Final Exam Spring 2011 STUDY GUIDE
... b. The petri dish inhibits cell growth. c. Contact with other cells stops cell growth. d. Most cells grown in petri dishes have a defective p53. As a cell grows, it a. places more demands on its DNA. b. uses up food and oxygen more quickly. c. has more trouble moving enough materials across its cell ...
... b. The petri dish inhibits cell growth. c. Contact with other cells stops cell growth. d. Most cells grown in petri dishes have a defective p53. As a cell grows, it a. places more demands on its DNA. b. uses up food and oxygen more quickly. c. has more trouble moving enough materials across its cell ...
Cell growth, cell cycle and differentiation
... to opposite poles by spindle fibres. These are made of microtubules and radiate from the centrosome. ...
... to opposite poles by spindle fibres. These are made of microtubules and radiate from the centrosome. ...
Slide 1 - Fort Bend ISD
... Try this one on your own Question: What is the probability that a homozygous (normal vision) female and a colorblind male will have a girl who is colorblind (b = colorblind, ...
... Try this one on your own Question: What is the probability that a homozygous (normal vision) female and a colorblind male will have a girl who is colorblind (b = colorblind, ...
11-4 Meiosis - Midland Park School District
... Comparing Mitosis and Meiosis In mitosis, when the two sets of genetic material separate, each daughter cell receives one complete set of chromosomes. In meiosis, homologous chromosomes line up and then move to separate daughter cells. Mitosis does not normally change the chromosome number of the or ...
... Comparing Mitosis and Meiosis In mitosis, when the two sets of genetic material separate, each daughter cell receives one complete set of chromosomes. In meiosis, homologous chromosomes line up and then move to separate daughter cells. Mitosis does not normally change the chromosome number of the or ...
Growth & Development
... Nuclear division in Growth • There are 2 types of nuclear division: Mitosis & Meiosis • Mitosis occurs when cell divides during growth. ...
... Nuclear division in Growth • There are 2 types of nuclear division: Mitosis & Meiosis • Mitosis occurs when cell divides during growth. ...
Notes
... Ex: sickle-cell anemia (single recessive allele on both homologues) causes formation of abnormal hemoglobin which in turn causes: breakdown of red blood cells, clumping of cells & clogging of small blood vessels, accumulation of ...
... Ex: sickle-cell anemia (single recessive allele on both homologues) causes formation of abnormal hemoglobin which in turn causes: breakdown of red blood cells, clumping of cells & clogging of small blood vessels, accumulation of ...
Chapter 11 Powerpoint
... • Chromosome number of a parental cell can change permanently • Often caused by nondisjunction – Failure of one or more pairs of duplicated chromosomes to separate during meiosis or mitosis – Nondisjunction affect the chromosome number at fertilization ...
... • Chromosome number of a parental cell can change permanently • Often caused by nondisjunction – Failure of one or more pairs of duplicated chromosomes to separate during meiosis or mitosis – Nondisjunction affect the chromosome number at fertilization ...
Slide 1
... •Benign tumors are not cancerous – these cells do not spread to other parts of the body •Malignant tumors are cancerous – these cells break loose and can invade and destroy healthy tissue in other parts of the body (called metastasis) ...
... •Benign tumors are not cancerous – these cells do not spread to other parts of the body •Malignant tumors are cancerous – these cells break loose and can invade and destroy healthy tissue in other parts of the body (called metastasis) ...
Pteris tremula
... haploid spores by meiosis (a process of cell division which reduces the number of chromosomes by a half). A spore grows into a haploid gametophyte by mitosis (a process of cell division which maintains the number of chromosomes). The gametophyte typically consists of a photosynthetic prothallus. The ...
... haploid spores by meiosis (a process of cell division which reduces the number of chromosomes by a half). A spore grows into a haploid gametophyte by mitosis (a process of cell division which maintains the number of chromosomes). The gametophyte typically consists of a photosynthetic prothallus. The ...
Cells
... nucleus occurs • Cell division starts with one cell & ends with two cells that are exactly like the original cell ...
... nucleus occurs • Cell division starts with one cell & ends with two cells that are exactly like the original cell ...
Topic_4.doc
... There are two types of cell division: mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis is the type of cell division that occurs in most cells of the body. It is during mitosis, specifically the prophase stage of mitosis, that chromosomes are visible and easy to identify for karyotyping. In mitosis, two genetically ident ...
... There are two types of cell division: mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis is the type of cell division that occurs in most cells of the body. It is during mitosis, specifically the prophase stage of mitosis, that chromosomes are visible and easy to identify for karyotyping. In mitosis, two genetically ident ...
Chromosomal Abnormalities
... Structural aberrations arise from the incorrect repair of breaks in a chromosome caused by viruses, chemicals, radiation or other events. Although all cells experience chromosome breakage, in terms of human genetics, only aberrations arising within germ cells are important. Enzymes exist that can re ...
... Structural aberrations arise from the incorrect repair of breaks in a chromosome caused by viruses, chemicals, radiation or other events. Although all cells experience chromosome breakage, in terms of human genetics, only aberrations arising within germ cells are important. Enzymes exist that can re ...
level one science: biology
... I can describe the structure of DNA by including the terms: sugar, phosphate, base and nucleotide. I can define and distinguish between DNA, chromosomes, genes and alleles. I can explain that the sequence of bases in a gene determines the trait expressed by the organism. I can use the correct biolog ...
... I can describe the structure of DNA by including the terms: sugar, phosphate, base and nucleotide. I can define and distinguish between DNA, chromosomes, genes and alleles. I can explain that the sequence of bases in a gene determines the trait expressed by the organism. I can use the correct biolog ...
Acc_Bio_Semester1_Final_Review_Key_12
... become. For example, a giraffe will continually stretch its neck to reach the leaves in the upper canopy of the trees. Over its lifetime, the giraffe will ACQUIRE a longer neck. The giraffe can pass this acquired trait onto its offspring. We now know this is not correct! ACQUIRED ...
... become. For example, a giraffe will continually stretch its neck to reach the leaves in the upper canopy of the trees. Over its lifetime, the giraffe will ACQUIRE a longer neck. The giraffe can pass this acquired trait onto its offspring. We now know this is not correct! ACQUIRED ...
CD1
... Chromosomes always come pairs. 7) Gene – the hereditary unit that codes for a trait category (e.g. gene for hair color). 8) Allele – the specific expression of a gene (e.g. BROWN hair). For every gene in an organism, there are two alleles present – each allele is present on its OWN chromosome in the ...
... Chromosomes always come pairs. 7) Gene – the hereditary unit that codes for a trait category (e.g. gene for hair color). 8) Allele – the specific expression of a gene (e.g. BROWN hair). For every gene in an organism, there are two alleles present – each allele is present on its OWN chromosome in the ...
ch4.1
... People inherit many physical traits from their parents. Traits can include skin color, hair texture and color, eye color, the size and shape of ears, and more. ...
... People inherit many physical traits from their parents. Traits can include skin color, hair texture and color, eye color, the size and shape of ears, and more. ...
Activity 3.3.1: How is DNA Passed through the Generations?
... represented as lowercase letters. Therefore, the gene for brown and blue eyes can be represented with the letter B (or b). The capital letter B often represents the dominant gene for brown eyes and the lowercase b represents the recessive gene for blue eyes. Therefore, someone with the genotypes BB ...
... represented as lowercase letters. Therefore, the gene for brown and blue eyes can be represented with the letter B (or b). The capital letter B often represents the dominant gene for brown eyes and the lowercase b represents the recessive gene for blue eyes. Therefore, someone with the genotypes BB ...
Biology Mid-term Notes
... 5.2 Mitosis and Cytokinesis • Mitosis divides the cell’s nucleus in four phases. – During prophase, chromosomes condense and spindle fibers form. ...
... 5.2 Mitosis and Cytokinesis • Mitosis divides the cell’s nucleus in four phases. – During prophase, chromosomes condense and spindle fibers form. ...
The Cell Cycle
... How long does the cell cycle take? • The generation time for some mouse cells is about 22 hours • The G1 phase lasts about 9 hours • The S phase lasts about 10 hours • The G2 phase lasts about 2 hours • The M phase lasts about 1 hour ...
... How long does the cell cycle take? • The generation time for some mouse cells is about 22 hours • The G1 phase lasts about 9 hours • The S phase lasts about 10 hours • The G2 phase lasts about 2 hours • The M phase lasts about 1 hour ...
Genetics - Valhalla High School
... • Characteristics are determined by both genes and the environment. • External: While genes will influence the height of a plant, the amount of water, sun, and other climate conditions will also affect the height. ...
... • Characteristics are determined by both genes and the environment. • External: While genes will influence the height of a plant, the amount of water, sun, and other climate conditions will also affect the height. ...
Chapters 12 through 16 Unit objective answers checked
... (Website - http://www.loci.wisc.edu/outreach/bioclips/CDBio.html) Interphase- cell growth, DNA replication Prophase- condensation of chromatin (forms chromosomes), nuclear membrane disappears Metaphase- chromosomes line up at center of the cell (metaphase plate) Anaphase- separates sister chromatids ...
... (Website - http://www.loci.wisc.edu/outreach/bioclips/CDBio.html) Interphase- cell growth, DNA replication Prophase- condensation of chromatin (forms chromosomes), nuclear membrane disappears Metaphase- chromosomes line up at center of the cell (metaphase plate) Anaphase- separates sister chromatids ...
7.1 Chromosomes and Phenotype KEY CONCEPT affect the expression of traits.
... The chromosomes on which genes are located can affect the expression of traits. ...
... The chromosomes on which genes are located can affect the expression of traits. ...
Meiosis
Meiosis /maɪˈoʊsɨs/ is a specialized type of cell division which reduces the chromosome number by half. This process occurs in all sexually reproducing single-celled and multi-celled eukaryotes, including animals, plants, and fungi. Errors in meiosis resulting in aneuploidy are the leading known cause of miscarriage and the most frequent genetic cause of developmental disabilities. In meiosis, DNA replication is followed by two rounds of cell division to produce four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes as the original parent cell. The two meiotic divisions are known as meiosis I and meiosis II. Before meiosis begins, during S phase of the cell cycle, the DNA of each chromosome is replicated so that it consists of two identical sister chromatids. In meiosis I, homologous chromosomes pair with each other and can exchange genetic material in a process called chromosomal crossover. The homologous chromosomes are then segregated into two new daughter cells, each containing half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. At the end of meiosis I, sister chromatids remain attached and may differ from one another if crossing-over occurred. In meiosis II, the two cells produced during meiosis I divide again. Sister chromatids segregate from one another to produce four total daughter cells. These cells can mature into various types of gametes such as ova, sperm, spores, or pollen.Because the number of chromosomes is halved during meiosis, gametes can fuse (i.e. fertilization) to form a zygote with a complete chromosome count containing a combination of paternal and maternal chromosomes. Thus, meiosis and fertilization facilitate sexual reproduction with successive generations maintaining the same number of chromosomes. For example, a typical diploid human cell contains 23 pairs of chromosomes (46 total, half of maternal origin and half of paternal origin). Meiosis produces haploid gametes with one set of 23 chromosomes. When two gametes (an egg and a sperm) fuse, the resulting zygote is once again diploid, with the mother and father each contributing 23 chromosomes. This same pattern, but not the same number of chromosomes, occurs in all organisms that utilize meiosis. Thus, if a species has 30 chromosomes in its somatic cells, it will produce gametes with 15 chromosomes.