 5 in this example are shown at the left. ...
... chromosome ends up in an egg or sperm. The 4 different possibilities for chromosome 5 in this example are shown at the left. ...
5.1 Mendelian Genetics - Mrs. Mortier's Science Page
... Dominant allele (P - purple flowered pea plant) a. homozygous dominant (PP – receives an allele for the dominant trait from each parent) b. heterozygous dominant (Pp – receives one allele for the dominant trait and one for the recessive trait (p-white flowers). The recessive trait is hidden by the d ...
... Dominant allele (P - purple flowered pea plant) a. homozygous dominant (PP – receives an allele for the dominant trait from each parent) b. heterozygous dominant (Pp – receives one allele for the dominant trait and one for the recessive trait (p-white flowers). The recessive trait is hidden by the d ...
artificial yeast chromosomes
... without SUP11, the yeast turn red; with one copy, they are pink, and with two or more copies they are white. The yeast you will be working with are homozygous for ade2-101, so two copies of the SUP11 gene are necessary to fully suppress the mutation. The strains that you will be working with have ha ...
... without SUP11, the yeast turn red; with one copy, they are pink, and with two or more copies they are white. The yeast you will be working with are homozygous for ade2-101, so two copies of the SUP11 gene are necessary to fully suppress the mutation. The strains that you will be working with have ha ...
Mutations - GK-12 Program at the University of Houston
... Mutations naturally occur over time, this is the underlying cause of evolution. As we can see, evolution is a very slow process with a net benefit to an organism, but there are some environmental factors that may influence or induce additional mutations. These induced mutations often lead to harmful ...
... Mutations naturally occur over time, this is the underlying cause of evolution. As we can see, evolution is a very slow process with a net benefit to an organism, but there are some environmental factors that may influence or induce additional mutations. These induced mutations often lead to harmful ...
5 BLY 122 Lecture Notes (O`Brien) 2010 II. Protists (Chapter 29) A
... How do protests reproduce? 1. Sexual versus asexual reproduction a. Meiosis introduces genetic variability through… (1) crossover (2) independent assortment Picture Slides Fig. 12.7 (crossing over) and Fig. 12.9 (independent assortment) b. Sexual reproduction requires fusion of haploid gametes from ...
... How do protests reproduce? 1. Sexual versus asexual reproduction a. Meiosis introduces genetic variability through… (1) crossover (2) independent assortment Picture Slides Fig. 12.7 (crossing over) and Fig. 12.9 (independent assortment) b. Sexual reproduction requires fusion of haploid gametes from ...
Meiosis
Meiosis /maɪˈoʊsɨs/ is a specialized type of cell division which reduces the chromosome number by half. This process occurs in all sexually reproducing single-celled and multi-celled eukaryotes, including animals, plants, and fungi. Errors in meiosis resulting in aneuploidy are the leading known cause of miscarriage and the most frequent genetic cause of developmental disabilities. In meiosis, DNA replication is followed by two rounds of cell division to produce four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes as the original parent cell. The two meiotic divisions are known as meiosis I and meiosis II. Before meiosis begins, during S phase of the cell cycle, the DNA of each chromosome is replicated so that it consists of two identical sister chromatids. In meiosis I, homologous chromosomes pair with each other and can exchange genetic material in a process called chromosomal crossover. The homologous chromosomes are then segregated into two new daughter cells, each containing half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. At the end of meiosis I, sister chromatids remain attached and may differ from one another if crossing-over occurred. In meiosis II, the two cells produced during meiosis I divide again. Sister chromatids segregate from one another to produce four total daughter cells. These cells can mature into various types of gametes such as ova, sperm, spores, or pollen.Because the number of chromosomes is halved during meiosis, gametes can fuse (i.e. fertilization) to form a zygote with a complete chromosome count containing a combination of paternal and maternal chromosomes. Thus, meiosis and fertilization facilitate sexual reproduction with successive generations maintaining the same number of chromosomes. For example, a typical diploid human cell contains 23 pairs of chromosomes (46 total, half of maternal origin and half of paternal origin). Meiosis produces haploid gametes with one set of 23 chromosomes. When two gametes (an egg and a sperm) fuse, the resulting zygote is once again diploid, with the mother and father each contributing 23 chromosomes. This same pattern, but not the same number of chromosomes, occurs in all organisms that utilize meiosis. Thus, if a species has 30 chromosomes in its somatic cells, it will produce gametes with 15 chromosomes.